古蔺雪胆中的新三萜皂苷

从采自四川汉源县的古蔺雪胆(Hemsleya penxianensis var.gulinensiks)中分到9个三萜皂苷化合物,通过化学反应和光谱方法鉴定了它们的结构。其中7个为已知化合物,分别为齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷(1),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基齐墩果酸苷(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(4),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基—(1→3)—β—D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28—O—β—D—吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3—O—(6′—丁酯)—β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(7),3-O-(6′-丁酯)—β—D吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。两个新化合物,即雪胆皂苷A(2)和雪胆皂苷B(9)。     

桂火绳中化学成分的研究

从梧桐科火绳属桂火绳中提取分离到22个化合物,经结构鉴定为:羽扇豆醇(1),白桦脂酸(2),齐墩果酸(3),丁香脂素(4),(+)-异落叶松树脂醇(5),东莨菪内酯(6),对羟基肉桂酸(7),二十七碳酸单甘油酯(8),2-十八烯酸单甘油酯(9),sitoindosideⅡ(10),儿茶素(11),表儿茶素(12),表儿茶素3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖甙(13),山奈酚3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(14),5,7,4'-三羟基异黄酮(15),4'-O-methylgallocatechin(16),反式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯糖甙(17),顺式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯糖甙(18),反式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖甙(19),3,5,7,3',5'-五羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄酮(20),山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(6→1)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(21),以及槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(6→1)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(22),这些化学成分首次从该属植物中分离出来。     

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Rourea microphylla (Hook. et Arn) Planch.

Eleven compounds were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Rourea microphylla (Hook. et Arn) Planch. They were identified as quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Ⅰ), hyperin (Ⅱ), quercetin (Ⅲ), astilbin (Ⅳ), β-sitosterol (Ⅴ), β-sitosteryl-β-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅵ), physcion (Ⅶ), erythroglaucin (Ⅷ), stearic acid (Ⅸ), palmitic acid (Ⅹ) and n-nonacosanane (Ⅺ) respectively, by means of UV, IR, NMR, MS spectra analyses and through chemical methods. The compounds Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ and Ⅺ were first reportedin the Rourea genus.     

羽叶鬼灯檠中的单萜二糖苷

从羽叶鬼灯檠 (RodgersiapinnataFranch .)的根茎中分离得到 6个单萜二糖苷 ,它们的结构通过波谱方法分别鉴定为 :(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glu copyranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (1) ,(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopy ranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (2 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (3) ,gera nyl 1 O α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (4 ) ,geranyl 1 O β D xylopyranosyl (1→6 ) β D glucopyranoside (5 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (6 )。其中化合物 1为新化合物 ,单萜二糖苷类化合物系首次在该属中发现。     

A New Steroidal Glycoside from Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl.

To study the chemical constituents from traditional Chinese herb Ophiopogon japonicus(Thunb.) Ker-Gawl., a new steroidal glycoside, named ophiopojaponin C (1), together with two known ones,was isolated by column chromatography. Spectroscopic and chemical evidence revealed the structures to be ophiopogenin 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),diosgenin 3-O-[2-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl( 1 →2)] -β-D-xylopyranosyl( 1 →3)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2),and ruscogenin 1-O-[2-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside(3).     

半卧狗娃花中的黄酮类化合物

从半卧狗娃花(Heteropappus semiprost Griers)全草的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物,通过波谱分析及化学方法鉴定其结构为:3′,4′,5,7-四羟基黄酮(1),3′-甲氧基槲皮素(2),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(3),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(4),异鼠李亭-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(5),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(6),异鼠李亭-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(7),其中化合物1~5为首次从本属植物中分离得到。     

黄花远志的新齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙

从云南产远志科药用植物黄花远志(PolygalaarillataBuchHamexDDon)茎皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到4个新的齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙,命名为黄花远志皂甙(arillatanoside)A～D。同时还分离得到1个已知的三萜皂甙远志甙(polygalasaponin)XXXV。它们的结构通过波谱方法推定。     

被子植物系统发育研究的现状与展望

为植物界最大的类群—被子植物建立一个能真正反映植物的进化历史和系统发育（phylogeny）的分类系统一直是许多植物系统学家和进化学家所向往的。到目前为止,已经提出的被子植物分类系统至少有二十多个。问题在于这样的分类系统能否说已符合于系统发育的要求？要回答这个问题,首先必须弄清系统发育的真正含义是什么。     

慈溪麦冬甙A和B的结构

从浙江慈溪产中药麦冬（Ｏｐｈｉｏｐｏｇｏｎ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｍ）中分离得到２个新的Ｃ２７甾体甙－－慈溪麦冬甙Ａ（２）和Ｂ（３）以及已知甙ｏｐｈｉｏｇｅｎｉｎ３－氧－α－Ｌ－鼠李糖吡喃基（１→２）「β－Ｄ－木糖吡喃基（１→３）」－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡喃甙（２）和ｏｐｈｉｏｇｅｎｉｎ ３－氧－α－Ｌ－鼠李糖吡喃基（１→２）「β－Ｄ－木糖吡喃基（１→３）」「β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡喃基（１→４）」－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡     

亮叶杨桐(石芽茶)中黄酮类成分的研究

从广西产亮叶杨桐(Adinandra nitida Merr.ex H.L.Li)中,分得三种黄酮类成分:Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ。经IR、UV(位移诊断)、熔点、混熔点、薄层层析鉴定:Ⅰ为芹菜素(Apigenin);Ⅱ为芹菜素-5-0-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4-6~(?)-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖吡;Ⅲ为芹菜素-5-0-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。     

