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1.
Panthee DR Pantalone VR Sams CE Saxton AM West DR Orf JH Killam AS 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(3):546-553
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the single largest source of protein in animal feed. However, a major limitation of soy proteins is their
deficiency in sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys). The objective of this study was to identify
quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Met and Cys concentration in soybean seed. To achieve this objective, 101 F6-derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a population developed from a cross of N87-984-16 × TN93-99 were used. Ground
soybean seed samples were analyzed for Met and Cys concentration using a near infrared spectroscopy instrument. Data were
analyzed using SAS software and QTL Cartographer. RIL differed (P<0.01) in Met and Cys concentrations, with a range of 5.1–7.3 (g kg−1 seed dry weight) for Cys and 4.4–8.8 (g kg−1 seed dry weight) for Met. Heritability estimates on an entry mean basis were 0.14 and 0.57 for Cys and Met, respectively.
A total of 94 polymorphic simple sequence repeat molecular genetic markers were screened in the RIL. Single factor ANOVA was
used to identify candidate QTL, which were confirmed by composite interval mapping using QTL Cartographer. Four QTL linked
to molecular markers Satt235, Satt252, Satt427 and Satt436 distributed on three molecular linkage groups (MLG) D1a, F and
G were associated with Cys and three QTL linked to molecular markers Satt252, Satt564 and Satt590 distributed on MLG F, G
and M were associated with Met concentration in soybean seed. QTL associated with Met and Cys in soybean seed will provide
important information to breeders targeting improvements in the nutritional quality of soybean. 相似文献
2.
Soil water-logging can cause severe damage to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and results in significant yield reduction. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci
(QTL) that condition water-logging tolerance (WLT) in soybean. Two populations with 103 and 67 F6:11 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from A5403 × Archer (Population 1) and P9641 × Archer (Population 2), respectively, were
used as the mapping populations. The populations were evaluated for WLT in manually flooded fields in 2001, 2002, and 2003.
Significant variation was observed for WLT among the lines in the two populations. No transgressive tolerant segregants were
observed in either population. Broad-sense heritability of WLT for populations 1 and 2 were 0.59 and 0.43, respectively. The
tolerant and sensitive RILs from each population were selected to create a tolerant bulk and a sensitive bulk, respectively.
The two bulks and the parents of each population were tested with 912 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to select candidate
regions on the linkage map that were associated with WLT. Markers from the candidate regions were used to genotype the RILs
in both populations. Both single marker analysis (SMA) and composite interval mapping (CIM) were used to identify QTL for
WLT. Seventeen markers in Population 1 and 15 markers in Population 2 were significantly (p <0.0001) associated with WLT in SMA. Many of these markers were linked to Rps genes or QTL conferring resistance to Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann and Gerdemann. Five markers, Satt599 on linkage group (LG) A1, Satt160, Satt269, and Satt252 on LG F, and Satt485
on LG N, were significant (p <0.0001) for WLT in both populations. With CIM, a WLT QTL was found close to the marker Satt385 on LG A1 in Population 1
in 2003. This QTL explained 10% of the phenotypic variation and the allele that increased WLT came from Archer. In Population
2 in 2002, a WLT QTL was located near the marker Satt269 on LG F. This QTL explained 16% of the phenotypic variation and the
allele that increased WLT also came from Archer. 相似文献
3.
