盐酸右美托咪定对快通道麻醉患儿血清CRP、PCT、LD、NSE的影响及脑保护作用研究

目的:研究盐酸右美托咪定对快通道麻醉患儿血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT_)、血清乳酸(LD)、神经特性性元烯醇化酶(NSE)的影响及脑保护作用。方法:选择2016年4月至2017年4月在我院进行麻醉手术的61例患者,以抛硬币的方式将其均分为观察组(31例)和对照组(30例)。观察组患者给予盐酸右美托咪定(艾贝宁)行快通道麻醉,而对照组患者采用常规药物行快通道麻醉,比较两组患者治疗前后血清CRP、PCT_水平,T_0(术前1天)、T_1(术后1天)、T_2(术后2天)、T_3(术后3天)、T_4(术后4天)时点血清LD、NSE、脑动静脉血糖差(Ca-j)、乳酸差(AVDL)、脑氧摄取率(O_2Ext)、动脉颈静脉血氧浓度差(Ca-jvO_2)及动脉氧浓度(CaO_2)水平。结果:治疗后,观察组患者的血清CRP及PCT_水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。在T_1-T_4各时点,观察组患者的血清LD水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);在T_3时,观察组患者的血清NSE水平、Ca-j及AVDL水平均显著低于对照组,而O_2Ext、Ca-jvO_2及CaO_2水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:与常规药物进行快通道麻醉相比,艾贝宁快通道麻醉可显著降低患儿血清CRP、PCT_、LD及NSE水平,且能有效改善患儿的脑组织代谢。     

盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤术后患者镇痛效果及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤术后患者的镇痛效果及免疫功能的影响。方法:选择2014年6月至2016年12月我院收治并行手术治疗的肠道肿瘤患者50例,按照随机数字表法分为羟考酮组及芬太尼组,每组各25例。羟考酮组患者于手术结束前15 min给予盐酸羟考酮5 mg静脉注射;芬太尼组患者于手术结束前15 min给予芬太尼50 ug静脉注射。两组术后分别启动盐酸羟考酮与芬太尼静脉自控镇痛。观察两组术后3 h(T_0)、6 h(T_1)、12 h(T_2)、24 h(T_3)、48h(T_4)视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Ramsey镇静评分变化;检测麻醉前、T_2、T_3、T_4血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平以及CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、NK细胞水平,并对比两组术后不良反应发生情况。结果:T_1、T_2时点羟考酮组Ramsey评分显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05),T_0、T_3、T_4时点两组Ramsey评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。T_2、T_3、T_4时点两组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10较麻醉前均显著升高(P0.05),羟考酮组TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05)。T_2、T_3、T_4时点两组患者CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著降低,CD8~+显著升高(P0.05),羟考酮组CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著高于芬太尼组,CD8~+显著低于芬太尼组(P0.05),T_2、T_3时点两组患者NK细胞显著降低,羟考酮组NK细胞显著高于芬太尼组(P0.05)。两组患者术后恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制、头晕、皮肤瘙痒发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盐酸羟考酮对肠道肿瘤患者免疫功能影响较小,适合肠道肿瘤患者。     

乌司他丁联合丙氨酰谷氨酰胺对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者炎症反应及肺功能的影响

目的:探讨体外循环(CPB)瓣膜置换术应用乌司他丁(ULi)联合丙氨酰谷氨酰胺(Ala-Gln)联合干预对患者机体炎症反应及肺功能的影响。方法:选取我院2013年6月~2016年11月收治并择期行CPB瓣膜置换术的54例患者,随机分为两组。对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组采用丙氨酰谷氨酰胺(Ala-Gln)联合乌司他丁(ULi)。观察并比较两组患者围术期血清炎性因子及肺表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)水平、肺功能指标及机械通气时间。结果:与本组T_0时相比,两组在T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5血清IL-6、IL-8、T_NF-α及SP-A水平均显著升高(P0.01);与对照组同期对比,观察组在T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5的血清炎性因子及SP-A水平更低(P0.01)。与本组T_0时比较,两组在T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5的RI、A-a DO2值均显著上升(P0.01);观察组在T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5各时点的RI、A-a DO2值均显著低于对照组同期(P0.01)。与本组T_0时对比,两组在T_1时的Cst值均显著提高(P0.01)。观察组机械通气时间显著低于对照组(P0.01)。结论:CPB瓣膜置换术患者应用ULi联合Ala-Gln干预更能有效控制机体炎症反应,保护肺功能,值得临床推广应用。     

