新疆荒漠植物的锈菌Ⅰ.豆科和藜科植物上的单胞锈菌

报道了采自新疆塔里木盆地和准格尔盆地荒漠植物豆科和藜科植物上寄生的单胞锈菌20个种.寄生在疏花骆驼刺 Alhagi sparsifolia 上的骆驼刺单胞锈菌 Uromyces alhaginis、寄生在木地肤 Kochia prostrata 上的地肤单胞锈菌 Uromyces kochiae 和寄生在苦马豆 Swainsonia salsula 上的苦马豆单胞锈菌Uromyces sphaerophysae 为中国新记录;寄生在新疆沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus nanus 上的欧黄华单胞锈菌Uromyces anagyridis 和寄生在长豇豆 Vigna sesquipedalis 上的豇豆单胞锈菌 Uromyces vignae 为新疆新记录;盐穗木Halostachyscaspica和小蓬Nanophyton erinaceum为藜单胞锈菌Uromyces chenopodii的新寄主.所有研究标本保存在新疆农业大学真菌标本室(HMACC).     

中国单胞锈菌属新资料

本文报告我国单胞锈菌属3个新记录,即寄生在旋叶香青Anaphalis contorts Hook.f.上的美丽单胞锈菌Uromyces amoenus Syd.,寄生在亮叶茉莉Jasminum seguinii Levl.上的霍布森单胞锈菌Uromyces hobsoni Vine及寄生在乳浆大戟Euphorbia esula L.上的细纹单胞锈菌Uromyces striatellus Tranz..标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国单胞锈菌属若干种的订正

对我国5种单胞锈菌的名称作了订正。有4种是我国的新记录,即异形单胞锈菌(Uromyces aberrans,假木贼单胞锈菌U.anabasis,异芒菊单胞锈菌U.blainvilleae和盐角草单胞锈菌U.salicorniae。基于无性型标本描述的芽单胞锈菌Uromyces gemmatus被改订为巴西单胞锈菌Uromyces brasiliensis。     

中国单胞锈菌属若干种的订正

对我国5种单胞锈菌的名称作了订正。有4种是我国的新记录,即异形单胞锈菌Uromycesaberrans,假木贼单胞锈菌U.anabasis,异芒菊单胞锈菌U.blainvilleae和盐角草单胞锈菌U.salicorniae。基于无性型标本描述的芽单胞锈菌Uromycesgemmatus被改订为巴西单胞锈菌Uromycesbrasiliensis。     

中国西北地区锈菌补记

报道了柄锈菌科4个中国新记录,它们是:大西洋胶锈菌Gymnosporangium atlanticum、多被银莲花柄锈菌Puccinia anemones-raddeanae、隐秘柄锈菌Puccinia aphanicondra和旱金莲单胞锈菌Uromyces tropaeoli。每个种的形态特征描述和线条图是基于本国标本。附有简要讨论。     

豆科植物上单胞锈菌属—新变种和—中国新记录种（英文）

报道了豆科植物上单胞锈菌属1新变种和中国1新记录种。达乌里黄耆Astragalus dahuricus上的斑点单胞锈菌达乌里黄耆变种Uromyces punctatus var.dahuricus为新变种;山岩黄耆Hedysarum alpinum上的八岳山单胞锈菌Uromyces yatsugatakensis为中国新记录种。提供了详细的形态描述和线条图。研究标本保存在赤峰学院菌物标本室(CFSZ)和中国科学院菌物标本馆(HMAS)。     

侵染铁筷子的单胞锈菌一新种

描述了寄生于铁筷子Helleborus thibetanus(毛茛科)的单胞锈菌属一新种Uromyces hellebori-thibetani.本种冬孢子表面具不规则粗疣,与广布北温带Aconitum上的Uromyces lycoctoni及欧洲Rammculus上的U.ficariae和U.fischerianus明显不同。后三个种的冬孢子表面均为光滑。北美洲Ranunculus上的U.jonesii的冬孢子与本种的相似,但它是个短生活史的种,生活史中不产生夏孢子。     

侵染铁筷子的单胞锈菌一新种

描述了寄生于铁筷子Helleborus thibetanus (毛茛科)的单胞锈菌属一新种Uromyces hellebori-thibetani. 本种冬孢子表面具不规则粗疣,与广布北温带Aconitum上的Uromyces lycoctoni及欧洲Ranunculus上的U. ficariae和U. fischerianus明显不同。后三个种的冬孢子表面均为光滑。北美洲Ranunculus上的U. jonesii的冬孢子与本种的相似,但它是个短生活史的种,生活史中不产生夏孢子。     

中国海南省锈菌资料补编

补充记载了采自海南省的9种锈菌。甲竹Bambusa remotiflora上的华南柄锈菌Puccinia austrosinensis、大花紫薇Lagerstroemia speciosa上的紫薇夏孢锈菌Uredo lagerstroemiae和海南薯Ipomoea sumatrana上的宽乳单胞锈菌Uromyces latimammatus为新种;厚叶素馨Jasminum pentaneurum上的巴氏查科锈菌Chaconia butleri、猪肚木Canthium horridum上的鱼骨木驼孢锈菌Hemileia canthii、牛筋果Harrisonia perforata上的牛筋果无眠多胞锈菌Kuehneola harrisoniae、毛咀签Gouania javanica上的椴叶咀签柄锈菌Puccinia gouaniae-tiliaefoliae、蒲桃Syzygium jambos上的番石榴柄锈菌Puccinia psidii以及象草Pennisetum purpureum上的钝叶草柄锈菌Puccinia stenotaphri为中国新记录。引证的标本均保存于中国科学院菌物标本馆（HMAS）。     

