北江侧条光唇鱼的年龄与生长特征

于2007年7月至2009年6月间,在北江中上游地区采集了358尾侧条光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus parallens)样本,以鳞片作为年龄鉴定材料,对其年龄与生长特征进行了研究。侧条光唇鱼鳞片上年轮结构清晰,前区主要为疏密型,而侧区主要为切割型;鳞片的边缘生长率显示,其年轮的主要形成期为2~3月份。样本中的雌性由1+~5+龄5个龄组组成,优势龄组为1+~3+龄;而雄性由1+~4+龄4个龄组组成,优势龄组为1+~2+龄。雌鱼的体长(L,cm)范围为5.7~14.8 cm,集中于7.0~13.0 cm之间;体重(W,g)范围为4.75~108.40 g,集中于10.00~30.00 g之间。雄鱼的体长范围为5.7~12.6 cm,集中于7.0~11.0 cm之间;体重范围为4.40~61.50 g,主要集中于10.00~20.00 g之间。体长与体重的关系为W=0.017L3.167、W♀=0.017L3.198、W♂=0.023L3.025,协方差分析表明,雌、雄个体在体长与体重关系上,差异显著。体长(L,cm)与鳞径(R,mm)呈线性关系,L♀=3.126R+1.869、L♂=2.875R+2.152。拟合出Von Bertalanffy生长参数,雌性L∞=17.143 5 cm,k=0.270 5,W∞=150.347 4 g,t0=﹣0.614 6龄;雄性L∞=17.236 5 cm,k=0.226 9,W∞=126.468 6 g,t0=﹣0.921 5龄。雌鱼体重生长的拐点年龄为3.68龄,拐点体长约为11.8 cm,体重约为45.26 g;雄鱼的拐点年龄为3.96龄,拐点体长约为11.5 cm,体重约为37.60 g。作为渔业对策,建议起捕年龄3龄以上或体长10 cm以上的个体。     

抚仙湖外来黄颡鱼种群的年龄和生长特征

黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrusfulvidraco)是近年被无意引入到抚仙湖的外来鱼类,自2002年以来在渔获物中已形成了较为稳定的产量。根据2002年9月至2005年5月采集的708尾标本对抚仙湖黄颡鱼种群的年龄和生长特征进行了研究。以脊椎骨作为年龄鉴定的材料,表明种群的年龄分别为雌性0 -5 龄6个龄组和雄性0 -7 龄8个龄组组成;拟合的VonBertalanffy生长参数为雄性L∞=294·68mm,k=0·2476/y,t0=-0·0298y,W∞=209·93g;雌性L∞=257·13mm,k=0·2476/y,t0=-0·3329y,W∞=184·45g;生长特征参数分别为=4·3324(♂)和=4·1665(♀)。雄鱼体重生长的拐点年龄为3·1龄时,重60·98g;雌鱼为3·6龄,重54·47g。与其它种群的生活史特征相比,抚仙湖种群表现出年龄结构复杂和生长缓慢的特点,这些变化是黄颡鱼在抚仙湖建立种群过程中为增加总体适合度而作出的一种适应性响应[动物学报52(2):263-271,2006]。     

鄱阳湖黄鳝的生长特征

以基舌骨和脊椎骨作为年龄鉴定的材料,研究了鄱阳湖黄鳝(Monopterus albus)种群的生长特征.结果表明,种群的年龄结构分别为:雌性1～5龄,雄性2～6龄,2～5龄为黄鳝性别的过渡期(间性).2～4龄为优势年龄组,占渔获物的89.75%,相对应的体长为30～50 cm,体重为30～120 g.体长(L)与体重(W)的关系为:W=0.000 4L3.2601(♀);W=0.001 4L2.9008(∮).按生长指标值分析,阶段生长可以明显地划分为两个时期,即2龄前的生长迅速期和2龄后的生长稳定期.拟合的Von Bertalanffy生长参数分别为雌性L∞=78.5 Cm,k=0.174 02/y,t0=-1.203 2 Y,W∞:602.01 g;雄性L∞=102.3 cm,k=0.118 45/y,t0=-1.310 1 Y,W-=947.32 g;生长特征参数分别为ψ=3.030 3(♀)和ψ=3.093 4(∮);雌雄个体生长差异显著.     

