入侵害虫椰心叶甲的研究进展

近30年来,椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima(Gestro)在亚太椰子产区扩散蔓延,成为棕榈植物上主要害虫。2002年,该害虫入侵我国海南并暴发成灾。化学防除是控制椰心叶甲危害的首要措施,其中包括挂药包等农药缓释技术,而生物防治是控制该虫扩散蔓延的经济有效措施。从感病椰心叶甲虫体上分离的微生物杀虫剂绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae被我国和其他多个国家应用。椰心叶甲天敌寄生蜂的引进利用是可持续控制该害虫发生的重要措施。幼虫寄生蜂椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodes hispinarum和蛹寄生蜂椰心叶甲啮小蜂Tetrastichus brontispae是椰心叶甲的两种重要天敌。2004年,椰甲截脉姬小蜂和椰心叶甲啮小蜂被引入到我国,经扩繁释放后,取得了良好的控害效果,其中有些地区的椰甲截脉姬小蜂寄生率可达90%,椰心叶甲啮小蜂寄生率可达100%。连续放蜂,且椰心叶甲种群有合适虫龄被寄生蜂寄生是控害效果的关键。气候等生态因子也可能是影响寄生蜂控制靶标害虫效果的因素,应进一步加强研究。论文最后提出了未来椰心叶甲防控的研究的方向。     

椰心叶甲寄生蜂——椰甲截脉姬小蜂的生物学特性

椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodes hispinarum Boucek是椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima（Gestro）幼虫的重要内寄生蜂,2004年3月从越南引进到海南省。在实验室条件下,对椰甲截脉姬小蜂的形态、发育、繁殖、寄生潜能等生物学特性进行了初步研究。结果表明,椰甲截脉姬小蜂在24℃±2℃,RH 75%±10%条件下,卵期平均为2.8天,幼虫期6.7天,蛹期(含预蛹期)7.5天;成蜂在没有营养补充的情况下,平均存活2.5天。椰甲截脉姬小蜂的寿命受温度和补充营养的影响,雌蜂寿命长于雄蜂寿命。雌蜂平均怀卵量为43粒,产卵高峰期在交配后的12 h内。椰甲截脉姬小蜂对椰心叶甲4龄幼虫的功能反应属 HollingⅡ型,随自身密度的增加其寄生效果呈下降的趋势。     

高效氯氰菊酯和啶虫脒对螟黄赤眼蜂繁殖的亚致死效应

螟黄赤眼蜂 Trichogramma chilonis是害虫生物防治中一种重要的卵寄生蜂,其在防治害虫的同时,也会受到田间杀虫剂的影响。本研究选择高效氯氰菊酯和啶虫脒亚致死剂量,以两性生命表法计算种群参数,揭示了这两种药剂亚致死剂量对该种群生长、繁殖的影响。试验测定了高效氯氰菊酯和啶虫脒对螟黄赤眼蜂的亚致死剂量LC20值分别为0.119和1.091 mg/L。研究结果显示,经亚致死浓度LC20的啶虫脒处理后,螟黄赤眼蜂的寄生卵量显著低于对照（P<0.05）,寿命(1.17 d)显著缩短,种群参数（内禀增长率 rm、周限增长率λ、净生殖力R0和世代平均历期T）均低于对照,其中净生殖力R0（27.573）显著低于对照（P<0.05）。经亚致死剂量LC20的高效氯氰菊酯处理后,螟黄赤眼蜂的单雌产卵量显著高于对照(P<0.05)。试验结果表明高效氯氰菊酯的亚致死剂量对螟黄赤眼蜂的增殖有一定的刺激作用,而亚致死剂量的啶虫脒则会影响螟黄赤眼蜂的寄生能力,在螟黄赤眼蜂盛发期,田间施用啶虫脒时,应注意其残留量对螟黄赤眼蜂的影响。     