丙氨酰谷氨酰胺对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者的肺保护作用

目的:探讨丙氨酰谷氨酰胺对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者肺屏障功能的影响。方法:择期体外循环(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)下行心脏瓣膜置换术患者60例,随机分为3组,每组20例,分别为生理盐水组(C组)、复方氨基酸注射液组(A组)和Ala-GLn组(G组)。G组泵注丙氨酰谷氨酰胺0.4 g/(kg·d),A组和C组分别泵注等量的复方氨基酸注射液和生理盐水,三组均持续输注24 h。分别于:麻醉后(T_0)、开胸后CPB前(T_1)、主动脉开放30 min(T_2)、关胸(T_3)、术后5 h(T_4)、术后24 h(T_5)、术后48 h(T6),经静脉采血3 m L,检测血浆IL-6、TNF-α和SP-A的含量;采动脉血进行血气分析;观察ICU机械通气时间。结果:与T_0比较,三组患者在T_2、T_3、T_4、T_5时间点的血清TNF-α和IL-6含量均显著升高(P0.05);G组患者血清TNF-α和IL-6的浓度显著低于C组和A组(P0.05);与T_0比较,三组患者在T_2~T_5各时间点的SP-A水平显著升高(P0.05),G组患者血清SP-A含量显著低于C组和A组(P0.05);与T_0比较,三组患者在T_2~T_5时的RI值显著升高(P0.05),G组患者RI值显著低于C组和A组(P0.05);G组的机械通气时间比C组和A组显著缩短(P0.05)。结论:丙氨酰谷氨酰胺能降低体外循环瓣膜置换术患者的炎症反应,保护肺泡屏障功能,具有一定的肺保护作用。     

血清Irisin水平与心衰的相关性研究

目的:观察心衰患者血清IRISIN水平变化规律,研究Irisin对心衰诊疗的临床价值。方法:连续收集西京医院心内科住院的心衰患者132例,根据NYHA心功能分级将患者分为三组,其中心功能Ⅱ级48例,Ⅲ级44例,Ⅳ级40例,同时选取心功能正常(左室射血分数LVEF50%)的30例健康体检者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测患者血清中Irisin水平,根据Irisin水平分为低Irisin组和高Irisin组,比较两组间心衰的发生率,分析Irisin水平与心衰的关系。结果:①心衰组Irisin水平显著低于心功能正常组(6790±3628 ng/mL vs 12691±2272 ng/mL,P0.01),且从Ⅱ级到Ⅳ级,逐渐降低;②心衰组LVEF值显著低于心功能正常组(45.7±8 vs 59.7±4.3,P0.01),且从Ⅱ级到Ⅳ级,逐渐降低;③心衰组N末端B型利钠肽原(ProBNP)水平显著高于心功能正常组(2938±2795 pg/mL vs 184±151 pg/mL,P0.01),且从Ⅱ级到Ⅳ级,逐渐升高;④低Irisin组心衰发生率明显高于高Irisin组(92.6%vs47.5%,P0.01);⑤单因素相关分析显示:血清Irisin水平与左室射血分数呈正相关(r=0.694,P0.05),与proBNP呈负相关(r=-0.45,P0.05);结论:心衰患者血清Irisin水平降低,而且随着心功能的恶化显著降低,心衰患者血清Irisin水平与心衰程度有一定的相关性。     