北江间（鱼骨）的年龄与生长特征

于2007年4月至2009年3月间,在广东北江中上游地区采集间(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus medius)样本640尾,以鳞片作为年龄鉴定材料,对其种群的年龄与生长特征进行了研究.结果表明,间(鱼骨)鳞片上年轮结构清晰,前区主要表现为疏密型,而侧区主要为切割型;鳞片的边缘生长率表明,间(鱼骨)年轮的形成期主要为3～4月份.样本由0+～6+龄7个龄组组成,其中,雌性由1+～6+龄6个龄组组成,主要为1+～4+龄;而雄性由1+～5+龄5个龄组组成,主要为1+～3+龄;在4+ ～6+龄个体中,雌性78尾,雄性27尾,雌性显著多于雄性.体长(L,cm)与体重(W,g)的关系为W=0.011L3.149(♀)、W=0.011L3.135(♂),协方差分析表明,雌雄个体体长与体重关系的差异不显著,所有样本体长与体重的关系式为W=0.011L3.148.体长与鳞长(R,mm)呈幂函数及直线关系,关系式分别为L=6.387R0.853、L=4.569R+ 2.587.拟合的von Bertalanffy生长参数为L∞=29.855 0 cm,k=0.223 1,W∞=483.889 8 g,t0=-0.928 2龄.对理论体长与实测体长、理论体重与实测体重进行x2检验,两者的差异均不显著,表明von Bertalanffy生长方程能较好地拟合间(鱼骨)的生长.体重生长的拐点年龄为4.21龄,拐点体长约为20.37 cm,体重约为166.19 g.作为渔业保护对策,建议起捕年龄3龄以上或体长17 cm以上的个体.     

北江间的年龄与生长特征

于2007年4月至2009年3月间,在广东北江中上游地区采集间(Hemibarbus medius)样本640尾,以鳞片作为年龄鉴定材料,对其种群的年龄与生长特征进行了研究。结果表明,间鳞片上年轮结构清晰,前区主要表现为疏密型,而侧区主要为切割型;鳞片的边缘生长率表明,间年轮的形成期主要为3~4月份。样本由0+~6+龄7个龄组组成,其中,雌性由1+~6+龄6个龄组组成,主要为1+~4+龄;而雄性由1+~5+龄5个龄组组成,主要为1+~3+龄;在4+~6+龄个体中,雌性78尾,雄性27尾,雌性显著多于雄性。体长(L,cm)与体重(W,g)的关系为W=0.011L3.149(♀)、W=0.011L3.135(♂),协方差分析表明,雌雄个体体长与体重关系的差异不显著,所有样本体长与体重的关系式为W=0.011L3.148。体长与鳞长(R,mm)呈幂函数及直线关系,关系式分别为L=6.387R0.853、L=4.569R+2.587。拟合的von Bertalanffy生长参数为L∞=29.855 0 cm,k=0.223 1,W∞=483.889 8 g,t0=﹣0.928 2龄。对理论体长与实测体长、理论体重与实测体重进行χ~2检验,两者的差异均不显著,表明von Bertalanffy生长方程能较好地拟合间的生长。体重生长的拐点年龄为4.21龄,拐点体长约为20.37 cm,体重约为166.19 g。作为渔业保护对策,建议起捕年龄3龄以上或体长17 cm以上的个体。     

淮河上游南湾湖麦穗鱼年龄与生长的研究

2014年的3月、5月、7月和12月在淮河上游南湾湖采集麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)样本532尾, 对麦穗鱼的年龄组成与生长进行分析。结果表明样本的体长分布范围为35.82—88.28 mm, 平均体长为(61.61±11.8) mm, 体重的分布范围为3.07—59.17 g, 平均体重为(19.23±10.73) g。雄性个体比雌性个体大, 雌雄性比为0.64鲶1。群体的年龄组成为1—3龄, 其中3龄样本数量占优势为57.38%。体长与体重的关系是雌性W=9.602E–5L2.928 (R2=0.883); 雄性W=4.487E–5L3.116 (R2=0.889), 雌雄样本间存在显著性差异(F=5.241, P<0.05)。麦穗鱼的鳞径与体长之间呈线性关系, 并且雌雄样本的鳞径与体长之间的关系差异性显著(F=78.405, P<0.05)。生长参数分别是雌性: L_∞=107.005, K=0.246, t₀= –0.76; 雄性: L_∞=145.254, K=0.181, t₀= –0.66。生长拐点是雌性3.607龄对应的体长和体重分别为70.46 mm和24.72 g, 雄性5.619龄对应的体长和体重分别为98.64 mm和73.53 g。研究结果表明雌性为匀速生长, 雄性为异速生长; 雄性麦穗鱼比雌性麦穗鱼的生长速度快。     

雅鲁藏布江下游弧唇裂腹鱼的年龄结构与生长特性

研究以采自雅鲁藏布江下游墨脱段的928尾弧唇裂腹鱼(Schizothorax curvilabiatus)为研究对象, 对耳石、脊椎骨和鳃盖骨三种年龄材料的准确性进行比较, 并对其种群年龄结构和生长特性进行研究。结果表明, 耳石是鉴定弧唇裂腹鱼最适合的年龄材料。弧唇裂腹鱼体长为48—508 mm, 体重为1.8—1898.9 g。体长体重关系式为W =2.279×10–5 SL 2.931。雌鱼最大年龄43龄, 雄鱼最大年龄23龄。von Bertalanffy生长方程为雌性: L_t= 590.2[1–e–0.096(t–0.282)], W_t=3016.8[1–e–0.096(t–0.282)]2.931; 雄性: L_t=575.3[1–e–0.090(t+0.011)], W_t=2798.9[1–e–0.090(t+0.011)]2.931。弧唇裂腹鱼雌性和雄性的拐点年龄分别为11.5龄和11.9龄。研究结果表明弧唇裂腹鱼生长缓慢、寿命较长, 为典型的K-对策选择者。随着雅鲁藏布江下游河流环境受到的人为干扰逐渐加大, 应从控制捕捞、栖息地保护和加强人工繁育等方面保护弧唇裂腹鱼的种群资源。     

卡特拉鱼形态,食性和生长的研究

观测卡特拉鱼的形态特征和1—3龄鱼主要可量性状及其比例的变动。1—3龄鱼除主食商品饲料外,同时也食较大比例的浮游生物。着重对浮游生物的种类和比例进行了分析。肠长与体长呈直线相关。Y=6.38X-89.95。1—4龄鱼体长和体重相对生长率和生长指标都随年龄增加而逐渐下降。体长与体重呈曲线相关。W=0.00002261L~(3.0569)。采用 Von.Bertalanffy 生长方程分析其生长特性。方程参数 L_∞=821.2mm,W_∞=19616.6g,t_0=0.6年,K=0.3。体长生长不具拐点,生长速度随年龄增加而递减;体重生长具拐点,其值4.3年。此时体重生长速度达最大值。4、3龄前是生长旺盛期,此后进入生长缓慢期。     