引进天敌椰甲截脉姬小蜂防治椰心叶甲的可行性探讨

从2 0 0 2年海南省首次在海口市发现新入侵害虫椰心叶甲Brontispalongissima(Gestro)以来,现该虫已蔓延到海南省的1 1个市县。从地理纬度、气候条件、寄主分布范围等自然条件来看,椰心叶甲也完全有可能向高纬度的临近省份扩散。直接影响到种植业及旅游业的健康发展,因此防治该虫迫在眉睫。通过海南省的生态条件,椰心叶甲的寄主和天敌特点综合分析,认为引进天敌椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodeshispinarum防治该害虫是经济有效的方法。     

三种杀虫剂亚致死浓度对川硬皮肿腿蜂繁殖和搜寻行为的影响

在实验室条件下通过药膜法研究了3种杀虫剂对川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao成蜂的毒力和对繁殖的亚致死效应,并采用EthoVision3.1行为仪分析了杀虫剂对其搜寻行为的影响.结果表明,川硬皮肿腿蜂对啶虫脒最敏感,致死中浓度LC50和亚致死浓度LC10分别为7.71和4.46 mg/L,其次为吡虫啉(11.22和6.68 mg/L)和功夫菊酯(27.72和9.36 mg/L).经啶虫脒、吡虫啉和功夫菊酯亚致死浓度(LC10)处理的肿腿蜂,亲代、F1和F2代的寄生成功率均受到抑制;经功夫菊酯处理的肿腿蜂,亲代单蜂产卵量显著增加(P＜0.05);经啶虫脒和吡虫啉肿腿蜂,亲代的出蜂率没有显著影响(P＞0.05),但对F1代影响显著(P＜0.05).经啶虫脒和吡虫啉亚致死浓度(LC10)处理的肿腿蜂搜寻行为变弱.结果表明,功夫菊酯对川硬皮肿腿蜂较安全;啶虫脒和吡虫啉对川硬皮肿腿蜂的繁殖和搜寻行为影响较大.研究结果对评估3种药剂对川硬皮肿腿蜂的安全性,为指导合理用药,协调化学防治和生物防治提供科学依据.     

椰扁甲啮小蜂寄生对椰心叶甲蛹免疫反应的影响

为了测明椰扁甲啮小蜂Tetrastichus brontispae寄生对寄主椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima蛹的血细胞和体液免疫反应的影响,开展了椰扁甲啮小蜂寄生对椰心叶甲蛹血细胞数量和延展性、血淋巴酚氧化酶活性、血淋巴黑化百分率和血细胞凝集素活性等影响的研究。结果表明：与同期未被寄生蛹相比,寄生蛹血细胞总量在寄生后2 d显著降低,但寄生后4 d显著升高; 寄生蛹的浆血细胞延展率在寄生后2 d显著降低,寄生后4 d显著升高;寄生蛹的血淋巴黑化百分率在寄生后0.5～2 d较高,寄生后3～4 d降低直至为0;寄生蛹的血淋巴酚氧化酶活性在寄生后0.5 d,1 d和4 d时显著升高;寄生蛹的血凝素活性在寄生后2 d较高,寄生后1 d和4 d较低。结果说明椰扁甲啮小蜂寄生使寄主椰心叶甲蛹血细胞和体液免疫反应呈现不规律的变化。     

椰甲截脉姬小蜂在中国的适生性分布

研究极端温度对椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodes hispinarum Bouek存活的影响。在2℃、33℃和36℃恒温条件下放置48h后,该蜂羽化率较对照来说大大降低,基本上不能羽化;而在0℃和39℃恒温条件下即使只放置24h,该蜂全部死亡。在该实验的基础上,结合其它生态学特性的研究结果,利用地理信息系统ARC VIEW3.2分析预测该虫在我国的可能适宜分布范围。结果表明:椰甲截脉姬小蜂在我国的最适宜分布范围在16.53°~19.1°N,108.61°~112.33°E,只集中在海南省的南部;适宜分布范围大体在20.03°~24.27°N,101.98°~117.65°E,集中在海南、广东、广西、云南和福建5省;潜在分布范围大体在23.3°~33.4°N,98.5°~122.1°E,主要集中在西南、华东、华中等地区的172个县。     