白介素-32在HBV感染者的变化及其临床意义

目的:探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者血清中白介素-32(IL-32)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法:对100例HBV感染者和30例健康者检测外周血清白细胞介素-32(IL-32)的含量,比较IL-32水平变化的规律,并分析其与临床疾病谱和HBV复制水平的关系。结果:(1)急性乙型肝炎、中度慢性乙型肝炎、重度慢性乙型肝炎患者血清IL-32水平与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.001);轻度慢性乙型肝炎患者血清IL-32水平高于健康对照组,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性乙型肝炎、中、重度慢性乙型肝炎患者血清IL-32水平均显著高于轻度慢性乙型肝炎组,且有统计学意义(P<0.001);急性乙型肝炎、重度慢性乙型肝炎患者血清IL-32水平均高于中度慢性乙型肝炎组,有统计学意义(P<0.001);急性乙型肝炎、重度慢性乙型肝炎组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)HBV感染者HBV-DNA阳性组IL-32水平较阴性组为高,但无差异;高、中、低病毒载量组之间血清IL-32水平也无差异(P>0.05)。(3)慢性乙型肝炎患者不同ALT水平组血清IL-32水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);且低、中、高ALT水平组之间与I...     

不同浓度的右美托咪定对脊柱手术老年患者免疫功能和术后认知功能的影响

探讨不同浓度的右美托咪定在老年脊柱手术患者中应用对免疫功能和认知功能水平的影响。2015 年1 月至 2017 年 1 月,选取我院手术治疗的 90 例拟实施脊柱手术治疗的老年患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组、实验组 A (麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 1.0 μg/kg)、实验组 B (麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 2.0 μg/kg)各 30 例;对比两组患者的免疫功能、认知功能指标。结果显示,T_0时刻,3 组患者的血清补体 C3、补体 C4、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+比较,差异均不具有统计学意义(p0.05);在 T_1、T_2时刻,实验组 A、实验组 B 的补体 C3、补体 C4 水平均显著低于空白组(p0.05);在 T_1、T_2时刻,实验组 A、实验组 B的 CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均显著高于空白组(p0.05);术前 1 d,三组患者的 MMSE 评分、血清 S100β蛋白水平比较,差异均不具有统计学意义(p0.05);术后第 1 天,空白组和实验组 A 的 MMSE 评分显著低于实验组 B (p0.05);在术后第 1 天、第 4 天、第 7 天,空白组和实验组 A 的血清 S100β蛋白水平显著低于实验组 B(p0.05)。实施脊柱手术治疗的老年患者麻醉诱导期及维持期给予右美托咪定 1.0 μg/kg,有利于减轻患者的免疫功能损害,同时不会影响患者的认知功能水平。     

血清RBP4、NGAL、Klotho蛋白在慢性肾脏病病情监测及预后评估中的价值

目的:探讨血清视黄醇结合蛋白4(retinol binding protein 4,RBP4)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)、Klotho蛋白在慢性肾脏病病情监测及预后评估中的价值。方法:收集我院2017年5月～2019年2月收治的297例慢性肾脏病患者为研究对象,依据肾小球滤过率(GFR)分为1期24例、2期46例、3期128例、4期66例、5期33例,并依据临床转归情况分为肾功能稳定组104例和肾功能恶化组193例;同期选择门诊健康体检者251例作为对照组。比较各组血清RBP4、NGAL、Klotho蛋白表达情况,并分析慢性肾脏病患者血清RBP4、NGAL、Klotho蛋白和GFR的相关性。结果:慢性肾脏病组血清RBP4、NGAL水平高于对照组,Klotho蛋白低于慢性肾脏病组(P0.05)。慢性肾脏病5期者血清RBP4、NGAL水平高于4期、3期、2期及1期者,Klotho蛋白低于4期、3期、2期及1期者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。慢性肾脏病患者血清RBP4、NGAL和GFR呈负相关,Klotho蛋白和GFR呈正相关(P0.05)。肾功能恶化组血清RBP4、NGAL水平高于肾功能稳定组,Klotho蛋白低于肾功能稳定组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:血清RBP4、NGAL及Klotho蛋白表达水平的变化对了解慢性肾脏病患者病情程度及预后评估中有重要的参考价值,建议临床予以重视。     

