携带肺吸虫尾蚴的淡水螺类一新属二新种记述

近年来我国肺吸虫病的防治工作深入开展,引起人们对于寄生虫病流行区的某些淡水螺类,特别是对一些微小螺类的注意。福建及湖南两省1976年分别进行肺吸虫病调查时所采获的,并已查到肺吸虫尾蚴的螺类,经我们分析鉴定为二新种,隶属于觿螺科拟小豆螺属(新属)及小豆螺属。兹分别叙述如下。     

中国小豆螺属一新种描述

小豆螺是一种微小的淡水螺类,属于觿螺科(Hydrobiidae),小豆螺属(Bythinella)。该属首次报道于欧洲(Ehrmann,1933)5,后曾在日本发现6,7,10,12,近年又在我国湖南(刘月英等,1979)、湖北(康在彬,1983)等省发现。其中有些种类是并殖吸虫(Paragonimus)的第一中间宿主2-4,8,9,因此,引起了寄生虫学家和医学贝类学家的极大关注。本文报告小豆螺属一新种,定名为李氏小豆螺(Bythinella lii,sp.nov.)。       

石门拟小豆螺——携带肺吸虫尾蚴的湖南淡水螺类一新种

湖南省石门县卫生防疫站于1979年10月在湘北石门县肺吸虫病疫区现场查获体内有短尾肺吸虫尾蚴寄生的小螺类。经分析鉴定,系隶属于觽螺科(Hydrobiidae)拟小豆螺属(Pseudobythinella)的新种,兹描述于下。     

中国小豆螺属一新种描述

小豆螺是一种微小的淡水螺类,属于 螺科(Hydrobiidae),小豆螺属(Bythinella)。该属首次报道于欧洲(Ehrmann,1933),后曾在日本发现,近年又在我国湖南(刘月英等,1979)、湖北(康在彬,1983)等省发现。其中有些种类是并殖吸虫(Paragonimus)的第一中间宿主,因此,引起了寄生虫学家和医学贝类学家的极大关注。     

中国拟钉螺属两新种记述(中腹足目,盖口螺科)

报道了采自福建省建瓯市和华安县的拟钉螺属Tricula2新种,分别命名为建瓯拟钉螺T.jianouensis sp.nov.和华安拟钉螺T.huaanensis sp.nov.,并与近似种福建拟钉螺比较。上述两种螺类,均为斯氏并殖吸虫第1中间宿主。     

中国光螺属一新种记述(肺螺亚纲,柄眼目,拟阿勇蛞蝓科)

在整理陕西师范大学生命科学学院许升全先生赠送的陆生贝类标本时,经鉴定发现1新种,即太白山光螺Xesta taibaishanensis sp.nov..隶属腹足纲、肺螺亚纲、柄眼目、拟阿勇蛞蝓科、光螺属.对新种形态特征、栖息环境进行了记述,并与近似种进行了比较和讨论.     

拟钉螺属一新种——宁海拟钉螺

浙江省宁海县卫生防疫站于1983年8月在进行肺吸虫病调查时,发现一种小螺,经鉴定为拟钉螺属一新种,现描述如下: 宁海拟钉螺,新种Tricula ninghaiensis,sp.nov.(图1—3) 贝壳小型,外形呈尖圆锥形。有6个螺层,各螺层缓慢均匀增长;壳顶钝圆,壳顶及其     

四川拟锥螺属一新种记述(腹足纲:肺螺亚纲:柄眼目:巴蜗牛科)

记述采自四川南充拟锥螺属蜗牛1新种,南充拟锥螺Pseudobuliminus (Pseudobuliminus)nanchongensis sp.nov。新种贝壳与Pseudobuliminus(Pseudobuliminus)piligerus(Moellendorff,1899)相近,但前者螺壳细长,矢囊相对小,受精囊管细长,正模,成螺,四川省南充新建乡,1964-05-20;副模,15只成螺,同正模,模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

基于SSR标记分析小豆及其近缘植物的遗传关系

本研究利用87对SSR引物分析了80份栽培小豆(Vigna angularis)、22份野生小豆(V.angularis var.nipponensis)以及10份豇豆属(共7个种)近缘植物,旨在比较豇豆属不同种的遗传多样性,并分析种间的遗传关系.结果显示87对SSR引物在112份小豆及其近缘植物资源中共检测到667个等位变异.其中有75个、71个和82个SSR位点分别在栽培小豆、野生小豆和近缘植物中表现为多态.随机抽样分析发现,平均每SSR位点检测到的等位变异数目为近缘植物>野生小豆>栽培小豆,与多态信息含量(PIC)值一致,说明近缘植物及野生小豆中蕴含着丰富的遗传变异,是栽培小豆育种的重要基因来源.聚类分析显示,栽培小豆、野生小豆和近缘植物间的遗传分化比较明显,分别聚为三大类,其中栽培小豆的遗传背景与其生态环境相对应;近缘植物又可以分为三个亚类,亚类间的遗传距离与其亲缘关系相对应.本研究结果也说明利用SSR标记辅助豇豆属的种间分类是可行的.     

不同品种小豆光合作用和生长发育对弱光的响应

为确定小豆作为林果行间套种作物的适宜性,通过田间试验和盆栽试验,测定全光和弱光处理(全光的48%)下3个小豆品种(阜南绿小豆、早熟黑小豆、晚熟黑小豆)在初花期的叶片光合特征参数、光合色素含量和RuBPCase活性,研究小豆生长发育对弱光的响应.结果表明: 弱光使3个品种小豆叶片的最大净光合速率、光饱和点、光补偿点等光合参数不同程度地向耐荫的方向变化,净光合速率、水分利用效率和RuBPCase活性也显著下降;遮阴后,阜南绿小豆的叶绿素a和b含量显著增加,Chl a/b和类胡萝卜素含量显著降低,其他小豆的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量无明显变化;弱光使3个品种小豆的生物量和干物质积累效率降低,根冠比降低,根瘤量减少,叶片数和叶面积指数减小;弱光胁迫下,阜南绿小豆提前开花、提前成熟,早熟黑小豆推迟开花、延迟成熟,而晚熟黑小豆只开花不结实.从遮阴后小豆的光合特性变化和生长发育差异等方面综合考虑,3个小豆品种的耐阴能力大小为:阜南绿小豆>早熟黑小豆>晚熟黑小豆.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).