7种杀虫剂包衣对菜心种子安全性及保护作用评价

用啶虫脒等7种杀虫剂和其混剂对菜心种子包衣处理后,对种子安全性及保护作用进行评价,筛选适合菜心种子包衣防治黄曲条跳甲的杀虫剂。结果表明,各处理对菜心幼苗株高和株鲜重无显著影响,但对种子发芽势、发芽率、出苗率和受害指数方面的影响存在差异。苏云金杆菌(Bt)和乙基多杀菌素能提高种子发芽势、发芽率和出苗率,能显著降低菜心受害指数;啶虫脒、氟虫腈、虫螨腈和唑虫酰胺4种药剂相比,啶虫脒能显著降低菜心受害指数,氟虫腈次之,4.0 g/200 g处理剂量能显著降低菜心受害指数;虫螨腈和唑虫酰胺降低受害指数作用不显著;但啶虫脒3.0 g/200 g和4.0 g/200 g处理剂量对种子发芽势、发芽率和出苗率均有显著降低作用。氯氰菊酯与不同剂量啶虫脒、虫螨腈和氟虫腈混配后进行种子包衣处理,对种子安全性均较单剂差,前期均能显著降低种子发芽势。含有不同剂量啶虫脒的混剂与啶虫脒单剂具相似规律。总体而言,单剂Bt综合效果最优,啶虫脒、乙基多杀菌素、氟虫腈次之,虫螨腈和唑虫酰胺较差;混剂安全性较单剂差,但保护作用相对优于单剂。     

啶虫脒对淡色库蚊幼虫的致死和亚致死影响

啶虫脒是日本曹达公司新开发的一种氯代烟碱类杀虫剂,为了探讨其用于蚊虫幼虫控制的可能性,我们在室内用浸渍法测定了啶虫脒对淡色库蚊幼虫的致死和亚致死影响,结果表明,淡色库蚊幼虫对啶虫脒较敏感,幼虫的死亡高峰出现在处理后第3天,幼虫的四个龄期中,一龄最敏感,四龄耐药力最强,二在处理后72h时的LC50值分别为0.020mg/L/升和0.296mg/L。幼虫在亚致死浓度的啶虫脒溶液作用下,发育期延长,蛹重下降。说明啶虫脒可用于蚊虫幼虫的控制。     

亚致死剂量杀虫剂对两种蚜虫翅型、发育和生殖的影响

【目的】研究亚致死剂量杀虫剂对桃蚜Myzuspersicae(Sulzer)和萝卜蚜Lipaphiserysimi(Kaltenbach)翅型、发育和生殖的影响。【方法】采用叶片浸渍法测定了7种杀虫剂对两种蚜虫的毒力,并计算了实验所需的亚致死浓度LC10;采用微虫笼法测定了7种杀虫剂对桃蚜和萝卜蚜翅型分化、发育和生殖的影响。【结果】在20℃下,烯啶虫胺延长了桃蚜的发育历期;噻虫啉显著增加了桃蚜的产仔数量。在25℃,噻虫啉显著降低萝卜蚜有翅蚜比例;噻虫啉、吡虫啉、阿维菌素和烯啶虫胺延长了萝卜蚜发育历期;噻虫啉、阿维菌素、烯啶虫胺、啶虫脒和噻虫嗪显著降低了萝卜蚜产仔数量。【结论】亚致死剂量的杀虫剂对桃蚜和萝卜蚜的发育历期及产仔数量均有影响,但仅对萝卜蚜的翅型比例产生影响,对桃蚜的翅型分化比例无显著影响。     

氯虫苯甲酰胺对黑肩绿盲蝽捕食功能的影响

为协调褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) 的化学防治和生物防治提供参考, 本研究采用稻茎浸渍法研究了氯虫苯甲酰胺对黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Reuter) 捕食褐飞虱功能反应的影响。结果表明: 在氯虫苯甲酰胺的推荐剂量下, 黑肩绿盲蝽功能反应模型的结构没有改变, 但影响到了模型的各项参数。在推荐剂量下, 氯虫苯甲酰胺可降低黑肩绿盲蝽的瞬时攻击率(a′); 药剂处理后黑肩绿盲蝽若虫对褐飞虱卵、1龄若虫和2龄若虫的处理时间(Th)比对照分别增加163.03%, 104.21%和95.11%, 而黑肩绿盲蝽成虫对它们的处理时间则分别增加81.97%, 102.45%和99.52%; 药剂处理后黑肩绿盲蝽日最大捕食量(Na*)降低, 其寻找效应(S)也减弱。研究表明氯虫苯甲酰胺对黑肩绿盲蝽捕食作用存在着不良影响。     

