石山巴豆枝叶的化学成分研究

石山巴豆( Croton euryphyllus)为大戟科( Euphorbiaceae)巴豆属( Croton)植物,主要分布于西南各省的岩溶石山地区,民间用于杀虫和治疗跌打损伤。为了阐明其化学物质基础,该研究采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、HPLC等方法对石山巴豆枝叶醇提物进行分离纯化。结果表明：共分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为异毛叶巴豆萜(1), jatrophoidin (2),山藿香定(3),异山藿香素(4),山藿香素(5),赖百当-13-烯-8,15-二醇(6),7-酮基-β-谷甾醇(7),(22E)-5α,8β-表二氧麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(8),豆甾烷-4-烯-6β-醇-3-酮(9),齐墩果烷-12-烯-2α,3β-二醇(10),东莨菪内酯(11),催吐萝芙木醇(12), lyratol F (13),罗布麻酚A (14),芹菜素(15),金色酰胺醇酯(16)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物8－16为首次从巴豆属中发现。     

用酸性乙醇从催吐萝芙木中浸提利血平

本文用酸性乙醇从催吐萝芙木中浸提利血平,采用单因素试验法,以HPLC测定利血平含量,分别考察可能影响利血平浸提效果的各种因素,确定了适宜的提取条件:以含50%工业乙醇的0.025 mol/L H2SO4溶液,用量为催吐萝芙木的10倍(V/W),在常温避光条件下连续搅拌,提取3次,每次1 h,利血平提取率可达0.72‰。酸性乙醇提取方法使用有机溶剂少,对环境污染小,收率高,有较好的应用前景。     

黄海棠化学成分的研究

从黄海棠植物中共分离得到15个化合物,并运用质谱、1H NMR和13C NMR等波谱方法将他们的结构鉴定为9,9'-O-di-(E)-feruloyl-(-)-secoisolariciresinol(1),山奈酚(2),槲皮素(3),金丝桃苷(4),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(6),山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),原儿茶酸(8),1,7-二羟基-9-氧杂蒽酮(9),对香豆酸(10),对羟基苯甲酸(11),山奈素-3-O-(6"-O-巴豆酰)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12),1,3,6,7-四羟基-9-氧杂蒽酮(13),没食子酸(14)和β-谷甾醇(15)。其中化合物1、4和6~14为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

丽江乌头中的一个新二萜生物碱

从丽江乌头根中分离、鉴定了三个二萜生物碱成分,其中碱Ⅰ、碱Ⅱ分别为已知成分阿克诺辛(aconosine)和嘟拉碱(dolaconine);碱Ⅲ为一新的C_(18)-型二萜生物碱,从MS、IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR等光谱数据推定了其结构,并命名为丽日碱甲(liconosine A)。     

黄桐枝叶的化学成分研究

为研究黄桐(Endospermum chinense Benth.)的化学成分,运用柱层析等分离纯化方法从黄桐枝叶中分离得到13个化合物:pubinernoid A(1)、(E)-linalool-1-oic acid(2)、(+)-去氢催吐萝芙木醇(3)、3α-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、3-羰基齐墩果酸(6)、3-oleana-9(11),12-dien-28-oic acid(7)、甘五酸(8)、altissimanin C(9)、7-羟基-β-谷甾醇(10)、丁香脂素(11)、ficusesquilignan A(12)、ficusesquilignan B(13)。其中化合物7为新天然产物,化合物1~4、8~13为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

藏药红花绿绒蒿的化学成分

从红花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis punicea)植物地上部分中分离得到17个化合物,通过MS和NMR等方法将它们的结构分别鉴定为karachine(1)、valachine(2)、二氢血根碱(dihydrosanguinarine,3)、威尔士绿绒蒿定碱((?)-mecambridine,4)、原鸦片碱(protopine,5)、马齿苋酰胺E(oleracein E,6)、anhydroberberillic acid(7)、小糪碱(berberine,8)、阿苞碱(alborine,9)、木犀草素(luteolin,10)、小麦黄素(tricin,11)、二氢槲皮素(dihydroquerce-tin,12)、洋芹素(apigenin,13)、大风子素(hydnocarpin,14)、小麦黄素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(tricin 7-O-β-D-glucopyr-anoside,15)、对羟基桂皮酸(p-coumaric acid,16)和尿嘧啶(uracil,17)。其中,化合物1~3、7、15和17为首次从该属植物中分离得到;6、8、11和14为首次从该种植物中分离得到,采用二维NMR技术首次归属了化合物1和2的1H和13C NMR信号。     