岷江切尾拟鲿的年龄结构与生长特征

以2012年11—12月和2013年4—5月在长江上游岷江河口区域采集的436尾切尾拟鲿(Pseudobagrus truncatus)为研究对象,以耳石为年龄鉴定材料,对其年龄结构和生长特性进行了研究。结果表明:调查样本由1~6龄组成,以2~3龄鱼为主,占统计总量的81.82%;切尾拟鲿随着年龄的增长,雌鱼和雄鱼之间的体重、体长差异逐渐明显,体重与体长呈幂函数关系,雌、雄鱼体长与体重的关系式分别为:W♀=2×10-4L2.3822(n=193,R2=0.904,P0.01),W♂=2×10-4L2.4322(n=225,R2=0.884,P0.01),表明雌、雄鱼均属于异速生长型。选用Gompertz生长方程拟合其生长,雌、雄鱼体长生长方程分别为:♀:Lt=785.78e-1.36e-0.59 t,♂:Lt=926.35e-1.84e-0.42 t;雌、雄鱼体重生长方程分别为:♀:Wt=438.62 e-5.61e-0.45 t,♂:Wt=559.64e-5.49e-0.41 t。雌、雄鱼体长生长的拐点年龄分别为4.18龄和4.75龄,体重生长的拐点年龄分别为3.09龄和2.21龄。研究区的切尾拟鲿显现出低龄化和小型化趋势;为可持续开发利用,建议捕捞规格限制在100 mm(10 g)以上。     

金沙江上游软刺裸裂尻鱼年龄和生长的研究

以2011年4～5月和2011年9～10月期间采集于金沙江上游的328尾软刺裸裂尻鱼Schizopygopsis malacanthus Herzenstein为材料,用微耳石鉴定年轮,对其年龄和生长进行研究,以期为进一步的鱼类生态学研究和资源保护提供依据.结果表明,微耳石上宽而暗的增长带与窄而透明的增长带交替出现,窄带与宽带交界处为年轮;体长与体重呈幂函数关系:W=0.00002L2.970;von Bertalanffy方程为:Lt=382.1067×(1-e-0.1058(t+0.1045)),Wt=949.0577×(1-e-0.1058(t +0.1045))2.970;体重生长拐点年龄为10.2龄,对应的体长和体重分别为253.4 mm、280.4 g.软刺裸裂尻鱼是裂腹鱼类中生长较慢、体型较小的种类,是对金沙江上游生态与环境适应的结果.     

Age and growth of Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814): an endemic fish species of Lake Van (Turkey)

In total, 240 tarek, Alburnus tarichi, specimens were caught throughout February 2008 in Lake Van, Turkey, a lake with highly salty‐alkaline conditions. Ages, lengths and weights of A. tarichi were determined to estimate length–weight relationships and age composition. Otolith dimensions were also determined. Female : male ratio was 1.47 : 1. Fork length and total weight of specimens ranged from 14.3 to 19.2 cm and 45.76 to 99.63 g, respectively. Maximum age observed was 6 years. Length–weight relationships were calculated for female, male and combined sexes as, W = 0.057FL^2.582W = 0.102FL^2.513 W = 0.074FL^2.544, respectively. Concerning types of growth, negative allometric growth (b < 3) was observed for all tarek specimens. The lagenar otolith was large and flat and marks on otoliths were typically clear, consistent and easy to interpret. Mean otolith length, breadth and weight were determined as 2.592 mm, 2.381 mm, 0.0026 g, respectively. While the otolith weight displayed a curvilinear relationship with the fork length, otolith length and breadth were linearly related to the fork length by height correlation coefficients.     

The life history of rock gurnard (Trigloporus lastoviza, Brünn. 1768) in the Saronikos Gulf

Age, growth and reproduction of rock gurnard in the Saronikos Gulf (Greece) were studied. Otoliths from 638 specimens (sex combined) were read for age determination. The body length-otolith radius relationship was found linear (L = -18.0 + 4.99 _xR; where L = fish length in mm, R = otolith radius 20 X). The life span of females seemed to be longer than that of males, indicating a differential mortality with sex. The growth was lower than that in the Catalane Sea. The maximum age of fish collected was VIII and the maximum fork length estimated by von Bertalanffy equation was 356 mm. Weight increased as the 3.054252 power or the length. Reproduction was observed to take place between winter and early spring and occasionally in early winter. Males began to mature after completion of the second year and the females after the third. The exploitation rate was rather high, which suggests that the rock gurnard stock was overfished in Saronikos Gulf. The male to female ratio was usually 1:1.     

