鼻部固定型孢子丝菌病1例

报道1例猫抓后引起的固定型孢子丝菌病.患者男,16岁,皮损表现为鼻翼部位的增生物,其上覆有脓痂.临床上易与细菌感染混淆,但根据患者的病史、临床表现、病理、真菌镜检及培养诊断为申克孢子丝菌引起的孢子丝菌病.患者在应用7个月的碘化钾结合特比萘芬软膏外用治疗后,皮损完全消失.     

1株多重耐药申克孢子丝菌感染的治疗

报道1例由多重耐药申克孢子丝菌引起的面部孢子丝菌病。患者61岁男性,面部皮疹2 a余,先后口服伊曲康唑、特比萘芬和氟康唑治疗16个月无效。患者皮损经真菌镜检和培养确诊为孢子丝菌病,分离的申克孢子丝菌体外药敏试验显示其菌丝相和酵母相对上述三种药物均不敏感。给予患者口服10%碘化钾溶液治疗3个月获得痊愈。     

球形孢子丝菌致婴儿固定型孢子丝菌病1例及相关实验研究

报道1例由球形孢子丝菌所致的婴儿固定型孢子丝菌病。患儿女,3个月,因左眼下内侧皮损2个月就诊,皮损脓液标本进行真菌培养,对培养获得菌株进行形态学、生理学和分子生物学鉴定,并进行药物敏感性检测。真菌培养阳性,镜下可见典型的套袖样菌丝。钙调蛋白基因序列分析鉴定为球形孢子丝菌。药敏试验显示特比萘芬和伊曲康唑对该菌株的菌丝相最低抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitorycon centration,MIC）分别为0．5μg／mL和0．5μg／mL;对该菌株的酵母相的MIC值分别为0．25μg／mL和0．5μg／mL。给予患者口服特比萘芬32．5mg／d治疗10周后皮损消退呈瘢痕化修复。依据临床及实验室检查确诊该病例为球形孢子丝菌所致固定型孢子丝菌病,特比萘芬治疗本病例显示较好疗效。     

伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗孢子丝菌病疗效及其对病原真菌体外抗菌活性研究

目的 初步探讨伊曲康唑和特比萘芬联合治疗孢子丝菌病的疗效,评价两药体外联合对申克孢子丝菌菌丝相和酵母相的抗菌活性.方法 口服伊曲康唑200mg/d和特比萘芬250mg/d治疗孢子丝菌病;体外联合药敏试验采用棋盘微量稀释法,计算分数抑菌浓度(FIC)指数判定两药相互作用具有协同、拮抗或无关作用.结果 伊曲康唑和特比萘芬联...     

特比萘芬联合伊曲康唑治疗孢子丝菌病失败1例

伊曲康唑和特比萘芬治疗孢子丝菌病（sporo-trichosis）有效安全,目前已成为孢子丝菌病治疗指南中的推荐用药[1].但少数患者单用伊曲康唑或特比萘芬不能有效控制病情,研究显示两药分别联合碘化钾溶液或两药联合治疗皮肤型孢子丝菌病显示疗效增强2-6].最近,我们诊治1例由球形孢子丝菌引起的皮肤固定型孢子丝菌病患者,采用特比萘芬联合伊曲康唑治疗失败,之后经特比萘芬联合碘化钾溶液治疗才获得痊愈.鉴于该病例治疗过程的特殊性,我们对其分离菌株进行了一些相关的实验研究,现报道如下.     

申克孢子丝菌菌丝相至酵母相转化的实验研究

目的观察申克孢子丝菌菌丝相向酵母相转化的形态学变化并初步研究连续传代后菌株转化为酵母相的百分率。方法将95株申克孢子丝菌临床株于脑心浸液琼脂培养基上连续传代至酵母相,利用显微镜及血细胞计数板计数菌丝和孢子比例并记录显微镜下形态。结果 95株申克孢子丝菌中,经1次传代即成功转化有23株,经2次传代有14株,经3次传代有10株,经4次传代有6株,4次传代后总计55.8%实验菌株转化为酵母相。结论部分申克孢子丝菌由菌丝相向酵母相转化需经过连续多次传代,连续传代增加了菌丝相至酵母相的转化率。     

伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗孢子丝菌病1例

孢子丝菌病（sporotrichosis）是由申克孢子丝菌引起的一种亚急性或慢性真菌感染,本病易侵犯皮肤、皮下组织及其附近的淋巴管,当存在免疫缺陷时,可能出现播散型感染。最近我们用伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗1例淋巴管型孢子丝菌病患者,报告如下。     

中国临床球形孢子丝菌菌丝相药物敏感性分析

目的检测我国临床球形孢子丝菌菌丝相对5种抗真菌药物的体外敏感性,同时对比我国不同地区菌株药物敏感性的差异。方法将重庆、吉林、北京地区既往基因鉴定为球形孢子丝菌的100株临床菌株接种于2%马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA)上,25℃恒温培养7d获得菌丝相。依据美国临床与实验室标准化委员会(CLSI)制定的M38-A2方案,采用微量液基稀释法检测菌丝相对碘化钾、伊曲康唑、特比萘芬、氟康唑、两性霉素B的体外最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。质控菌株为近平滑念菌ATCC22019。结果碘化钾体外无抗真菌活性,特比萘芬MIC几何均值为0.14μg/mL,伊曲康唑和两性霉素B MIC几何均值分别为0.79μg/mL和0.63μg/mL,氟康唑MIC几何均值为45.89μg/mL。发现7株对伊曲康唑耐药菌株,吉林地区相对较多,但不同地区菌株的药物MIC值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论碘化钾无体外抗真菌活性,我国临床球形孢子丝菌对特比萘芬最敏感,其次为伊曲康唑和两性霉素B,对氟康唑敏感性最差,不同地区菌株对抗真菌药物的敏感性没有明显差异。     

申克孢子丝菌感染诊治1例

通过1例16岁女孩由申克孢子丝菌导致的皮下孢子丝菌病,口服伊曲康唑治疗有效,回顾申克孢子丝菌的实验室检验方法 ,以此来提高孢子丝菌感染的诊断水平。     

沈阳地区孢子丝菌病48例临床分析

目的探讨孢子丝菌病的发病原因、特点、诊断及治疗。方法对48例孢子丝菌病病例进行调查分析,全部行真菌学检查,部分行病理检查,采用碘化钾、特比萘芬或以碘化钾为基础的联合治疗。结果48例患者有明确外伤史,蚊虫叮咬病史者占总发病人数66.67%。单纯应用碘化钾或以碘化钾为基础的联合治疗8~12周,治愈率均达100%。结论外伤及昆虫叮咬、动物抓伤为本病的重要致病诱因,单纯应用碘化钾或特比萘芬均可治愈,但联合用药起效更快,效果更好。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.