房山紫堇地上部分化学成分及其抗乳腺癌细胞增殖作用研究

对房山紫堇Corydalis fangshanensis地上部分化学成分及其体外抗乳腺肿瘤细胞活性进行研究。采用各种色谱分离技术对乙酸乙酯和正丁醇两个萃取部位进行系统分离纯化,通过多种波谱数据(1D、2D NMR、MS、IR、UV)鉴定化合物结构,从房山紫堇乙酸乙酯和正丁醇两个部位中鉴定了17个化合物,分别为7-acetyl thalifoline(1)、pycnarrhine(2)、corynoxidine(3)、trans-isocorypalmine N-oxide(4)、四氢巴马汀(5)、四氢药根碱(6)、liriotulipiferine(7)、异波尔定碱(8)、乌药碱(9)、脱氢甲卡维丁(10)、feruloylputrescine(11)、木黄酮(12)、二甲基咖啡酸(13)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基桂皮酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)、水仙苷(15)、丁香脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(16)、异落叶松脂醇9-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(17)。其中化合物1作为天然产物首次报道,2～17是首次从房山紫堇中分离得到。结合体外MTT法评价单体化合物对人乳腺癌肿瘤细胞(MDA-MB-23...     

田基黄(口山)酮成分的研究

采用萃取,硅胶及凝胶柱色谱等方法从田基黄全草中分离得到了7个San酮类化合物,利用UV、IR、^1H NMR、^13C NMR、MS等波谱技术将他们的结构分别鉴定为6-脱氧异巴西红厚壳素(1)、异巴西红厚壳素(2)、1,3,5,6-四羟基San酮(3)、1,3,6,7-四羟基San酮(4),1,3,5,6-四羟基-4-异戊烯San酮(5)、1,3,5-三羟基San酮(6)和bijaponicaxanthone(7),其中化合物3、4和6为首次从该植物中分得的San酮类化合物。     

云南萝芙木生物硷

云南萝芙木(Rauwolfia yunnanensis Tsiang)为国产成药“降压灵” 的原料,魏均娴曾对其化学成份进行过研究,用氧化铝层析法分离得利血平和Ajmalicine,此后未见其他报道。我们在研究利血平的植物资源和利血平的生产工艺时曾从云南萝芙木分离出四种生物硷,一为微黄色针晶,熔点264—5°[α]_D-119°(CHCI_3),Frohde反应:(黄)→绿→兰,香草醛反应:玫瑰红色;对二甲氨基苯甲醛反应:兰绿色,加冰醋酸后转为血红色;K—K反应:界面呈兰色;浓硝酸反应:(兰绿)→红棕。其     

延胡索的化学成分研究(英文)

采用现代分离技术和方法,从延胡索根茎中分离得到17个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。包括11个生物碱类化合物,二氢白屈菜红碱(1)、去氢紫堇碱(2)、四氢非洲防己胺(3)、异紫堇球碱(4)、紫堇碱(5)、四氢黄连碱(6)、药根碱(7)、黄连碱(8)、小檗碱(12)、巴马汀(13)和延胡索乙素(14);2个蒽醌类化合物,大黄素(9)和大黄素甲醚(10);1个三萜类化合物,即3β-羟基-齐墩果烷-111,3(18)-二烯-28-酸(11)和3个甾醇类化合物,豆甾醇(15)、β-谷甾醇(16)和胡萝卜苷(17)。其中,化合物9～11首次从该属植物中分离得到,1首次从该种中分离得到。     

