中蜂（Apis cerana）蛹期脂肪体营养细胞蛋白质颗粒…

本文以差分析法;小角Ｘ－射线散射及偏光显微镜等方法证明,中蜂蛹期脂肪体内营养细胞蛋白质颗粒呈液晶态,表现出结构有序的特征。正交偏光下,“蛋白质颗粒”显示出外区具强双折射的马尔它十字消光现象;以ＤＴＡ等方法测得,液晶态“蛋白质颗粒”在２６℃时可向各向同态转变,且具可逆性,由于“蛋白质颗粒”的大量存在,以ＳＡＸＳ直接测定脂肪体,证实中蜂蛹期体内营养细胞液晶态“蛋白质颗粒”的Ｂｒａｇｇ间距为４４Ａ,属于     

地塞米松和肺成纤维细胞对大鼠胎肺表面活性物质合成的影响

为提高ＤＥＸ对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（ＮＲＤＳ）的防治,本文研究了地塞米松（ＤＥＸ）促进肺表面活性物质（ＰＳ）合成的作用机制。用分离培养的２０天大鼠胚胎肺泡Ⅱ型细胞为材料,观察了单独用ＤＥＸ、用与不用ＤＥＸ刺激后的成纤维细胞条件培养液（ＤＥＸＦＣＭ、ＦＣＭ）对肺泡Ⅱ型细胞ＰＳ中磷脂合成及特异性肺表面活性物质蛋白质ＳＰＢ、ＳＰＣｍＲＮＡ表达的影响。结果表明,ＤＥＸ本身及未用ＤＥＸ刺激的ＦＣＭ对肺泡Ⅱ型细胞的上述三种指标均没有影响,而ＤＥＸ刺激后的ＤＥＸＦＣＭ使这三个指标有不同程度的增加效应。提示糖皮质激素刺激肺泡Ⅱ型细胞ＰＳ合成增加是由成纤维细胞介导的     

中国山西,广西美芒藻属两新种

中国山西、广西美芒藻属两新种谢树莲凌元洁（山西大学生命科学系太原０３０００６）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＣＯＭＰＳＯＰＯＧＯＮ（ＲＨＯＤＯＰＨＹＴＡ）ＦＲＯＭＳＨＡＮＸＩＡＮＤＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ,ＣＨＩＮＡＸＩＥＳｈｕＬｉａｎＬＩＮＧＹｕａｎＪ...     

黑龙江铜木蚜蝇雌性的描述

黑龙江铜木蚜蝇雌性的描述ＤＥＳＣＲＩＰＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＦＥＭＡＬＥＣＨＡＬＣＯＳＹＲＰＨＵＳ（ＸＹＬＯＴＯＭＩＭＡ）ＡＭＵＲＥＮＳＩＳ（ＳＴＡＣＫＥＬＢＥＲＧ）（ＤＩＰＴＥＲＡ：ＳＹＲＰＨＩＤＡＥ）￥ＨＥＪｉｌｏｎｇ;ＣＨＵＸｉｐｉｎｇ（Ｄｅｐａｒ...     

非离子型去垢剂Triton X—114提取两歧双歧杆菌的脂磷壁酸

本研究利用非离子型去垢剂Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１１４提取两歧双歧杆菌细胞壁的脂磷壁酸（ＬＴＡ）,ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｃｅｌ阴离子层垢后,Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１１４与ＬＴＡ分开为两个峰,收集ＬＴＡ洗脱峰,经紫外扫描、化学组分分析证实提取的ＬＴＡ无明显蛋白质、核酸污染。被动血球凝集试验结果显示,ＬＴＡ能自主粘附绵羊红血球,并能同抗ＬＴＡ抗体或抗两歧双歧杆菌抗体结合而使血球凝集。我们采用的方法是分离细胞壁ＬＴ     

植物的诱导抗病性

植物的诱导抗病性洪剑明邱泽生柴晓清（首都师范大学生物系,北京１０００３７）ＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＣＥＯＦＰＬＡＮＴＨｏｎｇＪｉａｎ－ｍｉｎｇＱｉｕＺｅ－ｓｈｅｎｇＣｈａｉＸｉａｏ－ｑｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｇ...     

植物学教学中的卵菌分类地位

植物学教学中的卵菌分类地位钟恒（中山大学生物系,广州５１０２７５）ＴＨＥＴＡＸＯＮＯＭＩＣＳＴＡＴＵＳＯＦＯＯＭＹＣＥＴＥＳＩＮＴＨＥＢＯＴＡＮＩＣＡＬＴＥＡＣＨＩＮＧＺｈｏｎｇＨｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｇｙ,ＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＵｎ...     

水分胁迫条件下谷子抗旱生理特性的研究

水分胁迫条件下谷子抗旱生理特性的研究程林梅阎继耀张原根张和（山西省农业科学院作物遗传研究所,太原０３００３１）ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＤＲＯＵＧＨＴＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＴＰＨＹＳＩＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＦＯＸＴＡＩＬＭＩＬＬＥＴＵＮＤ...     

D—半乳糖对神经元和成纤维细胞拟老化作用的实验研究

实验用体内、外相结合的方法,观察了Ｄ－半乳糖（Ｄ－ｇａｌａｃｔｏｓｅ,Ｄ－ｇａｌ．）对细胞的促老化作用。结果表明,Ｄ－ｇａｌ使培养大鼠胎脑神经元出现生长发育缓慢、突起脱落、死亡率增高等退行性变;大鼠肺成纤维细胞的体外分裂代数减少;人胎儿肺二倍体成纤维细胞（ＨＢＳ）分裂周期中Ｇ２－Ｍ期细胞减少、Ｇ－Ｇ１期细胞增加、ＤＮＡ含量下降,细胞增殖速度减慢;大鼠胎脑神经细胞和ＨＢＳ中ＳＯＤ含量降低,丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）水平升高,这些结果与次黄瞟呤（ＨＰＸ）－黄瞟呤氧化酶（ＸＯＤ）系统产生的超氧阴离子自由基（Ｏ－２·）作用一致。提示,Ｄ－ｇａｌ抑制细胞生长发育和分裂繁殖,加速细胞老化,其机理可能与Ｏ－２·等活性氧（ＲＯＳ）过荷引起的脂质过氧化有关。     

植被类型图的绘制——以西藏植被图为例

植被类型图的绘制———以西藏植被图为例田新智（中国科学院植物研究所,北京１０００９３）ＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＩＮＤＲＡＷＩＮＧＭＡＰＯＦＶＥＧＥＴＡＴＩＯＮＴＹＰＥＴｉａｎＸｉｎｚｈｉ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎｙ,ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳ...     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Separation of the pineal vesicle from the wall of the third ventricle during the post-hatching development of the chicken

Summary According to light- and electron-microscopic observations the pineal organ of the 3-day-old chicken consists of a prominent end vesicle and a tapering parenchymal stalk. During this stage the pineal lumen is in open communication with the third ventricle. However, in the 40-day-old chicken, which still possesses a well-developed end vesicle, the proximal portion of the pineal stalk displays regressive changes leading to local fragmentation. At this stage the pineal stalk is reduced, and the pineal lumen is missing. In 1-year-old chickens the parenchyma of the proximal portion of the stalk is further diminished, and in 3-year-old domestic fowl is completely displaced by bundles of collagenous fibers, only some nerve fibers being present. This post-hatching pineal development may reflect the sequence of changes leading from pineal sense organs to pineal glands.This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan