辣椒根际促生菌的分离筛选及抗病促生特性研究

获得辣椒根际促生菌(Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)并探究其抗病促生特性。采用固氮、无机磷和有机磷培养基从江苏省徐州市采集的辣椒根际土壤中分离筛选根际促生菌株(PGPR),通过形态特征及16S rDNA序列分析进行菌株鉴定,对菌株的固氮、解磷、分泌3-吲哚乙酸(IAA)能力及对4种辣椒病害病原菌抗病能力进行探究。得到13株辣椒PGPR菌株,经鉴定分别属于Bacillus、Pseudomonas、Lelliottia、Siccibacter、Achromobacter、Microbacterium和Paenibacillus;13株PGPR菌株均有固氮功能;其中7株可解有机磷,分别属于Lelliottia、Bacillus、Siccibacter、Microbacterium、Paenibacillus;5株可解无机磷,分别属于Lelliottia、Bacillus、Siccibacter、Pseudomonas;3株具有分泌IAA能力,分别属于Lelliottia、Siccibacter、Bacillus;5株具有抗病能力,分别属于Bacillus、Lelliottia、Siccibacter。辣椒根际土壤含有在农业生产上具有潜在的应用价值的多功能根际促生菌。     

植物根际促生菌的筛选及其对玉米的促生效应

[目的]以不同植物根及根际土壤为研究材料,进行植物根际促生菌(PGPR)的筛选,并探索其植物促生作用机制.[方法]以解磷、固氮、产氨、产IAA和拮抗3种常见病原真菌为筛选标准,测定了初筛菌株的多项促生能力,并通过对这些菌分别单独回接和多菌混接的玉米盆栽试验,测定了其对玉米的促生效应.[结果]从渭南、成阳、安康、商洛和榆林5地分离得到的158株菌中有17株茵具有上述多种植物促生作用的菌株.盆栽试验的测定结果表明:单独接种和多菌混合接种在玉米株高、根长、茎长、茎平均直径和干重方面与对照组相比较都有所增加,尤其是在多个指标上,多菌混合接种所显示出的促生效应均明显优于单菌接种.[结论]所筛选到的具有多种促生能力的菌株,可以为进一步构建植物根际促生菌(PGPR)菌群提供良好的种质资源.     

植物根际促生菌的筛选及鉴定

【目的】植物根际促生菌(PGPR)和植物的互作关系往往不稳定,PGPR菌群有可能提高菌株对野外环境的适应性。为此,本文根据PGPR促生机制的多样性,从不同植物根际土壤进行了PGPR的筛选及鉴定。【方法】首先,按照固氮、解磷、解钾、拮抗6种常见病原真菌,同时能在植物根际定殖为基本初筛标准,然后在实验室条件下测定初筛菌株的多项促生能力(PGP),最后通过生理生化试验和16SrRNA基因序列分析对所筛菌株进行鉴定。【结果】从江苏扬州、盐城等地土壤样品筛选出14株PGPR,具有体外抑菌、产NH3、产IAA、产HCN、产嗜铁素、解磷、溶钾、固氮以及产抗生素等促生能力。分类鉴定结果显示:7株属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、3株属于类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、2株为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、1株为布克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia)、1株为欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)。【结论】所筛细菌具有多种促生能力,且能在根际定殖,为进一步构建多功能PGPR广适菌群提供菌株资源。     

植物根际促生菌作用机制研究进展

植物在生长过程中可能会遭受许多生物和非生物因素胁迫,从而降低生物产量. 人们已知一些植物在不同因素的刺激诱导下,能系统化建立抵抗或忍受不利因素的机制,植物根际促生菌（PGPR）就是其中一类能定殖于根系并促进植物生长的细菌.本文对PGPR促生机制进行归纳和总结,系统阐述了诱导体系抗性和诱导体系产生忍耐力两大促生机制.PGPR的作用机制的多样性暗示着其可能在更多的农业生态系统中得到应用.     

根际促生菌提高植物抗盐碱性的研究进展

土壤盐碱化已成为限制作物生长及产量的主要因素之一,严重制约农业的发展。提高作物的抗盐碱性,为提高我国农业持续高效发展奠定基础。从根际促生菌研究现状入手,介绍耐盐碱根际促生菌(Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)的多样性。综述根际促生菌诱导植物建立抵抗或忍耐盐碱胁迫的机制,主要是通过产生植物激素、1-氨基-环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)脱氨酶、抗氧化防御物质、渗透调节物质、胞外多糖及挥发性化合物等生理活性物质,改变植物生理及物质代谢水平;另外,一些PGPR通过调节植物盐碱抗性相关基因及蛋白的表达,增强植物抗盐碱能力。通过对耐盐碱根际促生菌及其与植物互作进行展望,为大规模利用根际促生菌缓解盐碱土壤中植物的盐胁迫损伤、增加产量提供重要参考。     

玉米根际高效溶磷菌的筛选、鉴定及促生效应研究

为获得玉米根际高效溶磷促生菌(Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)并明确其促生特性,采用选择培养方法从玉米根际土壤筛选出优良PGPR 菌株,测定其溶磷及分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)的能力,并对优良菌株进行鉴定;采用盆栽试验研究菌株的促生作用。结果分离到2 株优良PGPR 菌株CH07和FD11,其溶磷量分别为368.5 mg/L和321.5 mg/L,产IAA量分别为30.93 mg/L和15.93 mg/L。形态学特征、生理生化特征和16S rDNA 序列分析结果表明,CH07为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus aryabhattai),FD11为链霉菌属(Streptomyces maritimus)。最后通过盆栽试验对这2株细菌分离物的促生效果进行比较,结果发现,CH07、FD11,尤其是CH07与FD11的复合物,对苋菜的株高及地上部鲜重有积极作用,可作为研制生物肥料的优良菌株资源。     

柽柳根际一株盐单胞菌Bachu 26的分离、鉴定及其盐胁迫下的促生作用研究

盐渍化是世界性的土壤问题,植物促生根际细菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)在盐碱地改良和促进植物生长方面具有独特优势。柽柳是典型的盐生植物,筛选其根际微生物并研究其促生效果与促生机制,以此开发微生物菌肥,具有重要的应用价值。【目的】筛选耐盐碱植物柽柳的根际微生物,对其基本特性、耐盐碱能力、促生功能及促生效果进行评估。【方法】从新疆巴楚境内野生柽柳根际土壤中筛选出一株耐盐碱细菌菌株Bachu 26;通过形态学观察、生理生化特性测定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,对该菌株进行鉴定;利用不同盐浓度(0%–20%)和不同pH(7.0–13.0),对菌株Bachu 26的耐盐耐碱能力进行测定;采用多种功能鉴定培养基测定其促生功能,并对生长素吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)进行定量测定;通过二分格培养皿实验验证菌株产生挥发性酸性物质的能力;在普通培养皿上将拟南芥幼苗与菌株Bachu 26共培养,分析菌株对拟南芥幼苗的促生作用;在二分格培养皿上将拟南芥与Bachu 26隔离培养,分析菌株产生的挥发性酸性物质对拟南芥幼...     

烤烟根际烟碱降解细菌的多样性及其促生特性分析

【背景】挖掘兼具烟碱降解和植物根际促生细菌(Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria,PGPR)功能的细菌资源,有助于保护土壤质量,实现绿色种植。【目的】分析烤烟根际细菌多样性,筛选可降解高浓度烟碱的PGPR。【方法】采用纯培养法在选择性培养基上分离烟碱降解细菌。通过BOXA1R-PCR分析技术、16SrRNA基因测序及系统发育树构建,对菌株的遗传多样性和分类学地位进行分析。进一步评价了菌株的吲哚乙酸(Indole-3-Acetic Acid,IAA)活性、溶磷能力、病原菌拮抗能力等PGPR指标,以筛选出高效PGPR,最后通过盆栽试验验证其促生效果。【结果】分离得到58株烟碱降解细菌,根据BOXA1R-PCR指纹图谱选取11株菌进行16S rRNA基因序列测定,结果表明,58株菌分别属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、拉乌尔菌属(Raoultella)和短波单胞菌属(Brevundimonas)4个属,以芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为优势菌属。58株细菌中48.28%的菌株可产IAA,27.59%具备溶磷能力,37.93%具备纤维素降解能力,G2-13、G2-3及HT2-8因促生与抗病特性突出而被筛选为目标功能菌。盆栽试验结果表明,G2-13菌株对幼苗生长的促进作用明显,可使株高与地上部鲜重分别增加33.05%与53.32%。【结论】烤烟根际存在较为丰富多样的烟碱降解细菌,它们在种植业上具有潜在的应用价值。     

樱桃根际促生细菌

微生物肥料通过其中所含微生物的生命活动,产生有益于植物生长的物质,可使土壤中无效营养有效化,可将植物无法利用的土壤、有机肥中的物质分解为可供作物生长所利用的营养成分,这样不仅使有机肥的优势得以充分发挥,还能提高化肥的利用率,减少化肥使用量。接种微生物肥料,被普遍认为是一项环境友好、经济有效、提高农林产品产量和品质的技术措施。果树、蔬菜、中草药、苗木花卉等经济作物以及部分大田作物普遍存在严重的连作障碍问题,植物根系发育不良、土传病害加重等,利用化肥、农药等化学措施不能从根本上解决这些问题。研究与实践表明,利用植物根际促生细菌(Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)解决作物的连作障碍问题是一条行之有效的途径。本刊2012年第12期刊登了陈波、杜秉海等的文章"樱桃根际促生细菌的筛选与鉴定"[1]。作者从樱桃根际土壤中筛选具有良好应用潜力的细菌分离物。利用盆栽试验,验证其促生效果。对促生效果较好的细菌分离物,进行形态学观察、生理生化测定、16S rRNA基因序列及系统发育树分析以确定其分类地位。筛选出4株(AI5、AI21、PII17、PI7)具有良好应用潜力的细菌分离物,盆栽试验结果表明对樱桃生长有明显的促进作用。该研究对于开发樱桃专用PGPR制剂,促进樱桃根系发育和养分吸收,提高樱桃抗逆性等具有重要实践意义;同时为进一步研究相关菌株在樱桃根际定殖规律以及与樱桃的互作机制奠定了基础。在生物肥料的生产中具有广阔的应用前景。近年来该研究团队先后开展了利用GFP标记菌株,研究其在樱桃根际的定殖动态[2],菌株发酵条件优化[3]、吸附载体筛选及储存试验[4]、田间示范试验等[5-8]。发表相关论文6篇,获得职务发明专利授权2项、实用新型专利1项,获得农业部微生物肥料登记证1个,以该研究为主要内容的"经济林木新型生物肥料研究与开发"课题于2013年通过山东省科技厅组织的成果鉴定。但这并不意味着樱桃生物肥料开发成功。不同的环境条件,诸如气象、土壤性质或其他土著微生物活力等均会对细菌生长造成影响,成功的实验室试验并不一定在田间原位能成功,希望将来能针对不同作物筛选和培育高效优良微生物功能菌株,扩大菌种资源库,确定多菌株组合,改进复合菌剂生产工艺,尽早产业化。     

植物根际促生菌（PGPR）的研究与应用前景

植物土传病害难以防治,植物根际促生菌(plant growth—promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)的深入研究和发展为解决这一难题展现了诱人的前景．PGPR能够高密度地在植物根际定殖,兼有抑制植物病原菌、根际有害微生物,以及促进植物生长并增加作物产量的作用,更重要的是有些PGPR能够诱导植物产生系统抗性(induced systemic resistance,ISR),从而提高植物整体的抗病能力．近20年来,国外这一领域的研究十分活跃,已有很多成功应用的PGPR产品,国内应大力加强基础与应用的研究,并推进其产业化的发展．     

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria reduce adverse effects of salinity and osmotic stress by regulating phytohormones and antioxidants in Cucumis sativus

We assessed the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains viz. Burkholdera cepacia SE4, Promicromonospora sp. SE188 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus SE370 in counteracting salinity and drought stress to cucumber plants. The control plants had stunted growth, while PGPR-treated plants had significantly higher biomass and chlorophyll contents under salinity and drought stress. The ameliorative effects of PGPR-application were also evidenced by the increased water potential and decreased electrolytic leakage. The PGPR-applied plants had reduced sodium ion concentration, while the potassium and phosphorus were abundantly present as compared to control under stress. Oxidative stress was mitigated by PGPR through reduced activities of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and total polyphenol as compared to control. The control plants showed up-regulation of stress-responsive abscisic acid as compared to PGPR application, while salicylic acid and gibberellin 4 were significantly higher in PGPR. In conclusion, the PGPR application might be used in marginalized agricultural lands to increase crop productivity.     

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, rhizosphere engineering, production of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), quorum sensing (QS) signal interference and inhibition of biofilm formation, phytohormone production, exhibiting antifungal activity, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), induction of systemic resistance, promoting beneficial plant-microbe symbioses, interference with pathogen toxin production etc. The potentiality of PGPR in agriculture is steadily increased as it offers an attractive way to replace the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other supplements. Growth promoting substances are likely to be produced in large quantities by these rhizosphere microorganisms that influence indirectly on the overall morphology of the plants. Recent progress in our understanding on the diversity of PGPR in the rhizosphere along with their colonization ability and mechanism of action should facilitate their application as a reliable component in the management of sustainable agricultural system. The progress to date in using the rhizosphere bacteria in a variety of applications related to agricultural improvement along with their mechanism of action with special reference to plant growth-promoting traits are summarized and discussed in this review.     

Applications of free living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Free-living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used in a variety of ways when plant growth enhancements are required. The most intensively researched use of PGPR has been in agriculture and horticulture. Several PGPR formulations are currently available as commercial products for agricultural production. Recently developing areas of PGPR usage include forest regeneration and phytoremediation of contaminated soils. As the mechanisms of plant growth promotion by these bacteria are unravelled, the possibility of more efficient plant-bacteria pairings for novel and practical uses will follow. The progress to date in using PGPR in a variety of applications with different plants is summarized and discussed here.     

Screening plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat

AIMS: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are commonly used as inoculants for improving the growth and yield of agricultural crops, however screening for the selection of effective PGPR strains is very critical. This study focuses on the screening of effective PGPR strains on the basis of their potential for in vitro auxin production and plant growth promoting activity under gnotobiotic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: A large number of bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat plants grown at different sites. Thirty isolates showing prolific growth on agar medium were selected and evaluated for their potential to produce auxins in vitro. Colorimetric analysis showed variable amount of auxins (ranging from 1.1 to 12.1 mg l-1) produced by the rhizobacteria in vitro and amendment of the culture media with l-tryptophan (l-TRP), further stimulated auxin biosynthesis (ranging from 1.8 to 24.8 mg l-1). HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole acetamide (IAM) as the major auxins in the culture filtrates of these rhizobacteria. A series of laboratory experiments conducted on two cv. of wheat under gnotobiotic (axenic) conditions demonstrated increases in root elongation (up to 17.3%), root dry weight (up to 13.5%), shoot elongation (up to 37.7%) and shoot dry weight (up to 36.3%) of inoculated wheat seedlings. Linear positive correlation (r = 0.99) between in vitro auxin production and increase in growth parameters of inoculated seeds was found. Based upon auxin biosynthesis and growth-promoting activity, four isolates were selected and designated as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Auxin biosynthesis in sterilized vs nonsterilized soil inoculated with selected PGPR was also monitored that revealed superiority of the selected PGPR over indigenous microflora. Peat-based seed inoculation with selected PGPR isolates exhibited stimulatory effects on grain yields of tested wheat cv. in pot (up to 14.7% increase over control) and field experiments (up to 27.5% increase over control); however, the response varied with cv. and PGPR strains. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the strain, which produced the highest amount of auxins in nonsterilized soil, also caused maximum increase in growth and yield of both the wheat cv. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: This study suggested that potential for auxin biosynthesis by rhizobacteria could be used as a tool for the screening of effective PGPR strains.     