Age,growth and reproduction of a population of spined loach,Cobitis taenia (L.)

751 specimens of spined loach, Cobitis taenia (L.), were collected and studied over the period October 1972–October 1974. The majority of the males were found to die at the end of the 2+ season and the majority of the females at the end of the 3+ season. Back calculations for length at age were carried out from otolith measurements and found to correspond closely to actual measurements. Males and females grew similarly up until the end of their 1+ year of life, with most rapid growth occurring in the first year. Females continued to grow rapidly up to 2+, the rate then being reduced; the males showed an increasingly reduced rate of growth after the 1+ year. Ford Walford plots gave L∞ results which corresponded closely in most cases with the largest observed specimens. Gonad development and maturation of males and females followed different patterns. Males matured during the 1 + year at a length of approximately 40 mm from which point their dry gonad weight remained at a steady 0.02–0.03% of the body weight. Females appeared to mature a year later and their ovary weight and oocyte diameter increased with fish age. A seasonal cycle in gonad development was evident in females. There was a greater proportion of females to males, especially in the older age group. Spawning time was estimated to be between June and July.     

珠江口花鰶的生物学特征研究

为了解珠江花鰶(Clupanodon thrissa)的生物学特征变化及资源现状, 2020年10月至2021年9月在珠江口广州江段逐月采集花鰶样本共408尾,根据生物学测量、年龄结构分析和组织学等方法,对花鰶的年龄、生长及繁殖特征进行分析。结果表明,雌性花鰶的平均体长为(173.60±17.10) mm,平均体重为(92.30±24.37) g,雄性平均体长为(155.94±15.10) mm,平均体重为(65.81±19.97) g。花鰶种群由0⁺—5⁺龄个体组成,以1⁺—3⁺龄为主,占总样本量的89.03%。花鰶体长与体重呈幂函数关系:W=1×10^-5L^3.0525 (R²=0.9057),为匀速生长类型。采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程描述珠江口花鰶的生长特性,生长参数分别为:渐进体长L_∞=176.14 mm,渐进体重W_∞=71.70 g,生长系数k=0.62,理论生长起点...     

阿根廷滑柔鱼年间生长及体征变化

阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)的生长发育及体征变化, 可表征其能量积累和生殖投入方面的生活史策略, 并随之影响繁殖成效和资源补充量。为此, 研究根据2012—2014年在西南大西洋索饵育肥场采集的阿根廷滑柔鱼样本, 采用残差指标分析方法和广义线性混合效应模型, 分析了阿根廷滑柔鱼个体的体质量-胴长关系和体征变化的差异性。结果显示, 阿根廷滑柔鱼样本的总体雌雄比例为1.25﹕1; 雌性和雄性个体体型均以2014年的为最大, 分别为(271.7±28.3)和(244.7±17.3) mm; 2012年和2013年样本的胴长差异性不显著, 前者雌性和雄性胴长分别为(207.9±31.0)和(201.1±28.9) mm, 后者雌性和雄性胴长分别为(213.6±18.0)和(203.5±19.0) mm。每个年份雌性和雄性个体的体质量与胴长呈显著的幂函数关系, 且每个年份幂函数关系式的b值与匀速生长b=3存在差异。雌性和雄性个体体征的年间差异明显, 同年度不同月份之间的体征亦存在显著差异(2012年雌性除外)。雌性和雄性个体的体征与胴长密切相关, 胴长×月份作用对不同月份个体体征的影响效应具有一致性, 即个体越大体征较差。以上结果表明, 阿根廷滑柔鱼的生长为异速生长, 体征存在年间和月份差异性, 体征与胴长呈显著的负相关关系。     