Diterpenoids from the pericarp of Platycladus orientalis

Eight labdane-type diterpenes, 7beta,13S-dihydroxylabda-8(17),14-dien-19-oic acid (1), 12R,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),13E-dien-19-oic acid (3c), 12R,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),13Z-dien-19-oic acid (3d), 12R,13R,14S-trihydroxylabda-12,15-epoxy-8(17)-en-19-oic acid (4a), 12S,13S,14R-trihydroxylabda-12,15-epoxy-8(17)-en-19-oic acid (4b), 15-hydroxy-12-oxolabda-8(17),13E-dien-19-oic acid (5), 14R,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),12Z-dien-19-oic acid (7a) and 14S,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),12Z-dien-19-oic acid (7b), along with 20 known diterpenoids, were isolated from the pericarp of Platycladus orientalis. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by NMR spectroscopic and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, as well as via chemical correlation conversion. NMR spectroscopic data of known isomers 8c and 8d were reported as a supplement to existing data.     

Two cleistanthane type diterpenes from Croton sonderianus

Sonderianol (12-hydroxy-3-oxo-cleistanth-8, 11, 13, 15-tetraene) and 3, 4-seco-sonderianol (methyl 12-hydroxy-3, 4-seco-cleistanth-8, 11, 13, 15, 18(4)-penten-3-oate), two new diterpenes with cleistanthane skeletons, were isolated from heartwood of Croton sonderianus.     

Eudesmane and megastigmane glucosides from Laggera alata

Four eudesmane glucosides, alatosides A-D (1-4), and one megastigmane glucoside, alatoside E (5), were isolated from the BuOH fraction of Laggera alata along with six known compounds. Structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. Alatosides A-E were characterized as: 1alpha-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-7-epi-eudesma-11-en-2beta,4alpha-diol (1), 2beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-4alpha-hydroxyl-11(13)-en-12-oic-acid (2), 5beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-12-oic-acid (3), 5alpha-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-3,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid (4) and 3beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-megastigma-9-one (5), respectively. Based on the chemical characteristics of eudesmane derivatives isolated from the Laggera genus, it was suggested that there are probably two different biogenetic pathways for these secondary metabolites in this genus.     

ent-Labdane diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton pectinatus

Four new ent-labdane diterpenes were isolated from the freshwater aquatic plant Potamogeton pectinatus, together with two known furano-ent-labdanes. The new compounds were assigned the structures methyl-15,16-epoxy-12(R)-acetoxy- 8(17), 13(16),14-ent-labdatrien-19-oate,15,16-epoxy-12(R)-acetoxy-8(17), 13(16),14-ent-labdatrien-19-oic acid, 8(17),13-ent-labdadien-15 --> 16-lactone-19-oic acid and 16-hydroxy-8(17),13-ent-labdadien-15,16-olid-19-oic acid by spectroscopic means. Some of these labdanes showed a strong algicidal activity against Raphidocelis subcapitata.     

ent-Clerodane diterpenes and other constituents from the liverwort Adelanthus lindenbergianus (Lehm.) Mitt

Eleven ent-clerodanes, 13-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-3,14-diene, 15-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-3,13(E)-diene, 1beta,12:15,16-diepoxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13(16),14-dien-18alpha,6alpha-olide, 8beta,12:15, 16-diepoxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13(16),14-dien-18alpha,6alpha-olide, 1beta,16:15,16-diepoxy-cis-ent-cleroda-12,14-dien-18alpha,6alpha-olide, 7beta,12:8beta,12-diepoxy-15-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13-en-16,15:18alpha,6alpha-diolide, 7beta,12:8beta,12-diepoxy-16-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13-en-15,16:18alpha,6alpha-diolide, 1alpha-acetoxy-8beta,12-epoxy-15-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13-en-16,15:18alpha,6alpha-diolide, 1beta,12-epoxy-16-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-13-en-15,16:18alpha,6alpha-diolide, 8beta,12-epoxy-15-hydroxy-trans-cleroda-13-en-16,15:18alpha,6alpha-diolide, 8beta,12-epoxy-16-hydroxy-trans-cleroda-13-en-15,16:18alpha,6alpha-diolide along with the known clerodane diterpenes anastreptin and orcadensin have been isolated from the liverwort Adelanthus lindenbergianus (Lehm.) Mitt. Furthermore, three eudesmane sesquiterpenes together with the known (-)-1beta,10-epoxyaristolan, 3,4-seco-4(23),20(29)-lupadien-3,28-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester and two acetophenone derivatives were identified by spectroscopic methods, essentially MS and NMR experiments.     

