贵州大洞口内若干动物群落研究

对贵州大洞口内的软件体动物、节肢动物脊椎动物进行了观察和采集,共获标本５１０号,隶属３门６纲１１目１７科。且对动物群落进行了研究。结果表明多样性指数最高是群落Ａ（２．１６１６）,群落Ｄ的多样性指数测为零;相似性指数最高是群落Ｂ－Ｃ（０．５６３２）而落Ｂ－Ｄ和Ｃ－Ｄ两者的相似性指数均为零,此外,还对洞穴的季节动态和空间分布进行了分析。     

泰山地区原尾虫群落结构的初步研究

原尾虫终生生活在土壤中 ,是真正的土壤动物 (尹文英 ,1992ａ) ,对环境变化极为敏感。对其生态学进行研究 ,在环境监测与保护方面具有一定的意义。在我国 ,原尾虫研究多为分类学 ,而生态学研究较少 (尹文英等 ,1981,1988;尹文英 ,1992ｂ ;张骏等 ,1996 ;傅荣恕等 ,1999)。本文拟对 1996年 4月～ 1997年 4月泰山地区原尾虫群落调查结果进行初步的分析和讨论。1　材料与方法1 1　调查地点　设在泰山地区北部的莲台山、千佛山及华山。采样点的设置主要考虑植被、坡向、海拔高度等因素。调查共设样点 8个 ,其中莲台山 4个 ,千佛山 2个 ,华山 2个…     

吸血蠓群落的地理分布

吸血蠓群落的地理分布ＧＥＯＧＲＡＰＨＩＣＡＬＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＬＯＯＤ－ＳＵＣＫＩＮＧＭＩＤＧＥＣＯＭＭＵＮＩＴＩＥＳ关键词吸血蠓群落,聚类分析,地理分布ＫｅｙｗｏｒｄｓＢｌｏｏｄ－ｓｕｃｋｉｎｇｍｉｄｇｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓ,Ｃｌｕｓ...     

云南省原尾虫多样性的研究

本文运用５种多样性参数,对１９９２－１９９３年间在云南省采集的８７个土壤样品中的３８３５头原尾虫进行了分析。得到了一批相关的数据,进行了特点分析。并与其它土壤动物的数据进行了比较。得出以下结果：１）云南省原属虫种类丰富,共有５２种;２）优势种是天目巴虾;３）云南省的原尾虫中稀有种较多。     

福建武夷山甜槠群落能量的研究

在生物量、生产力研究基础上,对武夷山甜槠（Ｃａｓｔａｎｏｐｓｉｓ ｅｙｒｅｉ（Ｃｈａｍ ｐ．ｅｘ Ｂｅｎｔｈ．） Ｔｕｔｃｈ．）群落各组分的热值、群落能量现存量、能量年净固定量以及太阳能转化效率进行了研究。结果表明：（１）甜槠群落各组分样品的干重热值具有一定的差异,树皮热值最高,细根热值最低。（２）甜槠群落的能量现存量达７８０５８４．１ ｋＪ·ｍ － ２,其中地上部分为６７８９１３．８ ｋＪ·ｍ － ２,占总量的８６．９８％ ;地下部分为１０１６７０．３ ｋＪ·ｍ － ２,占１３．０２％ 。（３）甜槠群落的能量年净固定量（１９９２年）为２６８５６．２ ｋＪ·ｍ － ２·ａ－ １,林地太阳光合有效辐射能的转化效率为１．２９６％ 。     

