甘肃党河地区第三纪中期的跳鼠化石

描述了产自甘肃省党河地区第三纪中期的跳鼠化石 3属 7种。其中 5种 (Parasminthusasiae centralis,P .tangingoli,P .parvulus,Heterosminthuslanzhouensis和LitodonomyscfL .huangheensis)产自狍牛泉组上部 ,时代为晚渐新世。产自早中新世 (?)铁匠沟组中部的 2种是中间异蹶鼠 (新种 ) (Heterosminthusintermediussp.nov .)和西水简齿鼠 (新种 ) (Litodonomysxishuiensissp .nov .)。Heterosminthusintermedius的主要特征是 :M2的前齿带较短而低 ,m1的下次脊较向前斜伸 ,与下中尖前的下外脊相连 ;在颊齿的宽窄比例和其他一些特征上介于H .orientalis和H .lanzhouensis之间。Litodonomysxishuiensis的主要特征为 :下臼齿比例上较宽短 ,下外脊位于纵中线附近 ;下中脊在m1中长 ,在m2中无 ;m2和m3下前边尖很发育 ,但孤立 ;m3下中凹和下外凹明显缩短等。探讨了Heterosminthus和Litodonomys的进化趋势和铁匠沟组中部的时代。     

甘肃省党河地区的新生代地层和青藏高原隆升

甘肃省党河流域是亚洲渐新统的经典地区之一 ,但长期以来人们对这一地区的地层层序和时代的认识并不清楚 ,命名也很混乱。我们的考察表明该地区新生代地层包括渐新统狍牛泉组 (新建组 ) ,中新统铁匠沟组 (新建组 ) ,中新统—上新统和更新统四套 ;产有代表三个不同时代的哺乳动物群 :早渐新世晚期叮沟、晚渐新世燕丹图和早中新世西水沟三个哺乳动物群。该地区的岩性和地质构造表明 ,青藏高原在中新世时发生过强烈的抬升     

甘肃临夏盆地牙沟的哺乳动物化石及有关地层问题

记述了临夏盆地牙沟地点除巨犀以外的 8类哺乳动物化石 :Tsaganomysaltaicus、Mega lopterodonsp .、Schizotheriumordosium、Hyracodontidaegen.etsp .indet.、Ardyniaaltidentatasp .nov.、Ardyniasp .、Aprotodonlanzhouensis和Paraentelodoncf.P .macrognathus。新种Ardyniaalti dentata的主要特征是 :个体大 ,齿冠高 ;M2冠高大于冠长 ,“小刺”异常发育 ,后脊退缩 ;下臼齿下三角座变短 ,外中沟位于齿长的前 1 /3处。牙沟、椒子沟和毛沟底部地层中所发现的哺乳动物化石均产自同一层位 ,其时代为晚渐新世 ,而不是早中新世。含化石的地层属椒子沟组。李吉均等所建中庄组应予废除     

安徽贵池晚古新世哺乳类

记述了在安徽省贵池县梅埂地区红层中发现的3种哺乳动物化石,其中包括钝脚目全棱齿兽科1新属新种——翟氏贵池脊齿兽（Guichilambdazhaiigen．etsp．nov.）。新属与古脊齿兽属较为相似,但在个体大、上颊齿横宽、上臼齿中附尖弱、下颌骨具前外凸缘、下臼齿三角座和跟座V形夹角小等方面又明显不同于该属任何已知种。文中还根据所发现化石的进化水平和组合性质,并与国内外有关层位对比,定地层时代为晚古新世。     

江苏泗洪早中新世下草湾组仓鼠科化石(英文)