不同病因的慢性肾病患者血清氨基酸谱存在显著差异

慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)患者血清氨基酸谱发生了显著性变化,但目前并无不同病因的CKD患者血清氨基酸谱的比较研究。本研究主要探究不同病因CKD患者血清氨基酸谱的差异,以及差异氨基酸与肾疾病发生发展的相互关系。选取79例确诊慢性肾病的成年患者,根据其病因,分糖尿病肾病组、高血压肾病组及慢性肾小球肾炎组。另选取25例性别年龄匹配的健康成年人为正常对照组。收集及处理清晨空腹血清标本,采用反相高效液相色谱法（reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, RP-HPLC）测定血清中22种游离氨基酸的水平。结果显示,与正常对照组相比,3组CKD患者血清赖氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、伽马氨基丁酸(GABA)、色氨酸、亮氨酸以及酪氨酸水平均显著下降（P<0.05）,而血氨水平显著升高（P<0.05）。糖尿病肾病组患者血清苏氨酸水平明显高于其余3组（P<0.05）,而血清天冬氨酸水平显著低于其余3组（P<0.05）。慢性肾小球肾炎患者血清异亮氨酸水平显著低于糖尿病肾病及高血压肾病患者（P<0.05）。上述结果证实,慢性肾病患者血清氨基酸谱较正常对照发生显著变化,且不同病因CKD患者部分血清氨基酸水平存在显著差异。其中,色氨酸水平的差异可能是不同病因CKD患者肾功能恶化速度不一致的原因之一。     

Th 细胞因子IL-17、IFN-γ、IL-4 在狼疮性肾炎中的表达及意义

目的:探讨T辅助细胞(Th)相关细胞因子在狼疮性肾炎发病中的免疫机制作用。方法:64例系统性红斑狼疮患者和28例健康体检者作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA法)检测所有受试者血清IL-17、IFN-γ、IL-4水平,并对其与SLEDAI、SDI、24小时尿蛋白量相关性进行研究。结果:狼疮性肾炎组血清IL-17水平显著高于狼疮无肾炎组和健康对照组(P<0.001),狼疮性肾炎组血清IFN-γ水平显著高于狼疮无肾炎组(P<0.05)和健康对照组(P<0.01),血清IL-4水平在狼疮性肾炎组、狼疮无肾炎组均显著高于健康对照组(P<0.01)。狼疮性肾炎组IFN-γ/IL-4比值显著高于狼疮无肾炎组(P<0.01)和健康对照组(P<0.05);狼疮无肾炎组IFN-γ/IL-4比值显著低于健康对照组(P<0.01)。SLE患者血清IFN-γ表达水平与SLEDAI积分呈正相关(r=0.402,P<0.05),血清IL-17、IL-4表达水平与SLEDAI、SDI、抗ds-DNA抗体、C3、24小时尿蛋白量均无相关性。结论:狼疮性肾炎患者外周血中IL-17、IFN-γ、IL-4等促炎细胞因子均有不同程度升高促起炎症发生及组织损伤,参与了狼疮性肾炎的免疫发病过程。     

慢性呼吸衰竭病人红细胞膜蛋白和红细胞变形能力的研究

目的：探讨红细胞膜蛋白在红细胞变形性改变中的作用。方法：参照Ｌｅａｍｍｌｉ和Ｐｅａｃｏｃｋ方法,测定了肺心病Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭（Ⅰ组）１８例、Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭（Ⅱ组）１８例和健康对照（ＣＧ）２０例的红细胞膜带３蛋白、膜收缩蛋白二聚体（ＳｐＤ）和四聚体（ＳｐＴ）的相对含量与红细胞变形能力。结果：Ⅰ、Ⅱ组带３蛋白、ＳｐＤ、ＳｐＴ相对含量和红细胞变形指数（ＤＩ）与对照组均有显著差异,且肺心病病人的ＤＩ与带３蛋白相对含量呈显著正相关,与ＳｐＤ／ＳｐＴ比值呈显著负相关。结论：带３蛋白和膜收缩蛋白的异常,可能是导致肺心病人红细胞变形能力降低的重要因素之一。     