The relationship between otolith size and estimated age of tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber Bloch and Schneider, 1801) in Oman Sea,Iran

The relationships between somatic growth and otolith dimensions, otolith size to estimated age and growth parameters of the tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber) were investigated in 100 specimens (size range: 19.1–52.0 cm, total length) from the Oman Sea area, September 2014. All 100 otoliths were sectioned and determined by age. The oldest specimen was a 4.5‐year‐old female with a total length of 40.6 cm; the youngest specimen was also a female estimated at 1 year of age with a total length of 19.1 cm. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was estimated as L_t = 54.70 (1 ? exp (?0.37 (t + 0.21))). Concluded was that there is a significant relationship between body size, otolith dimensions and estimated age of Otolithes ruber.     

瓦氏黄颡鱼的繁殖生物学研究

研究了长江中游嘉鱼至新滩口江段瓦氏黄颡鱼的繁殖生物学。性腺发育可分为6个时期。4-7月性成熟系数较高,为繁殖季节。雌、雄鱼的肥满度和脂肪系数在繁殖前和繁殖后各出现1个峰值,繁殖期出现最小值。绝对繁殖力为1088-19765(粒),平均7728±4093(粒);相对繁殖力为23-88(粒),平均55±16(粒)。绝对繁殖力与体长、体重和年龄呈显著的正相关,其中体重与绝对繁殖力的关系最密切。群体性比接近1:1。属一次性产卵类型。两性最小性成熟年龄均为2龄。为补充群体占优势的繁殖群体。     

Growth, diet and condition of goldsinny on the west coast of Scotland

A study of seasonal, locational and sexual variations of growth, diet, somatic condition ( K _s), gonadosomatic condition (GSI) and hepatosomatic condition (HSI), of the goldsinny wrasse, Ctenolabrus rupestris , was made on specimens taken from three areas (Millport, Oban and Luing) of the west coast of Scotland from May 1992 to June 1993. Capture throughout the year was by either baited creel or by anaesthetics applied underwater. Male goldsinny of age 1 year and older ranged in total length from 67-155 mm, total weight 3.8-58.8 g, and had a maximum age of 14+ years. Females of 1 year and older ranged in total length from 59-159 mm, total weight 2.4-65.4 g and had a maximum age of 20+ years. Juvenile (0 +) goldsinny were mostly of indeterminate sex, ranged in total length from 16-57 mm, and total weight 0.08-1.97 g. Female growth was slower than that of males for all three locations; growth of male and female goldsinny from Millport was slower than the respective sexes at the other two locations. Length-weight relationships varied with age and location. There were differences in K _s, GSI, HSI and dietary trends associated with variation in season, sex and location. The implications of this variation are discussed in relation to the management of a sustainable goldsinny fishery.     

武汉东湖鲢、鳙生长的几个问题的研究

采用退算法研究东湖鲢、鳙的生长,包括生长的基本模式,瞬时生长率及其变动,雌、雄鱼生长的差异等问题:1)鲢、鳙的生长模式可用von Bertalanffy方程来描述,其中鲢的参数l∞=99.8厘米、W∞=17,104克、K=0.3040、t0=0.4821年,鳙的参数l∞=117.6厘米、W∞=29,311克、K=0.3088、t0=0.5392年;2)鲢、鳙的瞬时生长率随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降,并且不同世代同龄鱼的瞬时生长率有一定的变动,其变差系数与年龄呈正相关;3)鲢、鳙的生长无显著的性别差异。通过对研究结果的综合分析,阐述了鲢、鳙4龄前后出现生长的拐折主要由其个体大小所制约,种群的不同世代和同一世代的不同个体一样存在生长补偿作用,以及瞬时生长率与肥满系数之间有着明显的对应关系。所取得的有关参数值可以应用于渔业估算。