Yan Wang Yingpeng Han Xue Zhao Yongguang Li Weili Teng Dongmei Li Yong Zhan Wenbin Li 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) isoflavone is important for human health and plant defense system. To identify novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) and epistatic QTL underlying isoflavone content in soybean, F5:6, F5:7 and F5:8 populations of 130 recombinant inbred (RI) lines, derived from the cross of soybean cultivar ‘Zhong Dou 27′ (high isoflavone) and ‘Jiu Nong 20′ (low isoflavone), were analyzed with 95 new SSR markers. A new linkage map including 194 SSR markers and covering 2,312 cM with mean distance of about 12 cM between markers was constructed. Thirty four QTL for both individual and total seed isoflavone contents of soybean were identified. Six, seven, ten and eleven QTL were associated with daidzein (DZ), glycitein (GC), genistein (GT) and total isoflavone (TI), respectively. Of them 23 QTL were newly identified. The qTIF_1 between Satt423 and Satt569 shared the same marker Satt569 with qDZF_2, qGTF_1 and qTIF_2. The qGTD2_1 between Satt186 and Satt226 was detected in four environments and explained 3.41%-10.98% of the phenotypic variation. The qGTA2_1, overlapped with qGCA2_1 and detected in four environments, was close to the previously identified major QTL for GT, which were responsible for large a effects. QTL (qDZF_2, qGTF_1 and qTIF_2) between Satt144-Satt569 were either clustered or pleiotropic. The qGCM_1, qGTM_1 and qTIM_1 between Satt540-Sat_244 explained 2.02%–9.12% of the phenotypic variation over six environments. Moreover, the qGCE_1 overlapped with qGTE_1 and qTIE_1, the qTIH_2 overlapped with qGTH_1, qGCI_1 overlapped with qDZI_1, qTIL_1 overlapped with qGTL_1, and qTIO_1 overlapped with qGTO_1. In this study, some of unstable QTL were detected in different environments, which were due to weak expression of QTL, QTL by environment interaction in the opposite direction to a effects, and/or epistasis. The markers identified in multi-environments in this study could be applied in the selection of soybean cultivars for higher isoflavone content and in the map-based gene cloning. 相似文献
4.
E. Flores Berrios L. Gentzbittel L. Mokrani G. Alibert A. Sarrafi 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(4):606-612
Experiments were conducted to identify the genetic factors controlling protoplast division and to determine eventual relations
between genetic factors involving organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis and protoplast division in sunflower. The present study
involved protoplast culture and two traits: total division per 100 protoplasts (TOTD) and asymmetric division per 100 protoplasts
(ASYD) were scored in 52 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between PAC-2 and RHA-266. Asymmetric division is an
early event in the formation of embryoids from protoplasts. Analysis of variance indicated the existence of highly significant
differences among parental genotypes and their RILs. Heritability for the two protoplast division parameters (TOTD and ASYD)
was high (0.87 and 0.89, respectively) and genetic gain expressed as percentage of the best parent for 10% of the selected
RILs was significant. Twelve putative loci associated with total division per 100 protoplasts were identified. Eleven QTLs
were also detected for asymmetric division per 100 protoplasts. The QTLs present high significant LOD scores and sum to a
high percentage of phenotypic variance. The percentage of phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 2% to 24%.
Some segments of the linkage groups I, XV and XVII are likely to contain genes important for organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis
and protoplast division, as clustering of QTLs for these characters were described. The QTLs identified in these three linkage
groups should be involved in cell division and in early events associated with cell differenciation.
Received: 15 December 1999 / Accepted: 30 December 1999 相似文献
5.
Identification of QTL for increased fibrous roots in soybean 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abdel-Haleem H Lee GJ Boerma RH 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(5):935-946
Drought stress adversely affects soybean at various developmental stages, which collectively results in yield reduction. Unpredictable
rainfall has been reported to contribute about 36% to variation of yield difference between the rain-fed and irrigated fields.
Among the drought resistance mechanisms, drought avoidance in genotypes with fibrous roots was recognized to be associated
with drought resistance in soybean. Plant introduction PI416937 was shown to possess fibrous roots and has been used as a
parent in breeding programs to improve soybean productivity. Little information is available on relative contribution and
chromosomal location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning fibrous roots in soybean. To identify the genomic locations
and genetic bases of this trait, a recombinant inbred line population was derived from a cross between PI416937 and ‘Benning’.
To detect associated QTLs, phenotypic data were collected and analyzed for 2 years under rain-fed field conditions. The selective
genotyping approach was used to reduce the costs and work associated with conducting the QTL analysis. A total of five QTLs
were identified on chromosomes Gm01 (Satt383), Gm03 (Satt339), Gm04 (Sct_191), Gm08 (Satt429), and Gm20 (Sat_299), and together
explained 51% of the variation in root score. Detected QTLs were co-localized with QTLs related to root morphology, suggesting
that fibrous roots QTL may be associated with other morpho-physiological traits and seed yield in soybean. Genetic dissection
of the fibrous roots trait at the individual marker loci will allow for marker-assisted selection to develop soybean genotypes
with enhanced levels of fibrous roots. 相似文献
6.