超声心动图检查对慢性肺源性心脏病患者右心功能的诊断价值

目的:探讨超声心动图检查对慢性肺源性心脏病患者右心功能的诊断价值。方法:选取2016年8月至2017年12月间本院收治的35例慢性肺源性心脏病患者作为实验组,并选择同期健康体检者35例作为对照组,全部受试者均给予超声心动图检查。分别比较两组右房横径(RA)、右室前后径(RV)、肺动脉平均压(MPAP)、射血分数(EF)、舒张晚期A波峰值流速与舒张早期E波峰值流速的比值(A/E)和右心室Tei指数。同时比较实验组采用常规12导联心电图检查及超声心动图检查的诊断阳性率、右心扩大阳性率和右心扩大伴心衰阳性率。结果:与对照组相比,实验组RA、RV以及MPAP均升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组EF明显降低,而A/E值、Tei指数明显升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组超声心动图检查的诊断阳性率、右心扩大阳性率和右心扩大伴心衰阳性率均高于常规12导联心电图检查(P0.05)。结论:应用超声心动图检查能够有效诊断慢性肺源性心脏病患者的右心功能,而且操作简单方便,诊断阳性率较高。     

Extremely severe respiratory failure complicated by lactic acidosis

A case of a 48-year male patient with chronic cor pulmonale is presented. Exacerbation of the chronic respiratory failure was caused by pneumonia. The patient was treated with artificial ventilation for 22 days and stimulating aggressive antibacterial therapy. An improvement was achieved. Indications to the use of respirator in the exacerbated chronic respiratory failure have been discussed together with problem of the potential reversibility of the cause, gas and lactic acidosis and an important clinical problem of the respiratory muscles exhaustion.     

Higher Plasma Myostatin Levels in Cor Pulmonale Secondary to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objective

To analyze plasma myostatin levels and investigate their relationship with right ventricular (RV) function in patients with cor pulmonale secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

The study recruited 81 patients with advanced COPD and 40 age-matched controls. The patients were divided into two groups: those with cor pulmonale and those without. Echocardiography was used to evaluate RV function and morphology, and the value of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) less than 16 mm was considered RV dysfunction. Plasma myostatin levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were analyzed as a comparison of myostatin.

Results

The data detected cor pulmonale in 39/81 patients, with the mean value of TAPSE of 14.3 mm. Plasma myostatin levels (ng/mL) were significantly higher in patients with cor pulmonale (16.68 ± 2.95) than in those without (13.56 ± 3.09), and much higher than in controls (8.79±2.79), with each p<0.01. Significant differences were also found in plasma BNP levels among the three groups (p<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis suggested that myostatin levels were significantly correlated with the values of TAPSE and RV myocardium performance index among the COPD patients, and that BNP levels were significantly correlated only with systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, with each p<0.05.

Conclusions

Plasma myostatin levels are increased in COPD patients who have cor pulmonale. Stronger correlations of plasma myostatin levels with echocardiographic indexes of the right heart suggest that myostatin might be superior to BNP in the early diagnosis of cor pulmonale in COPD.     

降纤酶佐治肺心病的疗效观察

目的　观察降纤酶佐治慢性肺源性心脏病 (肺心病 )的临床疗效。　方法　 84例肺心病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各 4 2例。对照组给予常规治疗 ,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用降纤酶 ,第 1天 1 0 u,以后每天 5 u,加在生理盐水 1 0 0 ml中静脉滴注 ,连用 1 0天。治疗前后对两组患者进行血气分析以及血常规、肝和肾功能、血液流变学检测 ,并记录临床症状体征。　结果　治疗组显效率 66.7%、总有效率97.6% ,对照组显效率 3 5 .7%、总有效率 85 .7% ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组治疗后血气分析、血液流变学、血红蛋白 (Hb)等指标较治疗前明显改善 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;对照组治疗后除血气分析有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )外 ,其余指标较治疗前无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组治疗后上述指标较对照组更为显著改善 (P <0 .0 1 )。　结论　降纤酶佐治肺心病能迅速控制病情 ,疗效显著 ,值得临床推广应用     

Physiotherapy and intermittent positive-pressure ventilation of chronic bronchitis.

Patients aged over 45 admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis alone or in association with cor pulmonale, pneumonia, or respiratory failure were placed in one of three groups (men with hypoxia, men without hypoxia, and women). Patients within these groups were then randomly allocated to receive either standard drug treatment alone or standard drug treatment plus intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV). No significant differences occurred between the controls and patients receiving physiotherapy and IPPV in any group. We conclude that when a patient with chronic bronchitis and respiratory failure is deteriorating emphasis should be on correct diagnosis, fluid electrolyte balance, and nutrition together with oxygen treatment when necessary, rather than on additional physiotherapy.     

Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in COPD: relationship with emphysema and chronic cor pulmonale: a case-control study

Background

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand signal transduction receptor that can initiate and perpetuate inflammation. Its soluble isoform (sRAGE) acts as a decoy receptor for RAGE ligands, and is thought to afford protection against inflammation. With the present study, we aimed at determining whether circulating sRAGE is correlated with emphysema and chronic cor pulmonale in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

In 200 COPD patients and 201 age- and sex-matched controls, we measured lung function by spirometry, and sRAGE by ELISA method. We also measured the plasma levels of two RAGE ligands, N-epsilon-carboxymethyl lysine and S100A12, by ELISA method. In the COPD patients, we assessed the prevalence and severity of emphysema by computed tomography (CT), and the prevalence of chronic cor pulmonale by echocardiography. Multiple quantile regression was used to assess the effects of emphysema, chronic cor pulmonale, smoking history, and comorbid conditions on the three quartiles of sRAGE.

Results

sRAGE was significantly lower (p = 0.007) in COPD patients (median 652 pg/mL, interquartile range 484 to 1076 pg/mL) than in controls (median 869 pg/mL, interquartile range 601 to 1240 pg/mL), and was correlated with the severity of emphysema (p < 0.001), the lower the level of sRAGE the greater the degree of emphysema on CT. The relationship remained statistically significant after adjusting for smoking history and comorbid conditions. In addition, sRAGE was significantly lower in COPD patients with chronic cor pulmonale than in those without (p = 0.002). Such difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for smoking history, comorbidities, and emphysema severity. There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of the two RAGE ligands between cases and controls.

Conclusions

sRAGE is significantly lower in patients with COPD than in age- and sex-matched individuals without airflow obstruction. Emphysema and chronic cor pulmonale are independent predictors of reduced sRAGE in COPD.     

Rheological and clotting changes in chronic cor pulmonale

53 patients with chronic or pulmonale and hospitalized for the occurrence of acute dyspnea were studied. The mean age was 67. The increase in blood and plasma viscosities is higher than the rise in hematocrit, total plasma proteins and fibrinogen. The levels of plasminogen and antithrombin III are significantly lower and the plasma euglobulin lysis time is shortened. On the contrary, fibrinogen levels are normal or near normal. This seems to confirm the frequent presence of clotting changes in chronic cor pulmonale facilitated by an altered pulmonary rheology.     

Compensatory and adaptive changes in the heart after pulmonary resection (morphometric analysis)

The experiment has been performed in 124 non-inbred dogs by means of a complex of morphometrical methods in order to study compensatory-adaptive processes in the heart after pulmonary resection various in its volume. After 58% resection, and especially after 67-75% resection of the lung mass, a stable pulmonary arterial hypertension appears; it results in development of a chronic cor pulmonale and terminates in its decompensation. Application of extrapulmonary arterio-venous anastomosis, before 67-75% of the pulmonary parenchyma is resected, decreases hypertension in the pulmonary circulation, improves adaptive changes of the heart in the newly formed conditions of hemodynamics, preventing development of its failure.     

Spontaneous cor pulmonale in laboratory beagles

Right heart failure associated with postmortem evidence of pulmonary hypertension (cor pulmonale) was observed in nearly 1% of the young beagles of a large research colony. During the past 18 years, 176 dogs with cor pulmonale were observed. Most cases occurred between September and April of each year. Nearly equal numbers of males and females were involved, and some siblings were affected. Ninety-six percent of known affected dogs died, and 85% of the deaths occurred by 5 weeks of age. Clinically, most dogs were stunted and exhibited ascites, subcutaneous edema, hypothermia, dyspnea, cyanosis, and systolic murmur. Radiography revealed cardiomegaly, and electrocardiography revealed right axis deviation and an enlarged right atrium. Postmortem evidence of cor pulmonale included subcutaneous edema, ascites, hydrothorax, mediastinal and mesenteric edema, splenomegaly, centrolobular hepatic congestion and necrosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, interstitial pneumonia, and medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries and arterioles. The specific cause of the disease was not determined.