中国涡虫新纪录科微口涡虫属一新种(大口虫目,微口虫科)及其分子系统学分析

本文报道中国涡虫新纪录科,中国微口涡虫,新种Microstomum sinensis n.sp.。标本采自中国广东省深圳市南山区蛇口码头海边。该新种具有横裂殖和有性生殖个体。所有个体均具雄性生殖器官,其交配刺骨质,整体呈钩状,全长60~75μm,基部呈漏斗状,从基部到末端刺管直径逐渐缩小。交配刺后1/3弯曲位于基部所在平面之外,弯曲程度接近半圆,末端开口呈尖叶状。另对其16S r DNA和28S r DNA进行了分子系统学分析,确定了其分类地位。     

中国涡虫一新纪录科达氏涡虫属一新种(单肠目,达氏科)

记述了中国涡虫纲单肠目1新纪录科达氏科达氏涡虫属1新种,即中国达氏涡虫Dalyellia sinensis sp.nov..新种的主要鉴别特征是:表皮下有许多单细胞绿藻Chlorella sp.,体表呈绿色;体长2 200 μm,体中部宽475μm,几丁质阴茎长178 μm,柄2根,柄长100μm,柄宽13～15 μm,两柄间距188 μm,分支2条,呈心形排列,阴茎上有几丁质刺22根,分支末端的刺长是基部刺长的1/5.标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院形态学研究室.     

斯库台涡虫属一新种(单肠目,斯库台科)及其分子系统学分析

本研究报道单肠目Rhabdocoela斯库台科Scutariellidae斯库台涡虫属Scutariella新种:中国斯库台涡虫,新种Scutariella sinensis sp.nov.,对其进行了形态学、分子系统学等研究。新种的主要鉴别特征:(1)二支卵黄腺在背部两侧沿肠管分布,在近肠后部愈合,整体呈"U"型;(2)生殖孔位于肠前端腹侧;(3)咽腺丰富,位于咽肠交界处的两侧;(4)精巢、卵巢位于肠道前1/3腹侧。新种的18S rDNA和28S rDNA分子系统发生研究首次提供了切头类斯库台科的分子数据,确定切头亚目Temnocephalida的分类地位及该亚目与吸虫类的进化关系。     

杰氏涡虫属一新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)

报道单肠目达氏科杰氏涡虫属1新种,武夷山杰氏涡虫Gieysztoria wuyishanensis Wang et Lai,sp.nov.,隶属于杰氏涡虫属异刺群钩刺亚群,该亚群涡虫在中国属首次报道.标本由张宇于2005年5月6日采自福建省南平市武夷山九曲溪(27°45′N,118°1′E)的溪边水草间,水温18℃,pH7.8.详细描述了新种形态特征,所有标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

中国大口涡虫属一新种记述(大口虫目,大口虫科)

记述大口涡虫属1新种,即厦门大口涡虫Macrostomum xiamensis sp.nov..新种的主要鉴别特征是几丁质交接刺光滑、较细长,表面无几丁质瓣膜.其远端呈螺旋状弯曲,弯曲部的平面上夹角达60度,压片后的夹角达100度,螺旋部超过半圈,交接刺末端呈注射器针的末端,开口于螺旋状弯曲面的外侧.标本采自厦门市区菩陀寺的淡水荷花池塘内,水质属富营养型.所有标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院实验室.     

杰氏涡虫属一新种及中国一新纪录种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)

报道中国杰氏涡虫属1新种:丽杰氏涡虫Gieysztoria pulchra sp.nov.,标本采于广东省梅州市郊区鱼塘,对新种涡虫的形态特征作了详细描述,并与杰氏涡虫属所有物种进行了比较;中国1新纪录亚种:大变杰氏涡虫九刺亚种Gieysztoria macrovariata 9-spinosa Luther,1955,标本分别采自安徽芜湖市和湖北省武汉市东湖.所有标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院形态学研究室.     