上海大金山岛原尾虫的物种多样性及生态特征

原尾虫是土壤动物的重要类群之一,然而目前对其物种多样性及生态特征的了解仍然十分有限,岛屿生态系统中原尾虫的研究尤为欠缺。为深入探讨原尾虫的栖息地选择、空间分布、种群密度、繁殖策略及其与土壤真菌的相互作用等生态特征,于2015年秋季在大金山岛竹林、乔木林和灌木林等3种不同的植被中进行了定量采样研究。结果表明,大金山岛共发现8种原尾虫,隶属2科4属,这些物种在上海市陆域植被中均有分布,且均为东洋界种类;大金山岛秋季原尾虫的总密度为竹林(696头/m~2)乔木林(479头/m~2)灌木林(213头/m~2);竹林中原尾虫的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数显著高于灌木林(P0.05),而不同植被类型中原尾虫的Pielou均匀度、Simpson优势度和Margalef丰富度等指数无显著差异;大金山岛的原尾虫在土壤中为隔离分布,具有在适宜的微生境中集中分布的特点;发现原尾虫在野外受到病原真菌感染的直接证据;通过对原尾虫的性比和幼虫比的分析,发现其繁殖可能采取介于k对策和r对策之间的生态策略。     

羊草＋杂类草群落数量特征季节动态的研究

本文对肇州羊草＋杂类草群落主要种群、种组及群落数量特征季节动态进行了探讨。结果表明,在生长季内,羊草、蔓委陵菜群种及丛生禾草种组高度和盖度,群落的盖度及密度特征呈单峰型变化,群落最大地上生物量出现在８月５日,其值为１９７３ｇ／ｍ２干物质,而后下降;在生长季内,符合拓广了的Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ模型增长,其模型为：Ｂ＝２２４６０３８１＋ｅ５．９２８９－５．５３８８×１０２·ｔ－４．８４８４×１０４·ｔ２＋３．５３６５×１０－６·ｔ３     

北京东灵山地区植物群落为多样性的研究

选用描述种种－我度关系的 共８个模型（对数级数分布ＬＳ、对数正态分布ＬＮ、负二项分布ＮＢ和几何分布ＧＯＭ以及“分割线段”模型ＢＳＭ、天府闰优先占邻模型ＮＰＭ、Ｚｉｐｆ模型ＺＭ和和Ｚｉｐｆ－Ｍａｎｄｅｌｂｒｏｔ模型ＺＭＭ）对东灵山地区９个类型的森林群落进行了研究。结果表明,ＬＳ和ＮＢ对大多数群落可以很好地拟合,ＬＮ和ＧＯＭ对第五个群落都不能很好地拟合;ＺＭＭ可以很好地、ＮＰＭ也可以较好地拟合第一个群     

干旱气候对白羊草群落土壤水分和地上部生长的初步观察

对大旱之年白羊草（Ｂｏｔｈｒｉｃｈｌｏａ ｉｓｃｈａｅｍｕｍ）群落的善上壤水分状况和地上部的生长状况进行了研究。结果表明,白羊草群落在整个生长期都处于水分严重亏缺状态,植物生长被大大地抑制。种类少而单调,群落地上生物量、高度和盖度受上壤水分的影响沿升－降－升－降的方向变化。地上年净初级生产量仅为８３．８ｇ／ｍ＾２,比正常年份低２～４倍。干物质含量则显著高于正常年份。     

黔西北地区农田鼠类群落结构的研究

本文根据黔西北地区农田鼠类的种类组成和数量,将该地区农田鼠类划分为如下４个鼠类群落：Ａ．高山姬鼠＋社鼠群落,Ｂ．黑线姬鼠＋锡金小家鼠＋高山姬鼠群落,Ｃ．黑线姬鼠＋大足鼠＋锡金小家鼠群落和Ｄ．黑线姬鼠＋小家鼠群落。在群落Ｂ中多样性指数（１．４３３）和均匀性指数（０．６８９）最高,最低是群落Ａ,分别为０．８８９和０．４５７;最高的优势度指数（０．５０５）是群落Ａ,而群落Ｂ是０．３０３为最低;群落Ｂ和群落Ｃ之间的相似性指数（０．７５０）最高,群落Ａ和群落Ｄ之间是０．０７５为最低。     