多胞锈菌属（锈菌目，多胞锈菌科）3新种和两中国新记录

报道了多胞锈菌属Phragmidium(多胞锈菌科Phragmidiaceae)的3个新种和两中国新记录。新种是采自香莓Rubus pungens var. oldhamii上的多隔多胞锈菌P.multiseptatum、采自峨眉蔷薇Rosa omeiensis上的粗壮多胞锈菌P. robustum以及采自华中悬钩子Rubus cockburnianus上的西藏多胞锈菌P. tibeticum。中国新记录是二花悬钩子Rubus biflorus和掌叶悬钩子R. pentagonus上的八室多胞锈菌P. octoloculare以及秀丽悬钩子Rubus amabilis、香莓R.pungens var.oldhamii、柔毛针刺悬钩子R.pungens var. villosus和西藏悬钩子R. thibetanus上的香莓多胞锈菌P. rubi-oldhami。     

梭梭锈菌新种

本文报告在新疆地区发现寄生在梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron(Mey.)Bge.)上的一锈菌新种——Uromyces sydowii,模式标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

Genetic Variation Among and Within Uromyces Species Infecting Legumes

Genetic variation of 30 different Uromyces isolates collected on faba bean, lentil, common vetch, pea, chickpea, alfalfa, cowpea and lupin was studied. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers were used showing clear differences among Uromyces species. Uromyces viciae-fabae isolates clustered according to the host, with a clear cluster including all U. viciae-fabae ex Vicia faba isolates. The U. viciae-fabae ex Lens culinaris isolate was the nearest to the cluster of U. viciae faba ex V. faba isolates, followed by U. pisi from Canada and U. viciae-fabae ex V. sativa . No association was found among molecular diversity and virulence or geographic origin within U. vicia-fabae ex V. faba isolates. Among the three U. pisi isolates considered, a great variability was observed and no grouping could be established. The most different isolate from the rest of species considered was U. striatus , followed by U. vignae . The two U. ciceris-arietini isolates clustered together and so did the two U. lupinicolus isolates.     

中国禾本科植物锈菌补遗

本文对中国禾本科植物锈菌增补了五种,其中两个新种:1、单穗拂子茅夏孢锈Uredo calamagrostidis-emodensis 2、多花剪股颖夏孢锈U. agrostidis-myrianthae;三个中国新记录:3、青篱竹柄锈Puccinia arundinariae 4、阿切尔单胞锈Uromyces archerianus 5、龙爪茅单胞锈U. dactyloctenii。每个种都有描述及附图。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

种间竞争梯度对白车轴草与其病原菌白车轴草单孢锈菌相互作用的影响（英文） 刘登义 Lars Ericson

 白车轴草(Trifolium repens)在与其病原菌白车轴草单孢锈菌(Uromyces trifolii-repentis)的长期相互作用中分化形成了抗病型(Resistance)无性系和易感型(Susceptibility)无性系。该研究工作旨在了解：1)在种间竞争不断增强的环境梯度中,抗病型无性系和易感型无性系的生长表现有何区别?2)在同样的实验条件下,分别对抗病型无性系和易感型无性系进行接种感染后,两者的生长表现又有何区别?在一严重感病的白车轴草自然种群中,分别标定17个抗病型无性系和14个易感     

Uromyces fabae: development, metabolism, and interactions with its host Vicia faba

This MiniReview is intended to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding cytological, physiological, and molecular aspects of Uromyces fabae. For almost five decades this rust fungus has served as a model system to gain insight into the features characterizing an obligate biotrophic parasite. While earlier studies mostly focused on cytological aspects, later studies were concerned with biochemical and molecular characteristics. Despite the fact that there is still no stable transformation system available for any obligate biotroph, recent molecular analyses have provided new insights into this highly sophisticated interaction of a fungus with its host.     

Shotgun identification of proteins from uredospores of the bean rust Uromyces appendiculatus

We are interested in learning more about the proteome of Uromyces appendiculatus, the fungus that causes common bean rust. Knowledge of the proteins that differentiate life-cycle stages and distinguish infectious bodies such as uredospores, germlings, appressoria, and haustoria may be used to define host-pathogen interactions or serve as targets for chemical inhibition of the fungus. We have used 2-D nanoflowLC-MS/MS to identify more than 400 proteins from asexual uredospores. A majority of the proteins appear to have roles in protein folding or protein catabolism. We present a model by which an abundance of heat shock proteins and translation elongation factors may enhance a spore's ability to survive environmental stresses and rapidly initiate protein production upon germination.     

Effect of some Environmental Factors on In Vitro Germination of Urediniospores and Infection of Lentils by Rust

For accurate lentil (Lens culinaris) rust phenotyping in controlled environments, conditions for infection should be optimized. Therefore, the effects of temperature on germination and germ tube growth of Uromyces viciae‐fabae, as well as the effect of different dew periods, were quantified. In all experiments urediniospores of a single‐pustule isolate were applied using a previously calibrated settling tower. After 3 h of incubation, a high percentage (≥80%) of spore germination was observed on 1.5% water agar at 10, 15, 20 and 25°C, with an optimum (99%) at 20°C. At this sampling time the length of germ tubes ranged from 66 μm (10°C) to 196 μm (20°C). Growth of germ tubes increased progressively from 10 to 20°C and then declined at 25°C. For minimum infection of lentil cultivar EL‐142 at 20°C, a dew period of at least 3 h was required, whereas maximum infection occurred with a dew period of 24 h. Infection efficiency increased linearly as the duration of dew period increased from 0 to 24 h. Regression models that best described the quantitative relationship between the environmental variables and growth of the pathogen and development of rust were derived empirically. Such models are of significance in optimizing studies of the particular pathosystem as well as eventual lentil rust prediction models.