描述了20世纪80年代在江苏泗洪早中新世下草湾组采集的5属5种仓鼠类动物化石,其中包括1新属和4新种,即Eumyarioninae亚科的Alloeumyarion sihongensis gen.et sp.nov.,Cricetodontinae亚科的Cricetodon wanhei sp.nov.,Copemyinae亚科的Primus pusillus sp.nov.和Democricetodon suensis sp.nov.,以及Megacricetodontinae亚科的Megacricetodon sinensis Qiu et al.,1981。Cricetodon,Democricetodon和Megacricetodon属常见于早、中新世地层,并有较广泛的地理分布;Primus属仅发现于印度次大陆下中新统;新属Alloeumyarion可能与Eumyarion属有较接近的亲缘关系。泗洪发现的仓鼠是该哺乳动物群中种类最多、材料最丰富的一类啮齿动物。泗洪地点位于现代东洋界与古北界的过渡地带,这一化石组合的出现为我国中新世哺乳动物地理及其演变的研究提供了有用的证据。根据仓鼠类化石的研究,下草湾组的时代很可能属于早中新世晚期,或者是中国陆相哺乳动物时代的山旺期,大体相当于欧洲陆相哺乳动物时代的奥尔良期或MN4带的时代。这些新属和新种的特征如下:异美鼠(新属)(Alloeumyarion gen.nov):美鼠亚科中个体中等者。牙齿低冠;齿尖中度鼓胀、趋于脊形。上臼齿三根,内谷前指向,原脊和后脊近横向平行排列,无前尖后刺;M1前叶前后向伸长,前边尖简单,有宽大的后边谷,但无前脊刺;M2的原脊稍前指向,舌侧与原尖前边连接;M3的后部明显退化。下臼齿双根,下外谷横向、近对称;m1下前边尖简单,下前脊单一,下原尖和下次尖的后臂不很发育;m2无下次尖后臂。万合古仓鼠(新种)(Cricetodon wanhei sp.nov.):个体中等大小。M1和M2四齿根,在早期磨蚀的牙齿中有清楚的后边谷,但外脊发育弱;M1的前边尖简单或略微分开;M2前边脊舌侧支模糊;M3冠面近圆形,多数牙齿的内谷为连接原尖和次尖的脊封闭,时见原脊后刺;m1具双下后脊和短的下中脊;m3与m2等长或比m2稍大,具短的下前边脊舌侧支。细先鼠(新种)(Primus pusillus sp.nov.):个体小。M1的前叶前后向较短,前边尖和前边脊弱,原脊略后指与原尖后臂连接,后脊稍前指与次尖前臂相连;m1具较宽且呈刀形的前边尖,下次脊前指向。苏众古仓鼠(新种)(Democricetodon suensis sp.nov.):个体中等大小,颊齿低冠,齿尖和齿脊较弱,臼齿中脊的长度一般在中长至长之间,上臼齿的双原脊不甚发育。M1的前边尖简单而窄,原尖前臂和原脊II间常有一脊相连;M2的后脊横向或稍前向;M2和M3多具"轴脊"("axi-oloph");m1的下前边尖单一而窄小;多数m1和m2有下外中脊;m3的下中脊通常显著。     

南海北部琼东南盆地崖北凹陷渐新世沟鞭藻类

本文选取南海北部琼东南盆地崖北凹陷Y-2-X井2 197.6～4 288.5 m井段60个样品进行了沟鞭藻化石分析,结果每个样品均发现了沟鞭藻化石,共鉴定34属60种。根据沟鞭藻分布特征,对研究井段的地层进行了划分。2 197.6～2 548.1 m井段,沟鞭藻化石稀少,未建立组合。2 709.7～4 288.5 m建立了2个沟鞭藻组合,其中上部2 709.7～3 304.0 m为Homotryblium plectilum-Cordosphaeridium gracile组合,下部3 304.0 m～4 288.5 m为Homotryblium tenuispinosum-Hystrichokolpoma rigaudiae组合。依据组合特征和标志种,并与邻区沟鞭藻组合进行对比,探讨了组合的地质时代,认为上部组合的时代为晚渐新世,下部组合的时代为早渐新世。     

河北和辽宁晚侏罗世古蝉化石(同翅目:头喙亚目)(英文)

本文描述古蝉科化石2新属、6新种,即Liaocossushuegen.etsp.nov.,L.beipiaoensisgen.etsp．nov,L．exiguusgen．etsp．nov,L．fengningensisgen．etsp．nov,L．Pingquanensisgen.etsp.nov.,Miracossusingentiusgen．etsp．nov.。这批化石保存有完整的虫体标本,使作者能够进一步研究古蝉类化石的虫体特征。化石采于冀北和辽西晚侏罗世义县组地层中,保存在中国地质博物馆。     

西藏申扎地区奥陶纪鹦鹉螺类化石的新材料

塔尔玛桥东-扎扛一带是近年发现的藏北地区第二个有可靠生物化石依据的奥陶系出露区。描述的鹦鹉螺化石是该区鹦鹉螺化石的一小部分,包括1新属、2新种和1未定种,分别是Taermaocerasgen.nov.,Taer-maocerasregularegen.etsp.nov.,Taermaocerasovatumgen.etsp.nov.及Taermaocearssp.。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭藻类

描述黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层(包括南部条带海相层,即原"石河北组”)的沟鞭藻类化石15属19种,含1新种和1新组合种.它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合: Odontochitina operculata Muderongia tetracantha组合(下部)和Vesperopsis zhaodongensis组合(上部);讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为典型的城子河组下部海相层的时代为Hauterivian晚期.据此,推测城子河组下部,即海相层及其下的地层时代属Valanginian晚期-Hauterivian晚期.     