Summary In leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) a cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis was developed. Somatic embryos used for cyclic embryogenesis were able to develop the same type of embryogenic callus as zygotic embryos in the primary cycle. For the first time a comparison of the efficiencies of both expiants was made. Ten families were investigated for somatic embryogenesis. There was a genetic relationship with respect to somatic embryo production between the reciprocal crosses. From each family one genotype was selected for investigating cyclic somatic embryogenesis. Different levels of somatic embryo production were found between the expiants of zygotic and somatic embryos. The two best genotypes, 92.001-03 and 92.002-33 produced twice as many somatic embryos as the overall average. On average, 56% of the somatic embryos finally developed into greenhouse plantlets.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BA
6-benzyladenine
- MS medium
Murashige and skoog (1962) basal medium 相似文献
7.
Laura Palomeque Liu Li-Jun Wenbin Li Bradley Hedges Elroy R. Cober Istvan Rajcan 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(3):417-427
Modern soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merrill] breeding programs rely primarily on the use of elite × elite line crosses to develop high-yielding cultivars.
Favorable alleles for traits of interest have been found in exotic germplasm but the successful introduction of such alleles
has been hampered by the lack of adaptation of the exotic parent to local mega-environment and difficulties in identifying
superior progeny from elite × exotic crosses. The objective of this study was to use a population derived from a cross between
an adapted and an exotic elite line to understand the genetic causes underlying adaptation to two mega-environments (China
and Canada). A cross between a high-yielding Canadian cultivar ‘OAC Millennium’ and an elite Chinese cultivar ‘Heinong 38’
was performed to develop a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. The RIL population was evaluated in China and Canada
in multiple environments from 2004 to 2006. Significant variation for seed yield was observed among the RILs in both the Chinese
and Canadian environment. Individual RILs performed differently between the Chinese and Canadian environments suggesting differential
adaptation to intercontinental mega-environments. Seven seed yield quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified of which
five were mega-environment universal QTL (linked to markers Satt100, Satt162, Satt277, Sat_126, and the interval of Satt139-Sat_042)
and two were mega-environment-specific QTL (at marker intervals, Satt194-SOYGPA and Satt259-Satt576). Seed yield QTL located
near Satt277 has been confirmed and new QTL have been identified explaining between 9 and 37% of the phenotypic variation
in seed yield. The QTL located near Satt100 explained the greatest amount of variation ranging from 18 to 37% per environment.
Broad sense heritability ranged from 89 to 64% among environments. Epistatic effects have been identified in both mega-environments
with pairs of markers explaining between 9 and 14% of the phenotypic variation in seed yield. An improved understanding of
the type of QTL action as either universal or mega-environment-specific QTL as well as their interaction may facilitate the
development of strategies to introgress specific high-yielding alleles from Chinese to North American germplasm and vice versa
to sustain efforts in breeding of high-yielding soybean cultivars. 相似文献
8.
Zhijian Li Abdoulaye Traore Siela Maximova Mark J. Guiltinan 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1998,34(4):293-299
Summary A procedure for the regeneration of cacao (Theobroma cacao) plants from staminode explants via somatic embryogenesis was developed. Rapidly growing calli were induced by culturing
staminode explants on a DKW salts-based primary callus growth (PCG) medium supplemented with 20 g glucose per L, 9 μM 2,4-D, and thidiazuron (TDZ) at various concentrations. Calli were subcultured onto a WPM salts-based secondary callus growth
medium supplemented with 20 g glucose per L, 9 μM 2,4-D, and 1.4 nM kinetin. Somatic embryos were formed from embryogenic calli following transfer to a hormone-free DKW salts-based embryo development
medium containing sucrose. The concentration of TDZ used in PCG medium significantly affected the rate of callus growth, the
frequency of embryogenesis, and the number of somatic embryos produced from each responsive explant. A TDZ concentration of
22.7 nM was found to be the optimal concentration for effective induction of somatic embryos from various cacao genotypes. Using
this procedure, we recovered somatic embryos from all 19 tested cacao genotypes, representing three major genetic group types.