四种旱生藓类植物的比较结构学观察

对新疆产的4种藓类植物茎、叶的表面及内部结构进行了观察,结果表明：尖叶大帽藓(Encalypta rhabdocarpa Schwaegr.)茎的中部结构类似于种子植物(单子叶)根的内皮层,其茎表皮也有类似于种子植物表皮毛(腺毛)的腺体。在阔叶紫萼藓(Grimmia laevigata (Brid.) Brid.)茎的中轴部,厚角组织发达,数层皮部厚壁组织也很发达。小石藓(Weisia controversa Hedw.)叶中肋之中有小形厚壁细胞。弯叶墙藓(Tortula reflexa Li)的茎呈多棱形,表皮层具很厚的“树皮状”老皮,其叶表皮细胞密被马蹄形及叉状粗疣。这些特征反映了该类群植物由低等向高等演化的趋势,并可作为分类学依据之一。     

Chemical Constituents of Schisandra rubriflora Rehd.et Wils.

Schisandra rubriflora Rehd. et Wils. is a traditional Chinese medicine. To search for new and bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicines and provide scientific evidence for taxonomy, the chemical constituents ofthe plant were investigated by various column chromatography methods (silica gel,Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18). From the aerial parts ofS. rubriflora, three new megastigmane glycosides,namely (3S, 5R, 6S, 9R)-megastigmane-3, 9-diol 3-O-[α-L-arabionfuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside](1), 7-megastigmene-3-ol-9-one 3-O-[o-L-arabionfuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (2), and megastigmane-3α, 4β, 9ξ-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), along with 14 known compounds, were isolated.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods.     

毛脉酸模根中一新的色原酮苷类化合物

从毛脉酸模根(Rumex gmelini Turcz.)75%乙醇提取物中分离得到1个新色原酮苷和5个已知化合物,应用波谱学方法及文献对照分别鉴定为2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (1),nepodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2),10-hydroxyaloin A (3),10-hydroxyaloin B (4),5-methoxyl-1(3H)-benzofuranone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5),phenylethyl-O-α-L-arabinopyranosy-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). 其中化合物1为新化合物,3～6首次从酸模属中分离得到,化合物2首次从该植物中分离得到.     

The Glyxosides from Curculigo orchiodes

Seven compounds have been isolaed from the roots of Curculigo orchioides. On the basis of spectral analysis,their structures were elucidated as 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (A),orcinol glucopyranoside(B),curculigine A(C),curculigoside(D),24s,3β,11α,16,24-tetrahyaroxycycloartenol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(E),24s,3β,11a,16β,24-tetrahydroxycycloartenol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(F) and dancosterol(G). Saponin F is a new tritepenoid compound.     

齿棱茎小蒜-中国新记录种

Allium inutile Makino in Bot.Mag.Tokyo 12：104.1898．- Nothoscordum inutile(Makino)kitamura in Bot.Mag.Tokyo 59：35.1946．     

New pregnane glycosides from Brucea javanica and their antifeedant activity

Three new pregnane glycosides, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3β,20-diol (1), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3β,20-diol-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3β,20-diol-20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated along with four known compounds, 4-7, from the leaves and stems of Brucea javanica. Their structures were determined by detailed analyses of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data. All of the compounds isolated from Brucea javanica were tested for the antifeedant activities against the larva of Pieris rapae. Compounds 1, 3, and 5 showed significant antifeedant activities after 72 h incubation.     

Study on Chemical Constituents of Gentianopsis barbata var. Stennocalyx H. W. Li ex T.N. Ho

Nine compounds were isolated from Gentianopsis barbata var. stennocalyx H. W. Li ex. T.N.Ho. Their structures are identified as 1-hydroxy4, 7, 8-trimethoxyxanthone (Ⅰ), 1, 7-dihydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone (Ⅱ), 1, 7, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (Ⅲ), 1-O-(β-D- xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-3, 7, 8-trimethoxyxanthone (Ⅳ), 1-O-(β-D-xylopy- ranosyl- (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-7-hydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone (Ⅴ), 1-O-(β-D-xylo- pyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-7, 8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (Ⅵ), luteolin-7-O- β-D-glucoside (Ⅶ), oleanolic acid (Ⅷ) and ursolic acid (Ⅸ) by means of chemical methods and UV, IR and NMR determinations respectively.     

红背山麻杆化学成分的研究

采用柱色谱技术从红背山麻杆叶子的60％乙醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷和2个其他类化合物.根据理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为:芹菜素-6-C-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、芹菜素-7-O-β-(2″-O-α-鼠李糖基)葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木犀草素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸乙酯(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～4为首次从山麻杆属中分离得到的黄酮苷.     

青蕨植物化学成分的研究

从青蕨根部的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到4个化合物。通过化学及波谱分析鉴定其结构为：saucerneol D(1),dehydrogoniothalamin(2),1-acetoxyl-2-piperonyl-6-[6-methoxyl-piperonyl]3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane(3) and 5,5′-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6,8,3″,3″-tetramethylpyran-(3′,4′)flavone-7-O-[β—D—apiofuranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)。其中化合物(4)为新化合物,化合物(1)为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

广东冬青中的三萜及三萜皂甙成分

从广东冬青（Ｉｌｅｘ ｋｗａｎｇｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）的叶中分离得到四个三萜皂甙和三个三萜成分,通过光谱解析及化学方法,三个三萜成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸（１）、熊果酸（２）和常春藤皂甙元（３）;四个三萜皂甙成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→３）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（４）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→２）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（５）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－