Protura in native and exotic forests in the North Island of New Zealand

Abstract

This study provides data on population and community ecology of Protura in native forests and Pinus radiata plantations in New Zealand. Abundance, age structure, sex ratios, biodiversity, and relationship with soil chemistry are discussed. Protura were significantly more abundant in pine plantations in comparison to native forests. Among native forests, Protura were most abundant under Southern beech (Nothofagus solandri). The abundance patterns may reflect the association between Protura and fungal communities in the soil. No correlation was found between soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, pH, cation exchange capacity, and the density of Protura. Protura assemblage composition was significantly related to forest type. New Zealand endemic species were associated with native forests; species with distribution outside New Zealand dominated in pine plantations. The distribution records within New Zealand were expanded for five species. The Protura fauna of New Zealand was increased to 18 species. Berberentulus capensis, Eosentomon australicum and Australentulus tillyardi are new records for New Zealand fauna.     

Systematic and biogeographical study of Protura (Hexapoda) in Russian Far East: new data on high endemism of the group

Proturan collections from Magadan Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, and Sakhalin Oblast are reported here. Twenty-five species are found of which 13 species are new records for Russian Far East which enrich the knowledge of Protura known for this area. Three new species Baculentulus krabbensis sp. n., Fjellbergella lazovskiensis sp. n. and Yichunentulus alpatovi sp. n. are illustrated and described. The new materials of Imadateiella sharovi (Martynova, 1977) are studied and described in details. Two new combinations, Yichunentulus borealis (Nakamura, 2004), comb. n. and Fjellbergella jilinensis (Wu & Yin, 2007), comb. n. are proposed as a result of morphological examination. Keys to species of the genera Fjellbergella and Yichunentulus are given. An annotated list of all species of Protura from Russian Far East is provided and discussed. Widely distributed species were not recorded in this area. This may be because of the high sensitivity of Protura to anthropogenic impact and low dispersal ability of the group.     

The phylogenetic positions of three Basal-hexapod groups (protura, diplura, and collembola) based on ribosomal RNA gene sequences

This study combined complete 18S with partial 28S ribosomal RNA gene sequences ( approximately 2,000 nt in total) to investigate the relations of basal hexapods. Ten species of Protura, 12 of Diplura, and 10 of Collembola (representing all subgroups of these three clades) were sequenced, along with 5 true insects and 8 other arthropods, which served as out-groups. Trees were constructed with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, Bayesian analysis, and minimum-evolution analysis of LogDet-transformed distances. All methods yielded strong support for a clade of Protura plus Diplura, here named Nonoculata, and for monophyly of the Diplura. Parametric-bootstrapping analysis showed our data to be inconsistent with previous hypotheses (P < 0.01) that joined Protura with Collembola (Ellipura), that said Diplura are sister to true insects or are diphyletic, and that said Collembola are not hexapods. That is, our data are consistent with hexapod monophyly and Collembola grouped weakly with "Protura + Diplura" under most analytical conditions. As a caveat to the above conclusions, the sequences showed nonstationarity of nucleotide frequencies across taxa, so the CG-rich sequences of the diplurans and proturans may have grouped together artifactually; however, the fact that the LogDet method supported this group lessens this possibility. Within the basal hexapod groups, where nucleotide frequencies were stationary, traditional taxonomic subgroups generally were recovered: i.e., within Protura, the Eosentomata and Acerentomata (but Sinentomata was not monophyletic); within Collembola, the Arthropleona, Poduromorpha, and Entomobryomorpha (but Symphypleona was polyphyletic); and in Diplura, the most complete data set (> 2,100 nt) showed monophyly of Campodeoidea and of Japygoidea, and most methods united Projapygoidea with Japygoidea.     

Protura of Italy, with a key to species and their distribution

The Italian Protura were studied basing on 5103 specimens from 198 sampling areas, along with bibliographic data from 49 collecting sites. 17 out of the 20 Italian regions are covered. As a result, 40 species have been identified (belonging to 8 genera and 4 families), 6 of which are new records for the Italian fauna.A key to the Italian species is reported, followed by a series of distribution maps and brief remarks for some of them. A preliminary biogeographical overview allowed us to delineate the chorological categories of these species, 10 of which are actually known only in Italy. The comparison with the species richness known for some best studied Central and Eastern European Countries leads us to speculate that widening our research, Italian Protura check-list will be much implemented.     