However, among these genotypes, a wide range of variation was observed in both the frequency of embryogenesis, which ranged
from 1 to 100%, and the average number of somatic embryos produced from each responsive explant, which ranged from 2 to 46.
Two types of somatic embryos were identified on the basis of their visual appearance and growth behavior. A large number of
cacao plants have been regenerated from somatic embryos and established in soil in a greenhouse. Plants showed morphological
and growth characteristics similar to those of seed-derived plants. The described procedure may allow for the practical use
of somatic embryogenesis for clonal propagation of elite cacao clones and other applications that require the production of
a large number of plants from limited source materials. 相似文献
9.
Suvendu Mondal Ashok B. Hadapad Poonam A. Hande Anand M. Badigannavar 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2014,33(4):961-973
Groundnut bruchid (Caryedon serratus Olivier) is a major storage insect pest that significantly lowers the quality and market acceptance of the produce. Screening for resistance against groundnut bruchid in field conditions is difficult due to the variation in environmental factors and possible occurrence of biotypes. Hence, identification of tightly linked markers or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is needed for selection and pyramiding of resistance genes for durable resistance. A population of recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between VG 9514 (resistant) and TAG 24 (susceptible) was screened for five component traits of bruchid resistance in 2 years. The same population was genotyped with 221 polymorphic marker loci. A genetic linkage map covering 1,796.7 cM map distance was constructed with 190 marker loci in cultivated groundnut. QTL analysis detected thirteen main QTLs for four components of bruchid resistance in nine linkage groups and 31 epistatic QTLs for total developmental period (TDP). Screening in 2 years for bruchid resistance identified two common main QTLs. The common QTL for TDP, qTDP-b08, explained 57–82 % of phenotypic variation, while the other common QTL for adult emergence, qAE2010/11-a02, explained 13–21 % of phenotypic variation. Additionally, three QTLs for TDP, adult emergence and number of holes and one QTL for pod weight loss were identified which explained 14–39 % of phenotypic variation. This is the first report on identification of multiple main and epistatic loci for bruchid resistance in groundnut. 相似文献
10.
E. Flores Berrios A. Sarrafi F. Fabre G. Alibert L. Gentzbittel 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(8):1307-1312
The present study was conducted to identify the genetic factors controlling somatic embryogenesis in the sunflower. Two traits,
the number of embryogenic explants per 40 explants plated (EE/40 E) and the number of embryos per 40 explants (E/40 E), were
scored in 74 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between ’PAC-2’ and ’RHA-266’. The experiment was designed as a
randomized complete block with 76 genotypes (74 recombinant inbred lines and two parents) and three replications. Each replication
consisted of three Erlenmeyer flasks with 40 epidermal layers (explants). Analyses of variance indicated the existence of
highly significant differences among parental genotypes and their RILs. Heritabilities for the somatic embryogenesis traits
studied, EE/40 E and E/40 E, were high (0.64 and 0.77 respectively) and the genetic gain, in percentage of the best parent
for 10% of selected RILs, was significant. Four QTLs for EE/40 E (tee) and seven for E/40 E (ete) were detected using composite interval mapping and AFLP mapping. The QTLs for EE/40 E explained 48% of the phenotypic variation
while the QTLs for E/40 E explained about 89% of the variation.
Received:14 December 1999 / Accepted:18 May 2000 相似文献
11.
Drought stress has long been a major constraint in maintaining yield stability of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in rainfed ecosystems. The identification of consistent quantitative trait loci (QTL) involving seed yield per plant (YP) and drought susceptibility index (DSI) in a population across different environments would therefore be important in molecular marker-assisted breeding of soybean cultivars suitable for rainfed regions. The YP of a recombinant line population of 184 F2:7:11 lines from a cross of Kefengl and Nannong1138-2 was studied under water-stressed (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions in field (F) and greenhouse (G) trials, and DSI for yield was calculated in two trials. Nineteen QTLs associated with YP-WS and YP-WW, and 10 QTLs associated with DSI, were identi- fied. Comparison of these QTL locations with previous findings showed that the majority of these regions control one or more traits re- lated to yield and other agronomic traits. One QTL on molecular linkage group (MLG) K for YP-F, and two QTLs on MLG C2 for YP-G, remained constant across different water regimes. The regions on MLG C2 for YP-WW-F and MLG H for YP-WS-F had a pleiotropic effect on DSI-F, and MLG A1 for YP-WS-G had a pleiotropic effect on DSI-G. The identification of consistent QTLs for YP and DSI across different environments will significantly improve the efficiency of selecting for drought tolerance in soybean. 相似文献
12.
