淮河上游南湾湖麦穗鱼年龄与生长的研究

2014年的3月、5月、7月和12月在淮河上游南湾湖采集麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)样本532尾, 对麦穗鱼的年龄组成与生长进行分析。结果表明样本的体长分布范围为35.82—88.28 mm, 平均体长为(61.61±11.8) mm, 体重的分布范围为3.07—59.17 g, 平均体重为(19.23±10.73) g。雄性个体比雌性个体大, 雌雄性比为0.64鲶1。群体的年龄组成为1—3龄, 其中3龄样本数量占优势为57.38%。体长与体重的关系是雌性W=9.602E–5L2.928 (R2=0.883); 雄性W=4.487E–5L3.116 (R2=0.889), 雌雄样本间存在显著性差异(F=5.241, P<0.05)。麦穗鱼的鳞径与体长之间呈线性关系, 并且雌雄样本的鳞径与体长之间的关系差异性显著(F=78.405, P<0.05)。生长参数分别是雌性: L_∞=107.005, K=0.246, t₀= –0.76; 雄性: L_∞=145.254, K=0.181, t₀= –0.66。生长拐点是雌性3.607龄对应的体长和体重分别为70.46 mm和24.72 g, 雄性5.619龄对应的体长和体重分别为98.64 mm和73.53 g。研究结果表明雌性为匀速生长, 雄性为异速生长; 雄性麦穗鱼比雌性麦穗鱼的生长速度快。

STUDY ON THE AGE AND GROWTH OF PSEUDORASBORA PARVA FROM NANWAN LAKE UPSTREAM THE HUAIHE RIVER

Pseudorasbora parva is a native small cyprinid fish widely distributes in Asia with a considerable popula-tion. To investigate the growth, age composition and growth characteristics ofPseudorasbora parva, 532 individuals were collected from three different water inlets of Nanwan Lake in March, May, July and December. The results showed that the body length were ranged from 35.82 to 88.28 mm with the mean of (61.61±11.8) mm, and that the body weight were ranged from 3.07 to 59.17 g with the mean of (19.23±10.73) g. The age were ranged from 1 to 3.3 years and the dominant population with the mean of 57.38% were individuals with 3 years. The relationship between body length and body weight wereW=9.602E–5L2.928 (R2=0.883) for female andW=4.487E–5L3.116 (R2=0.889) for male, which showed a significant difference between male and female (F=5.241,P<0.05). A linear relationship was found between the scale radius and body length, which was significantly affected by gender (F=78.405,P<0.05). Growth parameters wereL∞=107.005,K=0.246 andt0= –0.76 for female andL∞=145.254,K=0.181 andt0= –0.66 for male, re-spectively. The growth inflexion of female (3.607 years) were 70.46 mm for body length and 24.72 g for body weight, and the growth inflexion of male (5.619 years) were 98.64 mm for body length and 73.53 g for body weight. These re-sults suggest that the female was isauxesis while the male was allometric, and that the male had a faster growth rate than female.