Reaction of astaxanthin with peroxynitrite

The in vitro reactivities of astaxanthin toward peroxynitrite were investigated and the reaction products after scavenging with peroxynitrite were analyzed in order to determine the complete mechanism of this reaction. A series of carotenoids, 13-apo-astaxanthinone (1), 12'-apo-15'-nitroastaxanthinal (2), 12'-apo-astaxanthinal (3), 10'-apo-astaxanthinal (4), 9-cis-14'-s-cis-15'-nitroastaxanthin (5), 14'-s-cis-15'-nitroastaxanthin (6), 13-cis-14'-s-cis-15'-nitroastaxanthin (7), 10'-s-cis-11'-cis-11'-nitroastaxanthin (8), 13,15,13'-tri-cis-15'-nitroastaxanthin (9), 9-cis-astaxanthin (10), and 13-cis-astaxanthin (11), were isolated from the reaction products of carotenoids with peroxynitrite. Our previous studies achieved for the first time the isolation of nitro derivatives from the reaction of astaxanthin with peroxynitrite. Here we identify the major remaining reaction products of this reaction and investigate the stabilities of the nitro astaxanthins.     

西南獐牙菜化学成分的研究

对龙胆科(Gentianaceae)獐牙菜属植物西南獐牙菜(Swertia cincta)进行化学成分研究,从中分离鉴定了15个化合物,包括5个裂环烯醚萜(苷),2个三萜,1个口山酮,4个芳香酸(醇),以及3个其它类成分.以上化合物分别为:獐牙菜苦苷(swertiamarin,1),龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside,2),红白金花内酯(erythrocentaurin,3),(-)龙胆内酯((-)-gentiolactone,4),angelone(5),齐墩果酸(olcanolic acid,6),3-表-蒲公英赛醇(3-epi-tarax-erol,7),当药醇苷(swertianolin,8),间羟基苯甲醇(m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,9),邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(dimethyl phthalate,10),邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(diisobutyl phthalate,11),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(12)和正三十一烷醇( n-hentria-contanol,13),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,14)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,15).其中化合物4-5,7,9～13和15为首次从西南獐牙菜中分离得到.     

Studies on Chemical Compositions of Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don

Eleven compositions isolated from Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don were identified as n-C34H69OH (1), β-sitosteryl stearate (2), β-sitosterol (3), sciadopitysin (8), podocarpusflavone B (12), robustaflavone-7"-methyl ether (13), podocarpusflavone A(14), robustaflavone (15), p-hydroxyl benzoic acid (16), 2"-O-rhamnosylscopariu (23), 2"-O-rhamnosyl vitexin (24) on the basis of physical constants and spectral data. Among them, compound 8, 13 and 15 were found from the species for the first time. Compound 113 and 24 were reported from Podocarpaceae for the first time. The ethanol extract of P.neriitolius showed obvious cytotoxicity against A-549 and HT-29.     

霸王鞭乙酸乙酯部分化学成分研究

为了研究霸王鞭(Euphorbia royleana Boiss.)的化学成分及其卤虫致死活性,采用正相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱及半制备型高效液相色谱等方法从霸王鞭甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位中分离得到15个化合物。通过现代波谱学技术鉴定它们的结构分别为5(6)-guten-3α-ol(1)、蒲公英赛醇(2)、异蒲公英赛醇(3)、熊果酸(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基黄酮(6)、甲基獐牙菜素(7)、槲皮素(8)、胡萝卜苷(9)、β-谷甾醇(10)、豆甾醇(11)、香草醛(12)、十二烷醇(13)、植物醇(14)、1-[(12 E,16 E)-12,16-二十碳二烯酰基]-2-[(E,E)-7,11-十八碳二烯酰基]-3-硬脂酰基甘油(15)。化合物1、3、4、5、6、7、12、13、14和15均首次从该植物中分离得到。对所得到的化合物进行了卤虫致死活性研究,发现化合物4表现出较强卤虫致死活性,其LD₅₀为7.687μM。