西昆仑地区志留系温泉沟群的疑源类和几丁虫

西昆仑地区处于中亚腹地的高寒缺氧地带,区域地质研究程度较低。下志留统温泉沟群中-下部轻变质的碎屑岩中一直未发现可靠的化石证据。最近,在温泉沟地区志留纪地层中发现较丰富的Leiosphaeridia,Flo-risphaeridium,Conochitina,Ancyrochitina,Desmochitina,Eisenackitina,Rhabdochitina,Cyathochitina,Lag-enochitina和?Eremochitina属等疑源类和几丁虫化石分子,为温泉沟群中-下部轻变质碎屑岩的时代确定提供了重要的微体化石方面依据。     

始鼠化石在甘肃省党河地区上渐新统的发现

<正>始鼠科(Ｅｏｍｙｉｄａｅ)是一类已绝灭的小型的鼠类,在古近纪和新近纪时广布全北区,以北美(中始新世—晚中新世)和欧洲(早渐新世—晚上新世)发现的化石较丰富。过去在亚洲发现的始鼠化石极少。亚洲的第一个始鼠化石是１９８２年才发现的(郑绍华等,１９８２)。２０世纪９０年代以来,在亚洲陆续发现了一些始鼠化石,表明从中始新世到上新世时在亚洲已有始鼠生存过(Ｗａｎｇ ａｎｄ Ｅｍｒｙ,１９９０;Ｑｉｕ,１９９４,１９９６;Ｔｏｍｉｄａａｎｄ Ｓｅｔｏｇｕｃｈｉ,１９９４;Ｅｍｒｙ ｅｔ     

A NEW SPECIES OF SINOLAGOMYS(LAGOMORPHA,OCHOTONIDAE)FROM XINJIANG

<正> More than 200 upper and lower jaws of ochotonid were found in the Late Oligocene of thenorthern part of the Junggar Basin,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,in the summer of1982.Sinolagomys.a unique Paleogene lagomorph with rootless(?) cheek teeth,was erected byBohlin(1937)based on the collections from Shargaltien and Taben-buluk,Gansu province.Upto now,it has been recorded from Middle Oligocene to the Lower Miocene of Gansu,Ninxia,Nei Mongol,and Xinjiang of China,and the Mongolian People's Republic.     

铲齿象一新种在甘肃省党河地区下中新统的发现

记述了甘肃省党河地区的铲齿象化石一新种———党河铲齿象 (Platybelodondangheen sis)。其主要特征是 :下颌联合和下门齿构成宽短的铲形 ;下门齿薄 ,由单层稀少的齿柱组成 ;具较大的p3 ,p4前窄后宽 ,前齿带和跟座较小 ,m1构造简单 ,齿冠较低 ,第一齿脊无前斜脊 ,前齿带和后跟座较小。它是欧亚大陆目前所知时代最早 (早中新世 )、构造最原始的一种铲齿象。     

Oligocene-Miocene Mammalian Fossils from Hongyazi Basin and Its Bearing on Tectonics of Danghe Nanshan in Northern Tibetan Plateau

A shortage of Cenozoic vertebrate fossils in the Tibetan Plateau has been an obstacle in our understanding of biological evolution in response to changes in tectonism, topography, and environment. This is especially true for Paleogene records, so far known by only two sites along the northern rim of the Plateau. We report a Hongyazi Basin in northern Tibetan Plateau that produces at least three mammalian faunas that span Oligocene through late Miocene. Located at the foothills of the Danghe Nanshan and presently connected to the northern margin of the Suganhu Basin through the Greater Haltang River, the intermountain basin is controlled by the tectonics of the Danghe Nanshan to the north and Chahan’ebotu Mountain to the south, making the basin sediments well suited for inferring the evolutionary history of these two mountain ranges. At the bottom of the local section, the Oligocene Haltang Fauna is best compared to the early Oligocene Desmatolagus-Karakoromys decessus assemblage in the Dingdanggou Fauna in Tabenbuluk Basin. The Middle Miocene Ebotu Fauna from the middle Hongyazi section shares many taxa with the late Middle Miocene Tunggur mammal assemblage in Inner Mongolia, such as Heterosminthus orientalis, Megacricetodon sinensis, Democricetodon lindsayi, and Alloptox gobiensis. Toward the top of the section, the Hongyazi Fauna includes late Miocene elements typical of Hipparion faunas of North China. All three faunas are of typical North China-Central Asian characteristics, suggesting a lack of geographic barriers for faunal differentiation through the late Miocene. Sedimentary packages producing these faunas are arrayed from north to south in progressively younger strata, consistent with a compressive regime to accommodate shortening between Danghe Nanshan and Chahan’ebotu Mountain by thrust faults and folds. With additional constraints from vertebrate fossils along the northern flanks of the Danghe Nanshan, an eastward propagation of the Danghe Nanshan is postulated.     

