甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素对柑橘全爪螨的亚致死效应

通过叶碟饲养的方法, 利用生命表技术,研究了甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素亚致死剂量LC₂₀处理柑橘全爪螨若螨后,对试验种群当代(F₀)和后代(F₁、F₂代)生长发育及繁殖的影响.结果表明: 甲氰菊酯LC₂₀处理若螨后,当代雌成螨产卵量显著增加;F₁、F₂代的产卵前期缩短,后代雌性比例增大,且均与对照差异显著;同时,F₁和F₂代种群内禀增长率(r_m)和周限增长率(λ)增大,世代历期(T)和种群加倍时间(Dt)缩短,且F₂代与对照相比差异显著.用阿维菌素LC₂₀处理若螨后,当代种群雌成螨产卵量显著下降; F₁和F₂代的产卵量也显著下降,但后代雌性比例增大,产卵前期显著缩短;F₁和F₂代的种群r_m和λ增大,T和Dt缩短,且F₂代比F₁代更为明显.总体来看,甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素亚致死浓度LC₂₀对柑橘全爪螨的影响并不完全相同,甲氰菊酯能够促进当代种群的发展,而阿维菌素对当代种群有一定的抑制作用;但两种杀螨剂亚致死浓度处理柑橘全爪螨对后代种群都有一定的促进作用.研究结果对柑橘全爪螨综合防治策略的制定有一定的指导意义.     

东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨毒力的温度效应

为明确植物性杀螨活性物质东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus雌成螨毒力的温度效应, 采用玻片浸渍法测定了两者不同温度下的杀螨活性。结果表明： 在8～26℃的温度范围内, 东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈正温度系数; 在26～34℃的温度范围内两者对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈负温度系数。其中26℃下东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素表现出较好杀螨活性, 处理后48 h的致死中浓度(LC₅₀)分别为0.1884和0.3376 mg/mL; 23℃下的毒力次之。致死中浓度(y)与温度(x)关系的拟合方程为： 东莨菪内酯: y₁= 0.006x₁²-0.278x₁+3.403; 双脱甲氧基姜黄素: y₂=0.007x₂²-0.354x₂+4.826。对y求最小值得出, 东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的最高毒力温度分别为23.2℃和25.3℃, LC₅₀分别为0.1828和0.3504 mg/mL。据此认为, 在一定的温度范围内, 随着温度的升高, 这两种植物性杀螨活性物质对朱砂叶螨的毒力与温度先呈正相关, 到达最佳毒力温度后再呈负相关。     

东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨的驱避和产卵抑制活性

本研究采用叶碟浸渍法测定了东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus(Biosduvals)雌成螨的触杀活性,采用选择性的半叶法测定了驱避活性,同时采用非选择性的全叶法测定了产卵抑制活性。结果表明,东莨菪内酯对朱砂叶螨雌成螨具有较好的触杀活性,采用叶碟浸渍法处理48h后的LC50为0.297mg·mL-1,LC30为0.105mg·mL-1,LC10为0.023mg·mL-1。采用LC50、LC30和LC103个浓度的东莨菪内酯处理雌成螨后,发现东莨菪内酯对雌成螨没有表现出明显的驱避活性,处理区和对照区24h和48h的着螨率均为50%左右;采用LC50和LC102个浓度处理雌成螨后表现出了一定的产卵抑制活性,平均产卵抑制率分别为23.02%和13.23%,而LC30对雌成螨的产卵量表现出了促进作用,平均产卵抑制率为-8.25%,这可能是由于毒物兴奋效应所致。本研究旨在为东莨菪内酯的进一步开发和应用奠定理论基础。     

Effect of temperature on toxicities of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin against Tetranychus cinnabarinus ( Acari:Tetranychidae )