Genetic diversity of cultivable plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Korea

To elucidate the biodiversity of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Korea, 7,638 bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of plant species growing in many different regions were screened. A large number of PGPR were identified by testing the ability of each isolate to promote the growth of cucumber seedlings. After redundant rhizobacteria were removed via amplified rDNA restriction analysis, 90 strains were finally selected as PGPR. On the basis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences, 68 Gram-positive (76%) and 22 Gram-negative (24%) isolates were assigned to 21 genera and 47 species. Of these genera, Bacillus (32 species) made up the largest complement, followed by Paenibacillus (19) and Pseudomonas (11). Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the Grampositive PGPR fell into two categories: low- and high- G+C (Actinobacteria) strains. The Gram-negative PGPR were distributed in three categories: alpha-proteobacteria, beta- proteobacteria, and gamma-proteobacteria. To our knowledge, this is the largest screening study designed to isolate diverse PGPR. The enlarged understanding of PGPR genetic diversity provided herein will expand the knowledge base regarding beneficial plant-microbe interactions. The outcome of this research may have a practical effect on crop production methodologies.     

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria affect the growth and nutrient uptake of Fraxinus americana container seedlings

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are important catalysts that regulate the functional properties of agricultural systems. However, there is little information on the effect of PGPR inoculation on the growth and nutrient accumulation of forest container seedlings. This study determined the effects of a growth medium inoculated with PGPR on the nutrient uptake, nutrient accumulation, and growth of Fraxinus americana container seedlings. PGPR inoculation with fertilizer increased the dry matter accumulation of the F. americana aerial parts with delayed seedling emergence time. Under fertilized conditions, the accumulation time of phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) in the F. americana aerial parts was 13 days longer due to PGPR inoculation. PGPR increased the maximum daily P and K accumulations in fertilized seedlings by 9.31 and 10.44 %, respectively, but had little impact on unfertilized ones. Regardless of fertilizer application, the root exudates, namely sugars, amino acids, and organic acids significantly increased because of PGPR inoculation. PGPR inoculation with fertilizer increased the root, shoot, and leaf yields by 19.65, 22.94, and 19.44 %, respectively, as well as the P and K contents by 8.33 and 10.60 %, respectively. Consequently, the N, P, and K uptakes increased by 19.85, 31.97, and 33.95 %, respectively. Hence, PGPR inoculation with fertilizer can be used as a bioenhancer for plant growth and nutrient uptake in forest container seedling nurseries.     

Hydrocarbon utilization by nodule bacteria and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Standard and locally isolated nodule bacteria and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were grown on crude oil and individual pure hydrocarbons as sole sources of carbon and energy. The nodule bacteria included two standard Rhizobium leguminosarum strains, two standard Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains, and one unknown nodule bacterial strain that was locally isolated from Vicia faba nodules. The PGPR included one standard Serratia liquefaciens strain and two locally isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Flavobacterium sp. The pure hydrocarbons tested included n-alkanes with chain lengths from C9 to C40 and the aromatic hydrocarbons benzene, biphenyle, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and toluene. Quantitative gas liquid chromatographic analyses confirmed that pure cultures of representative nodule bacteria and PGPR could attenuate n-octadecane and phenanthrene in the surrounding nutrient medium. Further, intact nodules of V. faba containing bacteria immobilized on and within those nodules reduced hydrocarbon levels in a medium in which those nodules were shaken. It was concluded that legume crops are suitable phytoremediation tools for oily soil, since they enrich such soils not only with fixed nitrogen, but also with hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms. Further, legume nodules may have biotechnological value as materials for cleaning oily liquid wastes.     

Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Although plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been reported to influence plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake by an array of mechanisms, the specific traits by which PGPR promote plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake were limited to the expression of one or more of the traits expressed at a given environment of plant–microbe interaction. We selected nine different isolates of PGPR from a pool of 233 rhizobacterial isolates obtained from the peanut rhizosphere on the basis of ACC-deaminase activity. The nine isolates were selected, initially, on the basis of germinating seed bioassay in which the root length of the seedling was enhanced significantly over the untreated control. All the nine isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp. Four of these isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2, PGPR4 and PGPR7 (all fluorescent pseudomonads), were the best in producing siderophore and indole acetic acid (IAA). In addition to IAA and siderophore-producing attributes, Pseudomonas fluorescens PGPR1 also possessed the characters like tri-calcium phosphate solubilization, ammonification and inhibited Aspergillus niger and A. flavus in vitro. P. fluorescens PGPR2 differed from PGPR1 in the sense that it did not show ammonification. In addition to the traits exhibited by PGPR1, PGPR4 showed strong in vitro inhibition to Sclerotium rolfsii. The performances of these selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial isolates were repeatedly evaluated for 3 years in pot and field trials. Seed inoculation of these three isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, resulted in a significantly higher pod yield than the control, in pots, during rainy and post-rainy seasons. The contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil, shoot and kernel were also enhanced significantly in treatments inoculated with these rhizobacterial isolates in pots during both the seasons. In the field trials, however, there was wide variation in the performance of the PGPR isolates in enhancing the growth and yield of peanut in different years. Plant growth-promoting fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, significantly enhanced pod yield (23–26%, 24–28% and 18–24%, respectively), haulm yield and nodule dry weight over the control in 3 years. Other attributes like root length, pod number, 100-kernel mass, shelling out-turn and nodule number were also enhanced. Seed bacterization with plant growth-promoting P. fluorescens isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, suppressed the soil-borne fungal diseases like collar rot of peanut caused by A. niger and PGPR4 also suppressed stem rot caused by S. rolfsii. Studies on the growth patterns of PGPR isolates utilizing the seed leachate as the sole source of C and N indicated that PGPR4 isolate was the best in utilizing the seed leachate of peanut, cultivar JL24. Studies on the rhizosphere competence of the PGPR isolates, evaluated on the basis of spontaneous rifampicin resistance, indicated that PGPR7 was the best rhizoplane colonizer and PGPR1 was the best rhizosphere colonizer. Although the presence of growth-promoting traits in vitro does not guarantee that an isolate will be plant growth promoting in nature, results suggested that besides ACC-deaminase activity of the PGPR isolates, expression of one or more of the traits like suppression of phytopathogens, solubilization of tri-calcium phosphate, production of siderophore and/or nodulation promotion might have contributed to the enhancement of growth, yield and nutrient uptake of peanut.     

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria isolation from rhizosphere of submerged macrophytes and their growth-promoting effect on Vallisneria natans under high sediment organic matter load

Sediment organic matter is a key stressor for submerged macrophyte growth, which negatively impacts the ecological restoration of lakes. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were screened from the rhizosphere of submerged macrophytes and used due to their promoting effect on Vallisneria natans under a high sediment organic matter load. Root exudates were used as the sole carbon source to obtain the root affinity strains. Eight isolates were selected from the 61 isolated strains, based on the P solubilization, IAA production, cytokinins production and ACC deaminase activity. The analysis of the 16S rDNA indicated that one strain was Staphylococcus sp., while the other seven bacterial strains were Bacillus sp. They were all listed in low-risk groups for safety use in agricultural practices. The plant height significantly increased after inoculation with PGPR strains, with the highest rate of increase reaching 96%. This study provides an innovative technique for recovering submerged macrophytes under sediment organic matter stress.