防治新入侵害虫蜂巢小甲虫杀虫剂的室内筛选

蜂巢小甲虫Aethina tumida是一种新入侵为害蜜蜂蜂巢的危险性害虫,筛选出具有较高毒力水平的化学药剂防治该虫迫在眉睫。本文采用浸渍法测定了10种杀虫剂对蜂巢小甲虫幼虫的毒力。试验结果表明,10 mg/L高效氯氰菊酯、啶虫脒和功夫菊酯在24 h内对蜂巢小甲虫幼虫的致死率达到36.67%、33.33%和29.39%,而10 mg/L高效氯氰菊酯和功夫菊酯在48 h对蜂巢小甲虫幼虫的致死率均达到100%。啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯和功夫菊酯在24 h的LC_(50)分别为10.47 mg/L、16.94 mg/L和19.1 mg/L。其它受试的杀虫剂如多杀菌素、氟虫腈、氟啶脲、虫酰肼、敌百虫、阿维菌素和甲维盐的触杀致死率相对较低。筛选结果显示,啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯和功夫菊酯可作为目前防治蜂巢小甲虫的的重要参考防治药剂。     

Impact of cypermethrin on the functional response, predatory and mating behaviour of a non-target potential biological control agent Acanthaspis pedestris (Stål) (Het., Reduviidae)

Abstract:  The impact of the insecticide cypermethrin on the functional response, predatory behaviour and mating behaviour was studied in a non-target potential reduviid biological control agent Acanthaspis pedestris (Stål). The intensity of abnormal behaviour increased as the concentration of cypermethrin was increased. The insecticide negatively affected the functional response events such as attack ratio, handling time and rate of discovery. Cypermethrin also reduced the predatory efficiency and prolonged the mating events in A. pedestris . The type II (decelerating curve) of functional response was altered into a type IV (dome-shaped curve) by cypermethrin.     

Lethal and sublethal effects of abamectin, spinosad, methoxyfenozide and acetamiprid on the predaceous plant bug Deraeocoris brevis in the laboratory

Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Miridae), an important generalist predator in pome fruits in the western United States, was reared in the laboratory on frozen Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs and treated in a Potter spray tower to assess acute toxicity and chronic sublethal effects of abamectin, spinosad, methoxyfenozide, and acetamiprid. Acute toxicity was assessed using topical application. Sublethal effects were examined as the combined result of topical, residual and oral exposure. Two different dose rates, the full field rate and 10% rate of the full field rate, were compared to distilled water as the untreated check. Methoxyfenozide and spinosad had no acute toxicity to nymphs and adults at the 10% and full field rate, and no effect on egg hatch and nymph survival just after hatch. Acetamiprid and abamectin at the full field rate did not affect egg hatch, but the residue had moderate to high toxicity to hatched nymphs. Also, topically applied acetamiprid and abamectin had moderate to high acute toxicity to nymphs and adults at the full field rate, but moderate toxicity at the 10% rate. In sublethal bioassays, abamectin-treated adults (10% field rate) laid 80% fewer and less viable eggs compared with the untreated check. Spinosad-treated (full field rate) adults laid fewer and less viable eggs. Also, egg hatch in the subsequent generation was lower. Methoxyfenozide had no sublethal effects on adults at the full rate, but slowed development of 4th instars following treatment of 2nd instar nymphs, and lowered fecundity by 30% in the subsequent generation compared with the untreated check. Acetamiprid (10% rate) applied to nymphs or adults had no effects on development or reproduction. Results from this study suggest that the newer reduced risk insecticides, which have begun to replace organophosphate insecticides in pome fruits in the United States, are not as selective to natural enemies as initially thought. Their impact on D. brevis varied with chemistry and mode of action from primarily acute toxicity (i.e., acetamiprid) to reproductive and other sublethal effects (i.e., methoxyfenozide, spinosad) or a combination of both (i.e., abamectin). In addition to acute toxicity, sublethal effects need to be quantified in order to accurately predict the total impact of a pesticide on a natural enemy in the field.     