为明确植物性杀螨活性物质东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus雌成螨毒力的温度效应,采用玻片浸渍法测定了两者不同温度下的杀螨活性.结果表明:在8～26℃的温度范围内,东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈正温度系数;在26～34°C的温度范围内两者对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈负温度系数.其中26℃下东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素表现出较好杀螨活性,处理后48 h的致死中浓度(LC50)分别为0.1884和0.3376 mg/mL;23℃下的毒力次之.致死中浓度(y)与温度(x)关系的拟合方程为:东莨菪内酯:y1=0.006x12-0.278x1+3.403;双脱甲氧基姜黄素:y2 =0.007x22 -0.354x2+4.826.对y求最小值得出,东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的最高毒力温度分别为23.2℃和25.3℃,LC50分别为0.1828和0.3504 mg/mL.据此认为,在一定的温度范围内,随着温度的升高,这两种植物性杀螨活性物质对朱砂叶螨的毒力与温度先呈正相关,到达最佳毒力温度后再呈负相关.     

东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨致死效应模拟

采用玻片浸渍法测定了植物源杀螨活性物质东莨菪内酯、双脱甲氧基姜黄素及两者联合作用最佳增效配比(东:双=7:6)对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的致死效应,并采用时间-剂量-死亡率(TDM)模型进行模拟.结果表明:所建TDM模型均通过Hosmer-Lemoshow拟合异质性检验,朱砂叶螨雌成螨对3种药剂浓度变化的敏感程度为东莨菪内酯＞两者最佳配比＞双脱甲氧基姜黄素,双脱甲氧基姜黄素、东莨菪内酯和两者最佳配比对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的致死率高峰期分别为处理后32、28和32 h;处理后48 h的LC50和LC90分别为0.3324、0.2035、0.2195mg·mL-1和2.1198、0.9521、1.1617 mg·mL-1;浓度为1.0和2.0 mg·mL-1处理下,LT50分别为7.4、6.0、6.1h和6.4、4.8、5.0h.因此,东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素最佳配比和东莨菪内酯具有相近的杀螨动态及时间-剂量效应,表现出较好的杀螨活性和增效作用,具有一定的开发利用价值.     

阿维菌素对白背飞虱发育和繁殖的亚致死效应（英文）

【目的】探究阿维菌素对白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera的亚致死效应。【方法】采用稻茎浸渍法，分别以阿维菌素亚致死浓度LC₁₀(0.016 mg/L)和LC₂₅(0.031 mg/L)处理白背飞虱3龄若虫，统计F₀代雌雄成虫寿命、单雌产卵量；记录F₁代的发育历期、繁殖力、存活率及雌雄成虫寿命、内禀增长率(r)、周限增长率(λ)、净增殖率(R₀)和平均世代周期(T)，组建年龄-阶段两性生命表。【结果】与对照(蒸馏水)相比，白背飞虱3龄若虫在LC₁₀和LC₂₅浓度阿维菌素的胁迫下，F₀代单雌产卵量均显著降低，但孵化率未受影响；LC₂₅浓度阿维菌素处理后，白背飞虱雄成虫寿命与对照组相比显著延长，但LC₁₀阿维菌素处理显著缩短了雌成虫寿命。在F₁代中，LC₁₀和LC₂₅浓度处理组的单雌产卵量分别为17...     

氯虫苯甲酰胺对白背飞虱实验种群的亚致死效应

为正确评估防治水稻鳞翅目害虫的新型杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺对非靶标害虫白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera (Horváth)的影响, 本文采取稻茎浸渍法测定了氯虫苯甲酰胺对白背飞虱的毒力, 利用生命表技术研究了氯虫苯甲酰胺对白背飞虱的亚致死效应。结果表明： 氯虫苯甲酰胺对白背飞虱3龄若虫和成虫的LC₅₀分别为19.26 mg/L和19.69 mg/L。以氯虫苯甲酰胺LC₁₀和LC₂₅剂量分别处理白背飞虱3龄若虫后, F₀和F₁代雌虫产卵量及其寿命均降低, 尤其LC₂₅处理与对照间存在显著差异（P<0.05）, F₀和F₁代雌虫寿命分别缩短了1.80 d和2.62 d, F₀和F₁代雌虫产卵量分别减少了52.94粒和78.45粒。药剂处理对F1代各虫态发育历期也有一定影响。根据不同剂量处理后白背飞虱各发育阶段的存活率和成虫的繁殖力, 组建了生殖力生命表, 发现LC₁₀和LC₂₅剂量处理的种群内禀增长率rm分别降低了11.25%和34.41%, 净增殖率R0分别降低了36.56%和74.57%, 而世代平均历期T和种群加倍时间t均延长。结果说明, 氯虫苯甲酰胺LC₁₀和LC₂₅剂量可抑制白背飞虱种群的增长; 大田中使用氯虫苯甲酰胺防治鳞翅目害虫时, 可抑制同时发生的非靶标害虫白背飞虱田间种群增长。     