步林在甘肃党河流域塔奔布鲁克地区的早期工作记录——经典脊椎动物化石地点与现代地层框架的解译

1931-1932年博格·步林在甘肃省西部塔奔布鲁克地区(又名党河地区,位于肃北县城西南)首次发现丰富的新生代哺乳动物化石。步林在塔奔布鲁克盆地中部燕丹图沟中找到三个小哺乳动物化石异常丰富的层位。三个层位紧靠在一起,其中产出的哺乳动物群被命名为燕丹图动物群。步林明确指出燕丹图动物群为晚渐新世。该动物群以后成为晚渐新世塔奔布鲁克哺乳动物期的典型动物群并沿用至今。     

内蒙古阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔地区渐新世地层剖面及动物群初步观察

内蒙古阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔地区的渐新世地层中,哺乳动物化石丰富,种类繁多。本文是这个动物群研究的初步报道,除对动物群中各成员和地层概况做了简单介绍外,还对化石层的时代作了初步探讨。     

甘肃临夏盆地的渐新世巨犀化石

描述了 2种巨犀化石 :霍尔果斯准噶尔巨犀 (Dzungariotheriumorgosense)和牙沟副巨犀(新种 ) (Paraceratheriumyagouensesp .nov.)。新种的主要特征是 :个体小 ;上颊齿齿冠高 ,有薄层白垩质覆盖 ;DP2～M1反前刺大 ,原尖后收缩沟明显 ,次尖有深的前收缩沟 ,中谷和后凹中常有附属小柱等。巨犀的演化历史可能比过去想象的更复杂。Indricotherium、Dzungariotherium和Paraceratherium为代表不同进化水平和支系的 3个属 ,不应合并为Paraceratherium一属。牙沟含巨犀化石层位的地质时代为晚渐新世。     

DISCOVERY OF TWO MID-TERTIARY MAMMALIAN FAUNAS FROM HAIYUAN, NINGXIA, CHINA

Inl988-199otheRegionalGeologicalSurveyTeamoftheGeologicalBureauofNingxia(RGSN)foundsomefossilmammalsinthelowerpartoftheHo11g1iugouFormationandtheupperpartoftheOligocene.Inl992ajointteamoflnstituteofVertebratePaleontologyandPaleoanthropo1ogy,AcademiaSinica(IVPP),andtheRGSNwenttoHaiyuailCountyandcollectedmorefossilmamma1sfromtheYuanjia-wowoareausi11gascreen-washingmethodThemammalfaunafromthelowerpartoftheHongliugouFormationiscomposedofAprotodonsp.,Indricotheriidaeindet.,Rhinoceroti…     

A new leptarctine (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from the early Miocene of the northern Tibetan Plateau: implications for the phylogeny and zoogeography of basal mustelids

A recently discovered basal mustelid carnivoran, Kinometaxia guangpui gen. et sp. nov. , is described from the lower Miocene Tiejianggou Formation in the Danghe (Tabenbuluk) area of the northern Tibetan Plateau, north-western Gansu Province, China. The new Chinese form has a double temporal crest and roughened surface on the temporal area, a small orbit, a deep zygomatic arch, an anterolaterally expanded ectotympanic that fuses with the postglenoid process, and a lateral opening of the postglenoid foramen. These cranial morphologies suggest membership in the leptarctines, a group of markedly hypocarnivorous taxa mostly confined to the Miocene of North America. The rather hypercarnivorous dentition of the new Chinese form, however, is in sharp contrast to that of the traditionally defined leptarctines that have complex and quadrate M1s and P4s. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a sister relationship of the new Chinese mustelid and Schultzogale , and together they form a basal sister clade to the advanced leptarctines such as Craterogale , Leptarctus , and Hypsoparia . The Chinese form further expands the concept of the leptarctine clade and adds additional complexity to the early evolution of the Mustelidae. It bridges a morphological gap between European and North American taxa, and supplies an important piece to the puzzle of the zoogeography of basal mustelids. Furthermore, the new leptarctine helps to constrain the age of the Danghe strata, which has important implications for the timing of tectonic activity in the northern Tibetan Plateau.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 142 , 405−421.