Lethal and sublethal effects of two new insecticides spirotetramat and flupyradifurone in comparison to conventional insecticide deltamethrin on Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

The effects of three insecticides including deltamethrin, spirotetramat and flupyradifurone on pre-imaginal stages of Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were investigated using dipping method. The mean emergence rate of T. evanescens when exposed to the recommended field concentrations of deltamethrin, spirotetramat and flupyradifurone were 62.8, 84 and 86.1%, respectively while 94.3% of the wasps emerged in the control group. According to the concentration–response experiments, the LC₅₀ values of deltamethrin, spirotetramat and flupyradifurone were 262.9, 274.8 and 334.8 ppm, respectively. The results indicated that lethal (LC₅₀) and sublethal (LC₃₀) concentrations of three tested insecticides significantly reduced the fecundity and longevity of T. evanescens. However, LC₃₀ of spirotetramat and flupyradifurone didn’t influence the oviposition duration of the wasps when compared with the control group. The gross reproductive rate (GRR), intrinsic rates of increases (r), net reproductive rate (R₀), and finite rate of increase (λ) were significantly lower in all the treated wasps in comparison with control. However, the mean generation time (T) was not affected by the sublethal concentrations of tested insecticides. According to our findings, all insecticidal treatments have adverse effects on the population of T. evanescens, notwithstanding sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone followed by spirotetramat were more compatible with adults T. evanescens in comparison with deltamethrin. However, further studies under the field conditions are required to confirm the results.     

亚致死剂量杀虫剂对异色瓢虫繁殖力的影响

为协调害虫的化学防治与生物防治,测定了吡虫啉、鱼藤酮、氰戊菊酯、阿维菌素、抗蚜威和印楝素6种杀虫剂亚致死剂量对异色瓢虫成虫繁殖力的影响．结果表明,各处理异色瓢虫每雌每日产卵量为40～55粒,吡虫啉接触法和饲喂法预处理及鱼藤酮和印楝素饲喂预处理后,均显著低于对照．所有处理间每雌累积产卵量差异不显著．6种药剂2种方式处理异色瓢虫后,其所产卵的孵化率均低于对照,从卵发育至蛹期的累积存活率均显著降低．吡虫啉两种方式处理和氰戊菊酯接触处理,从卵至蛹期的总发育历期显著延长,鱼藤酮两种方式处理和氰戊菊酯、阿维菌素、抗蚜威、印楝素饲喂法处理的总发育历期明显比对照缩短,而鱼藤酮和阿维菌素接触处理的与对照差异不显著．药剂直接浸渍处理异色瓢虫卵后,各处理卵的孵化率均较对照降低．氰戊菊酯处理的l龄幼虫存活率也明显较对照低,2龄至蛹期的存活率也有所下降．鱼藤酮和氰戊菊酯处理的总发育历期显著延长．这些研究结果显示,低剂量的杀虫剂对异色瓢虫繁殖力的影响很复杂,药剂的类型、作用方式、毒性高低以及给药途径等均影响到试验结果．     

A comparison of artificial diets for mass rearing Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as hosts for the larval and the pupal parasitoids

The coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a serious pest of coconut palm. In this study, we developed an artificial diet for B. longissima so that the beetle could be used as a host for rearing two of its parasitoids, Asecodes hispinarum Boucek (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Tetrastichus brontispae Ferrière (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The new artificial diet represents an improvement of our previous diet, which we used as a control. When beetle larvae were reared on the new diet, which contains cysteine but not cellulose powder and has twice as much coconut leaf powder as in the control, the adult emergence was 71% (approximately 2 times that in the control). We also examined the suitability of beetles fed on the new diet as hosts for the larval parasitoid A. hispinarum and the pupal parasitoid T. brontispae. The percentage of wasps that emerged from hosts that were fed the new diet was higher than that from the control-fed hosts. The new diet allowed both A. hispinarum and T. brontispae to produce adult wasps of the next generation, whereas the control only allowed T. brontispae to produce the next generation. These results suggest that the new diet is suitable for B. longissima and will facilitate mass-rearing of A. hispinarum and T. brontispae.     