中国西北六盘山区原尾虫研究

通过研究中国西北六盘山区采集到的原尾虫标本,对华山蚖Huashanentulus huashanensis Yin,1980进行了重新描述,补充了第Ⅰ幼虫、第Ⅱ幼虫和前成虫的描述,重新描绘了颚腺结构图,并描述了体表腺孔.同时记述华山蚖属1新种,六盘华山蚖Huashanentulus liupanensis sp.nov.,新种的主要特征是颚腺管粗短,前足跗节上感器a极长大,并与华山蚖进行了比较区别.文中列出了六盘山区原尾虫的种类名录,共包括15种,分别是青海夕蚖Hesperentomon chinghaiensis Yin,1982,棘腹夕蚖H.pectigastrulum Yin,1984,中国原蚖Proturentomon chinensis Yin,1984,天目巴蚖Baculentulus tianmushanensis Yin,1963,河南肯蚖Kenyentulus henanensis Yin,1983,九寨肯蚖K.jiuzhaiensis Tang et Yin,1986,华山蚖Huashanentulus huashanensis Yin,1980,六盘华山蚖H.liupanensis sp.nov.,中华诺蚖Nosekiella sinensis Bu et Yin,2008,双腰富蚖Fujientomon dicestum Yin,1977,东方古蚖Eosentomon orientalis Yin,1965,大眼古蚖E.megalenum Yin,1989,日升古蚖E.asahi Imadaté,1961,三纹拟异蚖Pseudanisentomon trilinum Zhang et Yin,1981,小孔拟异蚖P.minystigmum Yin,1979.新种模式标本保存在上海昆虫博物馆.     

原尾纲重新分群的特征分析(六足总纲)

1996年第20届国际昆虫学大会（意大利佛罗伦萨）上,尹文英根据多年研究的新发现提出了原尾纲Protura分为3目10科的新建议,仅刊登在该次会议的论文摘要中,至今尚未能详细阐述重新分群的重要特征和分析。本文拟就原尾纲不同类群的成虫和幼虫主要特征进行分析和比较,结果证明原尾纲分为3目（Yuan目、华Yuan目和古Yuan目）10科,更符合原尾虫客观发展的自然规律。     

Ribosomal DNA gene and phylogenetic relationships of Diplura and lower Hexapods

The monophyly of Diplura and its phylogenetic relationship with other hexapods are important for understanding the phylogeny of Hexapoda. The complete 18SrRNAgene and partial 28SrRNA gene (D3-D5 region) from 2 dipluran species (Campodeidae and Japygidae), 2 proturan species, 3 collembolan species, and 1 locust species were sequenced. Combining related sequences in GenBank, phylogenetic trees of Hexapoda were constructed by MP method using a crustaceanArtemia salina as an outgroup. The results indicated that: (i) the integrated data of 18SrDNA and 28SrDNA could provide better phylogenetic information, which well supported the monophyly of Diplura; (ii) Diplura had a close phylogenetic relationship to Protura with high bootstrap support.     

青冈林土壤动物群落结构在落叶分解过程中的演替变化

１９９３年５月－１９９５年４月,采用落叶袋法研究了中亚热带青冈（Ｃｙｃｌｏｂａｌａｎｏｐｓｉｓｇｌａｕｃａ）林土壤动物在落叶分离过程中的演替,变化,用多样性指数,演替指数,相似系数分析土壤动物群落结构的季节变化和在落叶分解过程中的演替,分解出现的类群,密度最高的为蜱螨目（Ａｃａｒｉｎａ）其次为弹尾目（Ｃｏｌｌｅｍｂｏｌａ）,二者个体数之和占总数的９２．７％,其他依次为：双翅目（Ｄｉｐｔｅｒａ）膜翅