可溶性泛素样特异性蛋白酶1的表达及活性鉴定

目的:高效可溶性表达泛素样特异性蛋白酶1(ULP1)。方法:根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏好性优化合成编码ULP1的基因片段序列,将其克隆到原核表达载体p GEX-6P-1中,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用0.5 mmol/L IPTG于37℃诱导表达8 h,观察重组蛋白ULP1的表达情况;优化诱导时间及IPTG浓度,并鉴定重组蛋白ULP1的生物学活性。结果:重组蛋白ULP1表达的最佳条件为37℃、0.1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导表达5 h,目的蛋白以可溶性表达为主;Western印迹结果表明,重组蛋白ULP1能够被His单克隆抗体识别,重组蛋白ULP1能够特异性酶切SUMO-GFP。结论:表达了具有生物学活性的SUMO蛋白酶ULP1。     

Thymidine Kinase 1(TK1)重组蛋白的表达、纯化及鉴定

为获得具有免疫原性的TK1重组蛋白。通过构建能够表达TK1蛋白的重组菌BL21-pET32a-TK1,采用大肠杆菌pET32a表达系统,优化IPTG浓度、诱导温度、诱导时间使BL21-pET32a-TK1重组菌表达目的蛋白的作用条件最佳。表达产物用镍离子亲和层析纯化获得TK1蛋白,并用SDS-PAGE和Western blot进行检测。用TK1重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备单克隆抗体,检测蛋白质免疫原性。实验结果表明,成功构建能够表达TK1蛋白的重组菌BL21-pET32aTK1,在37℃条件下,IPTG浓度为0.2mmol/L、诱导6h时重组蛋白TK1表达量最高。镍离子亲和层析梯度洗脱在80mmol/L咪唑条件下TK1蛋白纯度最大,灰度分析为87.3%,浓缩后蛋白质浓度为5.96mg/ml。用该蛋白质制备杂交瘤共获得10株稳定分泌TK1抗体的阳性单克隆细胞株,表明TK1重组蛋白具有较好的免疫原性。成功获得可溶性、抗原活性高、免疫原性强的TK1重组蛋白,为肿瘤科学及临床应用研究提供物质支撑。     

藻红蛋白的高效异源生物合成及其生物活性

[目的]实现藻红蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效生物合成。[方法]将藻红蛋白生物合成的多个基因构建到单一表达质粒上,质粒转化大肠杆菌后获得表达菌株,优化诱导物、诱导温度和诱导时长等发酵条件,利用亲和层析法分离纯化重组藻红蛋白,分析重组蛋白的光谱学性质与抗氧化活性。[结果]获得了高效生物合成藻红蛋白的大肠杆菌菌株,以乳糖为诱导物时最佳诱导条件为:2.0 g/L的乳糖、25℃下诱导28 h,藻红蛋白表达量达211.6 mg/L;以IPTG为诱导物时最佳诱导条件为:0.4 mmol/L的IPTG,在25℃条件下诱导28 h,藻红蛋白表达量达188.7 mg/L。藻红蛋白色基结合率达92.0%,OD555/OD280为8.0。[结论]成功实现了藻红蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效生物合成,重组藻红蛋白具有羟基自由基的清除活性。     

猪抵抗素(resistin)表达载体的构建、表达及表达产物的纯化鉴定

用PCR方法扩增到抵抗素基因(RSTN)并将其亚克隆至pET-32a(+)表达载体,获得重组质粒pET-RSTN.将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL-21(DE3)感受态细胞,用IPTG诱导表达.SDS-PAGE检测结果表明,重组resistin蛋白分子量大小约30kDa.对表达条件如温度、IPTG浓度及诱导时间进行优化并用SDS-PAGE检测.结果表明,30℃、4h、IPTG浓度为1mmol/L时,可溶性重组resistin的含量最高.表达产物经Western blot检测证实是Resistin蛋白,并用镍离子亲和层析的方法获得纯化的Resistin蛋白.     