Effects of insecticide sublethal concentrations on the ringlegged earwig, Euborellia annulipes (Lucas)

Integrated pest control of the sugarcane stem borer (SSB), Chila infuscatellus, recommends the use of a voracious predator as the ring legged earwig (RE), Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) and insecticide application. This study was conducted to determine sublethal effects of two recommended pyrethroid insecticides, cypermethrin and deltamethrin, on predation, the number of eggs/batch, % egg hatch and the developmental period of the offspring of RE adults. Sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin (10% EC) and deltamethrin (3% EC) at LC1 and LC10 were topically applied with a micro-applicator on tested individuals with direct and indirect methods. They were applied directly once on adults of RE or on ten 3rd instar larvae of SSB which were then fed to RE adults. Surviving adults were further investigated. Insecticide-treated RE adults with LC1 and LC10 of cypermethrin showed significantly slower onset of predation averaged 14.20 and 18.35 h, lower number of preys killed, averaged 4.8 and 4.2 larvae/d, respectively, as compared to those of untreated ones. The corresponding figures of treated adults with deltamethrin were 30.5 and 42.2 h, 4.6 and 3.8 larvae/d respectively. Similar results were obtained on RE adults that fed on insecticide-treated 3rd instar SSB larvae with the same concentrations of insecticides. The only different result was recorded on the number of preys killed by indirectly treated adults with LC1 of cypermethrin and deltamethrin averaged 9.6 and 8.8 larvae/d, respectively, which was not significantly different as compared to those of untreated ones. Insecticide-treated RE adults with LC10 of cypermethrin and deltamethrin showed significantly lower number of eggs/batch averaged 31.4 and 27.4 eggs, lower % egg hatch averaged 29.8 and 31.7%, prolonged developmental period of the offspring averaged 91.8 and 113.0 d, respectively, as compared to those of untreated ones. The corresponding figures of those from RE adults that fed on insecticide-treated 3rd instar SSB larvae were 30.7 and 37.5 eggs, 36.1 and 32.8%, 95.6 and 113.7 d, respectively, as compared to those of untreated ones. This study concluded that sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin and deltamethrin at LC1 and LC10 which did not kill RE adults reduced their predation, lowered the number of eggs/batch and % egg hatch, and prolonged the developmental period of their offspring. It is suggested that RE may not be totally safe for combination use with cypermethrin and deltamethrin in controlling SSB.     

药剂处理有蚜烟叶对异色瓢虫选择行为的影响

【背景】植物挥发物的特性之一就是可变性,多种胁迫因子,如光照、干旱等,均可导致植物挥发物组分与含量发生改变,进而影响天敌搜索猎物的行为。【方法】本试验以杀虫剂作为影响植物挥发物的胁迫因子,利用“Y”形嗅觉仪观测8种杀虫剂处理有蚜烟叶后对异色瓢虫显明变种、显现变型和二斑变型选择行为的影响。【结果】异色瓢虫对健康无蚜烟叶无明显趋性;与洁净空气相比,异色瓢虫对无药剂处理有蚜烟叶的选择率为70％～74％。在氧乐果处理后,异色瓢虫显明变种、显现变型和二斑变型对有蚜烟叶的选择率分别为32％、36％和34％,氟虫腈·高氯处理后,其选择率分别为36％、38％和36％,多杀霉素处理后,其选择率分别为40％、42％和38％,异色瓢虫对这3种杀虫剂处理有蚜烟叶的趋性明显降低;吡虫啉处理后,其选择率分别为64％、62％和60％,啶虫脒处理后,其选择率分别为62％、68％和66％,这2种杀虫剂可略微降低瓢虫的趋性反应;氯氰菊酯处理后,其选择率分别为80％、82％和80％,氯氟氰菊酯处理后,其选择率均为78％,氟氯氰菊酯处理后,其选择率分别为76％、78％和76％,这3种杀虫剂可增强瓢虫的趋性反应。【结论与意义】杀虫剂可能会对烟草挥发物的组分和含量产生影响,但不同的杀虫剂影响效果不同。