小达氏涡虫属一新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)

报道中国小达氏涡虫属1新种:湖南小达氏涡虫Microdalyellia humanensis nov.sp.,模式标本采集于湖南新宁县莨山镇黄背村(26°44′N,110°84′E),对新种涡虫的形态特征作了详细描述,所有标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院.     

中国涡虫一新纪录科肠口涡虫属一新纪录种格氏肠口涡虫(原卵黄目, 柱口科)

原卵黄目(Prolecithophora)柱口科(Cylindrostomidae)肠口涡虫属(Enterostomula)为海栖涡虫,全球记录3种,在中国未见报道。作者在广东省深圳市深圳湾海边(22°31'N,113°56'E)采集到一种海栖涡虫。本文对该种涡虫进行了较为详细的比较研究,鉴定为柱口科肠口涡虫属格氏肠口涡虫(E.graffi de Beauchamp,1913),为中国新纪录科新纪录属一新纪录种。该种涡虫多数个体背部具2条黑色横纹,部分个体背部花纹有明显变化。眼点2对。雌雄同体,精巢、卵巢各1个。受精囊位于卵巢与子宫之间;子宫位于体末端,后接一微小的外阴道。本文发现:①该涡虫的尾部腹面具有一个交配囊及一根雌性生殖管,交配囊是一个由肌肉层组成的袋状囊,同时与子宫、雌性生殖管相连;②雌性生殖管外围有明显的生殖腺包裹;③雌性生殖管孔、阴茎孔与口孔一起通往体外;④此种涡虫喜分泌黏液将微小杂质粘结呈半球状窝,虫体隐藏于窝内。     

中国涡虫一新纪录科宫孔科米罗涡虫属一新种(扁形动物门,三肠目)

三肠目Tricladida海栖亚目Maricola宫孔科Uteriporidae涡虫在中国尚无记录,其科内的米罗涡虫属Miroplana全球仅记录2种,对其生境与属征,乃存争议.本文报道米罗涡虫属1新种,深圳米罗涡虫M.shenzhensis Wang et Yu,sp.nov..此新种生境位于广东珠江支流-东江惠州市上游江边沉水植物间,离珠江220 km,江水是深圳与香港的生活供水水源.研究对采自广东多处淡水与微咸水生境的深圳米罗涡虫新种个体,进行形态学、繁殖、个体发育、食性、习性、组织学等做了较为详细的比较研究.鉴别特征:生活标本前端圆钝,尾部“V”形,眼1对,呈横向“V”形,黑色,位于头端2侧.背部有3条粗的黑色横纹.雌性同体,阴茎位于雌性生殖管左侧,其表面分布有密集的骨质三角形小刺,远端部分顺射精管内翻.游泳敏捷,喜捕猎水溞.交配后产卵1枚,1枚卵平均孵化7只幼虫.刚孵化幼体背部无横纹,之后分别增加.尾部横纹发生数天后性成熟.最后对其生境及生态学意义做了简要讨论.     

澳洲异尾涡虫（无肠目，盘旋科）新纪录及描述

本文对分布于广东省深圳市深圳湾体育中心海边(22°30'58″N,113°56'1″E)的一种褐绿色涡虫的形态、发育、行为等做了详细观测,并对其进行了分类学与动物地理方面的讨论。结果表明,此涡虫表皮内具共生的虫黄藻(Zooxanthella microadriatica),另具菌丝状分布的棕色颗粒。头部钝圆,具1对米粒状棕色眼点和1个平衡囊。尾后两侧具2条并列的尾垂,其形状和大小与涡虫尾部的舒展状态相关。雌雄同体,生殖孔2个,位于口后,雌孔在前,雄孔在后。卵巢、精巢成双,分别位于腹侧与背侧。受精囊呈哑铃型,囊内具2~12根囊管。阴道呈倒"T"形,其表皮由柱状细胞构成。精巢内精子集聚成束,向体后两侧延伸成假储精囊,汇入储精囊。储精囊环抱阴茎球。涡虫利用纤毛的摆动在水底滑动,或利用两侧身体的摆动呈蝶状游泳。喜捕食微型涡虫与轮虫,人工饲养可摄食水蚤或水溞。经比较,鉴定为无肠目盘旋科(Convolutidae)异尾属(Heterochaerus)澳洲异尾涡虫(H.australis Haswell,1905),属中国涡虫1新纪录目1新纪录种。     