Bolibok H Gruszczyńska A Hromada-Judycka A Rakoczy-Trojanowska M 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2007,12(4):523-535
This study was conducted in order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the in vitro culture response of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) immature embryos and immature inflorescences. A genetic linkage map comprising 67 SSRs, 9 ISSRs, 13 SAMPLs, 7 RAPDs,
2 SCARs and one EST marker was created based on the analyses of 102 recombinant inbred lines from the cross between lines
L318 (which has a good response in tissue cultures) and L9 (which is unable to regenerate plants from somatic tissues and
anthers). The map spans 979.2 cM, and the average distance between markers is 9.9 cM. Two characteristics were evaluated:
callus induction (CI) and somatic embryogenesis ability (SE). They were expressed as the percentage of immature embryos/inflorescences
producing callus (designated ECI/ICI) and the percentage of explants producing somatic embryos (ESE/ISE). All the analysed
traits showed continuous variation in the mapping population but a non-normal frequency distribution. We identified nine putative
QTLs controlling the tissue culture response of rye, explaining up to 41.6% of the total phenotypic variation: two QTLs for
ECI — eci-1, eci-2; 4 for ESE — ece-1, ese-2, ese-3, ese-4; 2 for ICI — ici-1, ici2; and 1 for ISE — ise-1. They were detected on chromosomes 1R, 4R, 5R, 6R and 7R. 相似文献
13.
Suli Sun Moon Young Kim Kyujung Van Yin-Won Lee Baodu Li Suk-Ha Lee 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(8):2029-2038
Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), primarily caused by Phomopsis longicolla, is a major contributor to poor soybean seed quality and significant yield loss, particularly in early maturing soybean genotypes. However, it is not yet known whether PSD resistance is associated with early maturity. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to PSD and days to maturity using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the PSD-resistant Taekwangkong and the PSD-susceptible SS2-2. Based on a genetic linkage map incorporating 117 simple sequence repeat markers, QTL analysis revealed two and three QTLs conferring PSD resistance and days to maturity, respectively, in the RIL population. Two QTLs (PSD-6-1 and PSD-10-2) for PSD resistance were identified in the intervals of Satt100–Satt460 and Sat_038–Satt243 on chromosomes 6 and 10, respectively. Two QTLs explained phenotypic variances in PSD resistance of 46.3 and 14.1 %, respectively. At the PSD-6-1 QTL, the PSD-resistant cultivar Taekwangkong contributed the allele with negative effect decreasing the infection rate of PSD and this QTL does not overlap with any previously reported loci for PSD resistance in other soybean genotypes. Among the three QTLs for days to maturity, two (Mat-6-2 and Mat-10-3) were located at positions similar to the PSD-resistance QTLs. The identification of the QTLs linked to both PSD resistance and days to maturity indicates a biological correlation between these two traits. The newly identified QTL for resistance to PSD associated with days to maturity in Taekwangkong will help improve soybean resistance to P. longicolla. 相似文献
14.
At least 19 single recessive gene yellow leaf mutants and one duplicate recessive gene mutant have been described in soybean. This study was conducted to associate a yellow leaf mutant, y10, with a specific soybean chromosome by using primary trisomics (2n = 41). Seven soybean primary trisomics were hybridized as female parent with genetic stock strain, T161, carrying y10. F(1) disomic and primary trisomic plants were identified cytologically. One disomic (control) and all primary trisomic plants were allowed to self-pollinate and F(2) populations were classified for green versus yellow leaf mutant. The F(2) population of Triplo 3 segregated in a 17:1 ratio, while a disomic (3:1) ratio was observed with Triplo 8-, 17-, 18-, and 20-derived F(2) populations, suggesting that the y10 locus is on chromosome 3. The y10 locus was examined with four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (Satt584, Sat_033, Satt387, and Satt022) from molecular linkage group (MLG) N and y10 was found linked with Satt022. Therefore we confirmed the association of MLG N with chromosome 3. The possible association of y10 with Triplo 16 and Triplo 19 are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Chao Yang Tuanjie Zhao Deyue Yu Junyi Gai 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(2):180-188
From a preliminary experiment on 98 Chinese soybean varieties, 12 varieties with somatic embryogenesis frequency ranging from
0.0% to 85.7% were selected for further study in order to enhance the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration.