亚致死浓度除虫脲对朱砂叶螨生长和繁殖的影响

【目的】除虫脲属于苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂,本研究旨在探讨亚致死浓度除虫脲对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus生长发育和繁殖的影响,为除虫脲的合理使用提供一定的理论依据。【方法】本文采用叶碟浸渍法测定了除虫脲对朱砂叶螨的毒力,生命表技术探讨亚致死剂量除虫脲对朱砂叶螨实验种群生长发育和繁殖的影响。【结果】结果表明除虫脲对朱砂叶螨卵的LC50、LC30、LC10分别是15.825、6.089、1.534mg/L。和对照组相比,亚致死剂量(LC10和LC30)除虫脲处理朱砂叶螨卵后,幼螨期、前若期、后若期历期无显著差异,卵期、静息期却显著延长;卵的孵化率、幼螨存活率、若螨存活率、每雌日均产卵量、平均每雌产卵量、雌螨平均寿命均降低;各处理组产卵前期显著延长;产卵期缩短,其中LC30处理组产卵期显著缩短;各处理组的净生殖率(R0)显著降低,LC30组最低;内禀增长率(rm)、周限增长率(λ)均降低,而LC30组显著降低;种群倍增时间(Dt)延长,其中LC30组显著延长;平均世代历期(T)、性比例各处理组均无显著差异。【结论】亚致死剂量(LC10和LC30)除虫脲能够抑制朱砂叶螨的寿命和繁殖力。     

迷迭香油和花椒油对朱砂叶螨的生物活性

【目的】明确室内条件下迷迭香油和花椒油对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval)的生物活性。【方法】采用熏蒸法和驱避法测定迷迭香油和花椒油对5日龄朱砂叶螨雌成螨的熏蒸活性、产卵抑制活性和驱避活性;并采用EthoVision XT6分析亚致死浓度下两种精油对雌成螨行为的影响。【结果】分别将5日龄雌成螨熏蒸处理12, 24和48 h后,迷迭香油对朱砂叶螨的致死率均显著高于花椒油处理组（P＜0.05）,且随着熏蒸时间的延长或精油浓度的升高,其熏蒸活性均增强;不同浓度的迷迭香油处理朱砂叶螨雌成螨24 h后的产卵抑制率均显著高于花椒油处理组（P＜0.05）。迷迭香油和花椒油处理朱砂叶螨雌成螨24 h的LC₃₀分别为6.731和120.142 μL/L;迷迭香油对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的驱避活性明显高于花椒油处理组。两种精油亚致死浓度处理朱砂叶螨雌成螨后,其自发运动方式发生了明显变化,移动频率在LC₁₀ 时呈现最高;且迷迭香油对朱砂叶螨雌成螨自发运动能力的影响比花椒油处理的影响更为明显。【结论】迷迭香油对朱砂叶螨的生物活性明显高于花椒油,因此,迷迭香油对朱砂叶螨的生物防治具有较高的应用价值。本研究为绿色蔬菜植物源杀螨剂的研究提供了科学依据。     

新型杀螨剂丁氟螨酯对土耳其斯坦叶螨亚致死效应

为了解新型杀螨剂丁氟螨酯Tetranychus turkestani对土耳其斯坦叶螨实验种群的亚致死效应,本研究采用叶碟法研究了其亚致死剂量对土耳其斯坦叶螨实验种群成螨和卵生命表参数的影响。结果表明:经丁氟螨酯LC20、LC10亚致死剂量处理成螨后,成螨的平均寿命、产卵量和次代卵的孵化率均显著降低;次代种群除了卵期、LC20幼螨期和LC10若螨期显著延长外,所有处理次代种群成螨期和雌螨寿命均显著缩短,其余处理次代种群幼螨期、若螨期和产卵前期均无显著差异;次代种群的净生殖率(Ro)和平均世代历期(T)均显著降低,内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)增加;存活率和平均每雌日产卵率显著降低。丁氟螨酯LC20、LC10亚致死剂量处理卵后,次代种群除了LC10处理卵期明显延长和幼螨期显著缩短外,所有处理次代种群若螨期、成螨期和雌螨寿命均显著缩短,其余处理卵期、幼螨期和产卵前期均无显著差异;净生殖率(Ro)和平均世代历期(T)均显著降低,内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)增加;存活率和平均每雌日产卵率显著降低。这些结果表明,新型杀螨剂丁氟螨酯亚致死剂量可以降低土耳其斯坦叶螨种群的发育速率,这对土耳其斯坦叶螨的综合防治策略的制定有积极意义。     

Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) under laboratory conditions

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most important pests in tropical and subtropical agriculture and is a key pest in greenhouse production worldwide. Current management of B. tabaci relies upon frequent applications of insecticides. Insecticide use not only directly affects pest populations through acute toxicity but also has indirect (sublethal) effects on pest physiology or behavior. In this study, we described sublethal effects of imidacloprid on adult feeding, immature development, adult fecundity, and F1 development of B. tabaci. Honeydew excretion of adults feeding on leaves treated with LC20 and LC40 concentration was significantly lower than that on untreated leaf discs. Egg production of B. tabaci adults subject to LC20 and LC40 concentrations also was less than untreated individuals. Upon transfer to untreated leaves, honeydew excretion and egg production recovered well within 24 and 48 h, respectively. Exposure to LC20 and LC40 concentrations significantly affected developmental time of B. tabaci eggs and nymphs, whereas it did not affect adult molting rate. We did not find sublethal effects on longevity and fecundity of B. tabaci adults when exposed to LC90 and LC40 concentrations for 24 h, and on egg hatching rate, nymphal mortality, and molting rate of the subsequent F1 generation. Exposure to imidacloprid at LC40 concentration significantly decreased the number of females in the F1 generation. Imidacloprid negatively affects development and reproduction of exposed individuals, and sex ratio of subsequent (F1) generation of B. tabaci, which probably disrupts B. tabaci population dynamics, slows population increase, and reduces infestation levels. Therefore, it is necessary to consider potential impact from imidacloprid for integrated management of the pest.     

氰氟虫腙亚致死剂量对甜菜夜蛾生长发育和繁殖力的影响

本文研究了氰氟虫腙的亚致死剂量LC15(28.423μg/mL)和LC25(41.363μg/mL)对甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua(Hübner)亲代和子1代的一些生物学特性的影响。结果表明:LC15和LC25处理组与对照组相比,甜菜夜蛾亲代的化蛹率,羽化率和单雌产卵量分别降低了49.3%,60.0%;♀(12.65%,25.09%)和♂(13.14%,28.91%);25.6%,65.7%,畸形蛹率分别提高了10.5%,14.4%。子1代的化蛹率,羽化率和单雌产卵量分别降低了11.8%,24.6%;♀(9.48%,21.54%)和♂(11.61%,24.08%);14.4%,54.3%,畸形蛹率分别提高了4.1%,5.8%。另外子1代的孵化率、幼虫的存活率降低,蛹期和成虫期缩短,产卵前期延长,产卵期显著缩短。总体来说,LC15和LC25剂量的氰氟虫腙对甜菜夜蛾亲代与子1代的生物特性都有不同程度的影响,并且LC25剂量对甜菜夜蛾的影响要比LC15剂量大。     