人Nek2蛋白原核表达纯化及其多克隆抗体制备

目的:通过原核表达系统表达人Nek2蛋白,优化表达条件并纯化Nek2蛋白,制备抗Nek2多克隆抗体。方法:将Nek2基因片段构建到原核表达载体pET30a(+)上,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3);加入诱导剂IPTG诱导表达,对诱导温度、诱导剂IPTG终浓度、诱导时间等条件进行优化;利用12%SDS-PAGE后250mmol/L KCl染色切胶纯化蛋白质,将纯化后的Nek2蛋白进行质谱鉴定;纯化Nek2蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备多克隆抗体,运用ELISA、Western blot和免疫荧光实验检测多克隆抗体效价和特异性。结果:构建了pET30a(+)-Nek2重组原核表达质粒,诱导的重组人Nek2蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在;蛋白质的最适诱导表达条件为28℃,180r/min条件下加入终浓度为0. 2mmol/L IPTG诱导32h;质谱分析纯化后的蛋白质为Nek2蛋白,最终获得浓度为1. 35mg/ml纯化后的Nek2蛋白;纯化蛋白免疫小鼠,多克隆抗体效价大于1∶243 000,且具有良好的抗原特异性;免疫荧光实验显示Nek2主要定位于细胞质和细胞核。结论:利用重组人Nek2蛋白获得具有良好抗原特异性的抗Nek2多克隆抗体。     

风疹病毒(RV)包膜糖蛋白E1特异基因片段的原核表达

目的:表达风疹病毒(RV)E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白.方法:经过双酶切鉴定和测序鉴定的阳,陛重组质粒载体pGEX-2T/E1-N,转化到感受态大肠杆菌BL21后,用异丙基-β-D硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导其表达,并对诱导条件进行优化.用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠纯化重组融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE鉴定.结果:用IPTG可以诱导E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白表达,37℃诱导时,最佳诱导剂浓度为1 mmol/L,最佳诱导时间为4h.诱导温度从37℃降至16℃时,重组融合蛋白以可溶性形式表达,用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠纯化获得了纯化的重组融合蛋白.结论:利用原核表达系统可以获得纯化的风疹病毒E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白.     

猪抵抗素(resistin)的原核表达及表达产物的纯化鉴定

用PCR方法扩增到抵抗素基因(Resistin, RSTN)并将其亚克隆至pET-32a(+)表达载体,获得重组质粒pET-RSTN。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL-21（DE3）感受态细胞,用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测结果表明,重组resistin蛋白分子量大小约30kDa。对表达条件如温度、IPTG浓度及诱导时间进行优化并用SDS-PAGE检测。结果表明,30℃、4h、IPTG浓度为1mmol/L时,可溶性重组resistin的含量最高。表达产物经Western blot检测证实是Resistin蛋白,并用镍离子亲和层析的方法获得纯化的Resistin蛋白。     

拟南芥赤霉素受体AtGID1a原核表达条件的优化研究

运用均匀设计法,对影响Rossetta(DE3)/pGEX-KG/AtGID1a表达水平的因素进行了优化,摸索出了对可溶性蛋白进行诱导表达的最优条件,即蛋白胨16 g/L,酵母粉5 g/L,葡萄糖4g/L,IPTG终浓度0.1 mmol/L,诱导温度23 ℃,IPTG诱导时间4 h.在此条件下,目的蛋白的平均密度从0....     

GA2ox1氧化酶基因的克隆及原核表达

采用RT-PCR从拟南芥基因组中克隆到GA2ox1基因,通过Gateway克隆技术构建原核重组表达载体pDEST17-GA2ox1,并转化大肠杆菌BL(21)star,对蛋白原核表达条件进行优化.结果表明,最佳表达条件为温度30℃、IPTG浓度0.2 mmol/L、诱导6 h.蛋白表达形式为包涵体,与Biotech对GA2ox1基因在大肠杆菌中的表达情况推测的结论一致.重组蛋白分子质量约为40 kD,经Ni Sepharose亲和层析柱纯化和Western blot鉴定得纯度90%以上的GA2ox1重组蛋白.研究结果为GA2ox1抗体制备及蛋白功能的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

人心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)的原核表达、纯化和冻干品的制备

目的：获得重组人心型脂肪酸结合蛋白,分析其活性及制备冻干品。方法：从GenBank中检索人源H-FABP CDs 序列,合成基因后构建原核表达载体pET-28a（+）-H-FABP。将表达载体转入E.coli BL21（DE3）,摸索pET-28a（+）-H-FABP最佳诱导条件,表达并纯化重组蛋白。使用检测试剂检测纯化后的重组H-FABP活性,研究最佳冻干方案并考察冻干品的稳定性。结果：经过优化诱导条件,重组H-FABP在BL21（DE3）中以可溶性蛋白形式表达。诱导条件为OD₆₀₀≈0.6,IPTG终浓度0.4mmol/L,30℃诱导4h。通过Ni²⁺亲和层析纯化可得到纯度大于95%的重组H-FABP蛋白。重组H-FABP冻干品可以在37℃稳定保存12d,25℃、4℃稳定保存至少4个月。结论：本项研究中的重组H-FABP表达体系成熟、蛋白活性高,冻干品稳定性好,为后续研究提供了稳定高效的生物原材料。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.