The effects of different mannitol concentrations, abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations, and embryo explant ages (sizes) were
investigated. Significant differences in somatic embryogenesis were found among the 12 soybean varieties, with initiation
frequencies varying from 22.1% to 89.0% under suitable mannitol concentration, and with N25281, N25263, and N06499 having
the highest somatic embryogenic capacity. The results showed that all three factors were relevant for raising rates of callus
initiation and somatic embryogenesis, but with differential responses among the genotypes. The treatment of 3.0% (w/v) mannitol, 5 mg l−1 ABA, and a 4- to 5-mm-sized explant was found to be optimal for somatic embryogenesis, generating the highest explant-based
regeneration rate at 83.0%. The greatest average number of plantlets regenerated per explant (1.35) was observed in N25281.
The above results provide a basis for efficient regeneration of soybean and are informative for the development of genetic
transformation systems in Chinese soybean germplasm. 相似文献
16.
QTL analysis of soybean seed weight across multi-genetic backgrounds and environments 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Han Y Li D Zhu D Li H Li X Teng W Li W 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,125(4):671-683
Seed weight, measured as mass per seed, is an important yield component of soybean and is generally positively correlated with seed yield (Burton et al, Crop Sci 27:1093, 1987). In previous reports, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed weight, were identified in single genetic background. The objective of the present study was to identify QTL and epistatic QTL underlying soybean seed weight in three RIL populations (with one common male parent 'Hefeng25') and across three different environments. Overall, 18, 11, and 17 seed weight QTL were identified in HC ('Hefeng25' × 'Conrad'), HM ('Hefeng25' × 'Maple Arrow'), and HB ('Hefeng25' × 'Bayfield') populations, respectively. The amount of phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL underlying seed weight was usually less than 10 %. The environment and background-independent QTL often had higher additive (a) effects. In contrast, the environment or background-dependent QTL were probably due to weak expression of QTL. QTL by environment interaction effects were in the opposite direction of a effects and/or epistasis effects. Four QTL and one QTL could be identified (2.0 < LOD < 9.06) in the HC and HB populations, respectively, across three environments (swHCA2-1, swHCC2-1, swHCD1b-1, swHCA2-2 (linked to Satt233, Satt424, Satt460, Satt428, respectively) and swHBA1-1(Satt449). Seven QTL could be identified in all three RIL populations in at least one location. Two QTL could be identified in the three RIL populations across three environments. These two QTL may have greater potential for use in marker-assisted selection of seed weight in soybean. 相似文献
17.
Sibov ST de Souza CL Garcia AA Silva AR Garcia AF Mangolin CA Benchimol LL de Souza AP 《Hereditas》2003,139(2):107-115
A previous genetic map containing 117 microsatellite loci and 400 F(2) plants was used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in tropical maize. QTL were characterized in a population of 400 F(2:3) lines, derived from selfing the F(2) plants, and were evaluated with two replications in five environments. QTL determinations were made from the mean of these five environments. Grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), ear height (EH) and grain moisture (GM) were measured. Variance components for genotypes (G), environments (E) and GxE interaction were highly significant for all traits. Heritability was 0.69 for GY, 0.66 for PH, 0.67 for EH and 0.23 for GM. Using composite interval mapping (CIM), a total of 13 distinct QTLs were identified: four for GY, four for PH and five for EH. No QTL was detected for GM. The QTL explained 32.73 % of the phenotypic variance of GY, 24.76 % of PH and 20.91 % of EH. The 13 QTLs displayed mostly partial dominance or overdominance gene action and mapped to chromosomes 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9. Most QTL alleles conferring high values for the traits came from line L-14-4B. Mapping analysis identified genomic regions associated with two or more traits in a manner that was consistent with correlation among traits, supporting either pleiotropy or tight linkage among QTL. The low number of QTLs found, can be due to the great variation that exists among tropical environments. 相似文献
18.