耳河螺生殖器官和精子的形态学研究

耳河螺「Ｒｉｖｕｌａｒｉａ ａｕｒｉｃｕｌａｔａ （Ｍａｒｔｅｎｓ）」为雌雄异体。雄性生殖器官由精巢,输精小管,贮精囊,输精管,前列腺和阴茎组成。精巢内有精子,精子有典型精子和非典型精子两种。扫描电镜下,典型精子头部呈螺旋状,尾端只有一根较粗壮;非典型精子头部和中部为棒状,尾部呈扫帚状,由８－１５根鞭毛组成。     

中国美绥螨属1新种和大陆1新记录（蜱螨亚纲：中气门目：美绥螨科）

记述中国美绥螨属1新种：拟筐美绥螨Ameroseius imitocorbiculus sp．nov．和大陆1新记录：越南美绥螨Ameroseius vietnamensis Micherdzinski,1955。     

Two New Species of Afronurus (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from Vietnam

ABSTRACT Two new species of the heptageniid mayfly genus Afronurus Lestage, Afronurus meo sp. n. and Afronurus mnong sp. n., are described from Vietnam with line-drawings of key characters. The larvae of A. meo can be characterized by rowed minute spines in the posterior margin of the abdominal terga 1-9 and distinct markings on anterior head, dorsal femora, and abdominal terga. The larvae of A. mnong can be characterized by scattered simple stout setae on the anterior margin and dorsal surface of femora, rowed acute spines on the posterior margin of abdominal terga 1-9, and plain brown body color. Their diagnoses, material data, distributions, and habitat and biological data are provided.     

A scanning electron microscope study on the tegument of Proalarioides kobayashii Park, 1940 (Trematoda)

A SEM study was performed on the surface of adult P. kobayashii Park, 1940, recovered from the snake, Elaphe rufodorsata. The anterior part of the worms was cup-shape and equipped with oral, ventral suckers, pseudosuckers, and tribocytic organ, and the posterior one was finger-like and round-ended. The tegument of the anterior body was covered with 3-4 pointed small spines on the mid-ventral surface and 1-2 pointed ones on the lateral surface. Sensory papillae such as type II, dome-shape ones, and papillae with an opening were distributed over the ventral surface of the anterior portion. The round tribocytic organ was bearing small stout spines laterally, whereas the surface which comes in contact with the host tissues consisted of numerous long fibrillar fibers. The lip of the oral sucker contained type II papillae. Lateral margin of the anterior body revealed type III papillae.     

寄螨亚科6已知种补充描述（蜱螨亚纲：革螨股）

对短毛寄螨Parasitus brachychaetus Ma,1986;王氏寄螨Parasitus wangdunqingi Ma,1995;二刺寄螨Parasitus bispinatus Ma,1996;北方糙革螨Trachygamasus borealis Ma et Wang,1996;三尖常革螨Vulgarogamasus trifidus Ma,1987和甘肃常革螨Vulgarogamasus gansuensis Ma,1987进行了补充描述。     

Two Species of Stephanostomum Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Acanthocolpidae) from Marine Fishes off Namibia,Including S. Beukelaardori n. sp.

Stephanostomum kovalevae Parukhin, 1968 from the intestine of Lophius vomerinus off Swakopmund, Namibia, is redescribed. It is characterised by its large number (c. 73-88) of circum-oral spines, its relatively very long hindbody and the vitellarium reaching close to or just overlapping the ventral sucker. S. beukelaardori n. sp., from the intestine of Zenopsis conchifera off Walvis Bay, Namibia, is described. It belongs to the group of species where the vitellarium reaches the ventral sucker, and which has c. 32-38 circum-oral spines. It is closest to S. casum (Linton, 1910), but differs in lacking the lining of prominent spines in the ejaculatory duct, probably in egg-size and in both forebody and hindbody lengths.     