毒死蜱亚致死剂量对二斑叶螨实验种群动态的影响

【目的】为探讨毒死蜱(Chlorpyrifos)对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch种群动态的影响,室内研究了毒死蜱亚致死剂量对二斑叶螨实验种群成螨和若螨的生长发育、存活和繁殖情况的影响。【方法】用浸虫法进行测定,生命表方法分析亚致死效应。【结果】结果表明毒死蜱亚致死剂量LC25处理成螨后,雌成螨寿命、总产卵量、子代孵化率、性比与对照组无显著差异,其净增值率、内禀增长率、周限增长率以及种群加倍时间显著低于对照组。毒死蜱亚致死剂量LC25处理若螨后,总产卵量、净增值率、世代平均周期显著低于对照组,内禀增长率、周限增长率以及种群加倍时间与对照组无显著差异。扩散试验证明毒死蜱对二斑叶螨有较强的刺激扩散作用。【结论】以上结果说明毒死蜱亚致死剂量对不同发育阶段的二斑叶螨发育和繁殖的影响不同,毒死蜱对二斑叶螨的刺激扩散作用可能是引起二斑叶螨再猖獗的原因之一。     

Acute toxicities and sublethal effects of some conventional insecticides on Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

The acute toxicity of 10 conventional insecticides to adult of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was bioassayed by membrane method, and then their sublethal effects on the parasitoid were evaluated in the laboratory. Based on sublethal concentration (LC30) values at 8 h after treatment, we determined that adult T. chilonis were the most susceptible to chlorfenapyr, followed by fipronil, spinosad, avermectins, beta-cypermethrin, and cartap, with lethal concentration (LC)30 values of 0.3133, 0.3269, 1.5408, 3.2961, 6.1469, and 9.021 mg/liter, respectively. The field-recommended concentrations of chlorfluazuron, indoxacarb, Bacillus thuringiensis, and tebufenozide caused <30% mortality of treated adults; therefore, they were used to evaluate sublethal effects on the parasitoid. After treatment with sublethal concentration of fipronil and avermectins, the longevity of treated females (1.2 and 1.6 d) was significantly shortened and fecundity (34.7 and 1.6) was remarkably decreased; consequently, the life-table parameters (R0, r(m), lambda, and T) of T. chilonis were statistically lower than those in the control. Cartap and spinosad also reduced longevity (8 and 7.9 d) and fecundity (110.77 and 117.2) of treated adults, but cartap enhanced the female percentage of F1 offspring (61.6%), resulting a statistical higher R0, r(m), and lambda of treated T. chilonis. In contrast, chlorfluazuron and tebufenozide increased longevity (16.4 and 15.4 d) and fecundity (248 and 256.9) of treated adults but slightly decreased the female percentage of F1 offspring (31.4 and 38.1%). Although chlorfenapyr showed no adverse influence on longevity and fecundity, it remarkably reduced the female percentage of F1 offspring (13.5%), leading to a lower R0, r(m), and lambda of treated T. chilonis. Indoxacarb, B. thuringiensis, and beta-cypermethrin had no obvious sublethal effects on the longevity and fecundity of treated adults. Based on these results, we consider B. thuringienesis, chlorfluazuron, indoxacarb, beta-cypermethrin, and tebufenozide safe to T. chilonis, suggesting that these insecticides are compatible with this parasitoid when being used in the field. However, fipronil, chlorfenapyr, spinosad, and avermectins were very harmful to T. chilonis. Timing of application of these insecticides was critical.     

Electroantennogram responses of male Sphinx perelegans hawkmoths to floral and ‘green-leaf volatiles’

The effects of sublethal dosages of the chloronicotinyl insecticide imidacloprid on different strains of the tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), have been studied after leaf dip and systemic application. All bioassays were performed with the insecticide susceptible strain, SUD-S, and two Spanish biotypes, ALM-2 and LMPA-2, both resistant to conventional insecticides and with a lower susceptibility towards imidacloprid. Honeydew, excreted by all strains feeding on treated and untreated cotton leaf discs was quantified by photometric analysis of its carbohydrate content. EC50-values for the depression of honeydew excretion in female adults after systemic application of imidacloprid were calculated at 0.037 ppm, 0.027 ppm and 0.048 ppm for strains SUD-S, ALM-2 and LMPA-2, respectively, indicating no significant differences between strains in feeding behaviour throughout an 48 h testing period. Depending on the strain these EC50-values were 150- to 850-times lower than LC50-values calculated for mortality in the same bioassay. Starvation tests revealed mean survival times of >48 h for female adults placed on agar without leaf discs, indicating that sublethal dosages of imidacloprid which caused antifeedant responses, were probably not covered in common 48 h systemic bioassays, used to monitor resistance to imidacloprid. Effects of sublethal dosages on honeydew excretion after leaf dip application seem to be minor. In choice situations with systemically treated and untreated leaf discs in a single container, female adults of B. tabaci showed a clear preference for the untreated leaf discs. However, when using leaf discs treated by painting the surface with imidacloprid in the same bioassay, feeding activities on treated and untreated leaf discs were not significantly different. The results of the present study demonstrate the antifeedant properties of imidacloprid on B. tabaci, which might play an essential role after soil application or seed treatment under field conditions.     

溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度对烟草粉螟生物学特性的影响

为探讨溴氰菊酯对烟草粉螟的亚致死效应,本文采用烟叶浸渍法以溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度(LC 10和LC 25)胁迫烟草粉螟3龄幼虫,并通过年龄-龄期两性生命表的方法探究溴氰菊酯胁迫对烟草粉螟发育和繁殖的影响。结果显示:与对照相比,溴氰菊酯LC 10、LC 25处理F 0代的平均单雌产卵量显著下降;LC 25处理F 0代的产卵前期及总产卵前期明显长于对照;LC 25处理与LC 10处理和对照间,F 0代雌、雄虫寿命均差异显著;LC 10处理和LC 25处理F 1代与对照存活率明显下降,F 1代各处理间的卵、1龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、5龄幼虫、7龄幼虫和蛹的发育历期无显著差异;但LC 25处理组2龄、4龄、6龄幼虫历期比对照延长了且差异显著;LC 25处理组的成虫前期比对照组延长了且差异显著。同时LC 25处理的雌、雄虫寿命最短,但3个处理间差异不显著。研究表明,亚致死浓度的溴氰菊酯能够抑制烟草粉螟的生长发育和繁殖,以上研究结果可为田间用药控制烟草粉螟提供理论参考。     

虫酰肼对甜菜夜蛾多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的抑制作用

虫酰肼模拟昆虫蜕皮激素的作用干扰新表皮的形成。为了探讨虫酰肼对昆虫新表皮形成的影响是否与抑制表皮形成相关酶的活性有关, 本研究应用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（HPLC-RP）, 测定了甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua 5龄幼虫用虫酰肼处理不同时间（24, 48和72 h）后多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的活性。结果表明： 用LC₁₁ （28.41 μmol/L）和LC₃₃ （85.23 μmol/L）两个亚致死剂量的虫酰肼处理5龄幼虫后, 多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的活性均受到明显抑制, 高浓度的抑制作用大于低浓度的抑制作用。随着处理时间的延长, 同一剂量的抑制作用逐渐增强。进一步测定虫酰肼处理24, 48和72 h后5龄幼虫血淋巴、 脂肪体、 中肠、 表皮和头部的多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的活性, 可看出虫酰肼对幼虫不同组织的多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的活性也具有相似的抑制作用。结果提示, 虫酰肼对甜菜夜蛾幼虫多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶活性具有明显抑制作用, 幼虫新表皮形成受阻可能与虫酰肼抑制多巴脱羧酶和酪氨酸羟化酶的活性有关。     

甲氧虫酰肼对棉铃虫生长发育的亚致死效应研究

以一个对甲氧虫酰肼具有18.5倍抗性的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)种群(R)和其同源对照种群(S)为对象,研究了甲氧虫酰肼对棉铃虫生长发育的亚致死效应。结果表明,甲氧虫酰肼亚致死剂量(LC25)处理R和S种群的3龄初幼虫,对S种群幼虫的生长抑制率(37.30%)显著大于R种群(21.20%)。与空白对照处理相比,致死剂量处理R和S种群后,均表现出生长发育延缓,蛹期延长,化蛹率、羽化率、卵孵化率降低,且对S种群的影响更明显。研究结果表明亚致死剂量的甲氧虫酰肼对棉铃虫存在一定的不利影响,但对甲氧虫酰肼具有一定抗性的棉铃虫种群能够减轻这种不利影响。