Meng F Han Y Teng W Li Y Li W 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(8):1459-1465
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) results in severe yield loss of soybean in many soybean-growing countries of the world. A few loci have been previously
identified to be associated with the aphid resistance in soybean. However, none of them was via isoflavone-mediated antibiosis
process. The aim of the present study was to conduct genetic analysis of aphid resistance and to identify quantitative trait
loci (QTL) underlying aphid resistance in a Chinese soybean cultivar with high isoflavone content. One hundred and thirty
F5:6 derived recombinant inbred lines from the ‘Zhongdou 27’ × ‘Jiunong 20’ cross were used. Two QTL were directly associated
with resistance to aphid as measured by aphid damage index. qRa_1, close to Satt470 on soybean linkage group (LG) A2 (chromosome
8), was consistently detected for 3- and 4-week ratings and explained a large portion of phenotypic variations ranging from
25 to 35%. qRa_2, close to Satt144 of LG F (chromosome 13), was detected for 3- and 4-week ratings and could explain 7 and
11% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. These two QTL were highly associated with high isoflavone content and both
positive alleles were derived from ‘Zhongdou 27’, a cultivar with higher isoflavone content. The results revealed that higher
individual or total isoflavones contents in soybean lines could protect soybean against aphid attack. These two QTL detected
jointly provide potential for marker-assisted selection to improve the resistance of soybean cultivars to aphid along with
the increase of isoflavone content. 相似文献
19.
An efficient somatic embryogenesis system has been established in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don in which primary and secondary embryogenic calluses were developed from hypocotyls and primary cotyledonary somatic
embryos (PCSEs), respectively. Two types of calluses were different in morphology and growth behaviour. Hypocotyl-derived
embryogenic callus (HEC) was friable and fast-growing, while secondary callus derived from PCSE was compact and slow-growing.
HEC differentiated into somatic embryos which proliferated quickly on medium supplemented with NAA (1.0 mg l−1) and BA (1.5 mg l−1). Although differentiation and proliferation of somatic embryos were faster in primary HEC, maturation and germination efficiency
were better in somatic embryos developed from primary cotyledonary somatic embryo-derived secondary embryogenic callus (PCSEC).
At the biochemical level, two somatic embryogenesis systems were different. Both primary and secondary/adventive somatic embryogenesis
and the role of plant growth regulators in two modes of somatic embryo formation have been discussed. 相似文献
20.
Haidong Liu Dezhi Du Shaomin Guo Lu Xiao Zhigang Zhao Zhi Zhao Xiaorong Xing Guoyong Tang Liang Xu Zhong Fu Yanmei Yao Robert W. Duncan 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2016,36(5):52
Days to flowering (DTF) is an important trait impacting cultivar performance in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), but the interaction of all loci controlling this trait in spring-type oilseed rape is not fully understood. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for variation in DTF in a doubled haploid (DH) population from the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau that includes 217 lines derived from a cross between spring-type oilseed rape (B. napus L.) line No. 5246 and line No. 4512, the latter of which is responsive to the effective accumulated temperature (EAT). A linkage map was constructed for the DH population, using 202 SSR and 293 AFLP markers. At least 22 DTF QTL were found in multiple environments. Four major QTL were located on linkage groups A7, C2, C8 and C8. Among these QTL, cqDTFA7a and cqDTFC2a were identified in five environments and individually explained 10.4 and 23.0 % of the trait variation, respectively. cqDTFC8, a major QTL observed in spring environments, and a unique winter environment QTL, qDTFC8-3, were identified; these QTL explained 10.0 and 46.5 % of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Minor QTL (for example, cqDTFC2c) and epistatic interactions seemed evident in this population. Two closely linked SSR markers for cqDTFA7a and cqDTFC8 were developed (G1803 and S034). BnAP1, a B. napus gene with homology to Arabidopsis thaliana that was identified as a cqDTFA7a candidate gene, played a major role in this study. The allelic effects of the major and minor QTL on DTF were further validated in the DH population and in 93 breeding genotypes. 相似文献