中国小无环咽属线虫一新纪录种(线虫纲,矛线目,无环咽科)

描述了采自山东省沂水县烟草Nicotiana tabacum Linn.根围土的中国线虫1新纪录种,钝尾小无环咽线虫Aporcelaimellus obtusicaudatus(Bastian,1865)Altherr,1968。该种主要的鉴别特征是雌虫虫体中等到大型,角质层由明显的2层组成;唇区角状,明显缢缩,唇瓣彼此分离;齿针强壮,长22.1(19.9～27.1)μm,其开口占齿针长的一半;食道矛线型,贲门圆锥形;雌虫双生殖腺,阴门通常位于体中部,内阴唇骨化明显,呈心形;内阴唇和阴道总长约占阴门处体宽的2/5;尾长31.9(23.2～37.3)μm,是肛门处体宽的0.7(0.6～0.8)倍,尾呈钝圆锥形到半球形,末端圆,有厚的肌肉层,肛门后有粗糙的放射状条纹。它与A.faridpuriensis的主要区别在于:齿针较短(19.9～27.1μm vs.35～39μm),前直肠较短(96.2μm vs.145μm)。它与A.krygeri的主要区别在于:齿针较短(22.1μm vs.25μm),尾较长(23.2～37.3μm vs.20～25μm),c’值大(0.6～0.8vs.0.2～0.3),尾呈钝圆锥形到半球形,A.krygeri尾非常短,半球形且背凹,具钉状末端(Singh,Sharma&Khatoon,2002;T horne,1974)。讨论了钝尾小无环咽线虫的已有报道和国内分布,对Aporcelaimellus属及相关属科的中文译名进行了厘订。     

寄生于洪湖经济鱼类鳃上的单殖吸虫包括二新种的描述

本文报告寄生子洪湖经济鱼类鳃上的单殖吸虫共60种,包括描述指环虫和三代虫各一新种,并有若干寄主新记录及长江流域新记录。       

A new aporocotylid (Digenea) species from blood vascular system of gag grouper, Mycteroperca microlepis (Perciformes: Serranidae), off Alabama, with an emendation of Pearsonellum Overstreet & Køie, 1989

Pearsonellum lemusi n. sp. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) infects the blood vascular system of the gag grouper, Mycteroperca microlepis (Perciformes: Serranidae), in the north central Gulf of Mexico, approximately 80 km south of Dauphin Island, Alabama (29°34'09″N, 88°22'16″W). The new species can be most easily differentiated from its only congeners Pearsonellum corventum Overstreet and K?ie, 1989 (type species) and Pearsonellum pygmaeus Nolan and Cribb, 2004 , both of which infect Australian serranids, by the combination of having a large adult body (3,237 × 570 μm), a cecal intersection comprising an elongated medial channel, anterior ceca >10% of total body length, ovary narrower than testis, and pre-ovarian uterus not looping between testis and ovary. The embryonated eggs of the new species infect gill epithelium, are spheroid, and measure 25-30 μm in diameter. Sympatric Gulf of Mexico serranids were negative for aporocotylid infections: coney, Cephalopholis fulva (n = 1); Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (3); red grouper, Epinephelus morio (32); yellowedge grouper, Epinephelus flavolimbatus (1); rock hind, Epinephelus adscensionis (1); red hind, Epinephelus guttatus (2); Warsaw grouper, Epinephelus nigritus (3); graysby, Cephalopholis cruentata (1); black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci (1), and tattler, Serranus phoebe (2). The new species is the first aporocotylid described from a serranid outside of the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The diagnosis of Pearsonellum Overstreet and K?ie, 1989 is herein emended to include anterior sucker having concentric rows of spines anterior to mouth, pharynx absent, esophagus length <1/2 total body length, vas deferens connecting with cirrus sac anteromedially, ovary occupying posterior 1/4-1/3 of body, primary vitelline duct dextral, and oviducal seminal receptacle extending posteriad in parallel with lateral body margin, not transverse nor constricted anteriorly or posteriorly by sharp bends or kinks.