水东湾红树林不同生长位置生长差异性研究

通过对茂名水东湾近岸岛屿试验区现有红树林资源的调查, 对比研究红树林在不同的滩面高程、林中位置和波能区的生长差异性, 研究结果表明: (1)红树植物在不同滩面高程中的生长表现具有显著差异性, 不同的红树植物所适合生长的滩面高程也不尽相同, 最适合生长的滩面高程范围拉关木为平均海平面以上(下同)0-10 cm, 白骨壤为15-25 cm, 红海榄为0-20 cm; (2)红树植物在林中不同位置的生长表现具有显著的差异性, 位于林分边缘的无瓣海桑和拉关木明显优于林分内部; (3)红树植物在不同的波能区生长具有一定的差异性, 背风的低能区更加适合红海榄和拉关木的生长。研究结果对认识红树林生长发育规律和指导红树林人工种植具有一定参考意义。     

芦芽山阳坡不同海拔华北落叶松径向生长对气候变化的响应

为研究树木生长对气候变化的响应状况,选取芦芽山阳坡的3个海拔高度建立了华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)的树轮宽度年表。年表的统计参数表明,3条年表均为研究气候信息的可靠资料。结果表明,芦芽山阳坡华北落叶松的径向生长和生长与气候的关系均具有海拔差异,中海拔(2440 m)和高海拔(2540 m)的华北落叶松具有相似年际生长变化,而二者均与低海拔(2330 m)华北落叶松的年际生长不同。低海拔华北落叶松的生长与4月平均气温和上一年11月降水量显著负相关,而中海拔和高海拔的生长均与上一年10月平均气温和6月降水量显著负相关。通过年表与气候因子之间的滑动相关分析发现,3个海拔高度华北落叶松生长与气候因子的关系均不稳定,生长与气温条件之间的显著相关关系是随着气温升高而出现的。气温的升高引起了华北落叶松生长与气温因子关系的海拔差异,以及径向生长的海拔差异。这一结果对于气候变化对植被垂直梯度影响的研究具有一定参考价值。     

外源钙调素和钙调素拮抗剂对烟草离体花粉管生长和生殖核分裂的调节

外源花椰菜钙调素（CaM）、牛脑CaMagarose以及CaM拮抗剂TFP对花粉管生长与生殖核分裂的作用均具有浓度和时间效应,CaM在花粉管生长早期,较低浓度能促进花粉管生长和生殖核分裂;但后期,较高浓度则有抑制作用。ITP在花粉管生长早0000000000000期,较高浓度抑制花粉管生长和生殖核分裂。     

鱼类生长的神经内分泌调控

个体生长是由调控体内包括能量代谢和肌肉生长等多种生理信号通路共同影响的多基因调控性状.在参与脊椎动物生长过程的主要调控信号通路中,生长的内分泌调控轴及其组成信号起主要的作用.鱼类生长的内分泌调控轴和其生长调控的研究深受重视,包括生长激素、上游下丘脑激素、胰岛素样生长因子和下游分子等.许多的信号分子在体内不仅具有促进组织生长的作用,还具有对许多营养物质的代谢调控作用.体内其他内分泌调控轴也会对生长调控轴产生不可忽视的影响.本文主要归纳了近期硬骨鱼类生长内分泌调控轴的最新研究进展,包括最近利用遗传操作技术获得的相关体内模式的研究结果,并通过对这些最新研究的归纳,展示当前鱼类生长内分泌调控轴研究领域的新认识和新挑战.     

稀土元素——硝酸铈对非洲紫罗兰和似马蹄莲组培苗生长的效应(简报)

在植物组织培养中,一定浓度的硝酸铈具有增加奶数,促进根生长,刺激芽萌发和芽生长的作用。     

用分子标记研究禾本科赖草属植物可溶性碳水化合物、色素积累和生长特性之间的遗传相关性

在低温条件下 ,冷季草的可溶性碳水化合物通常与紫色素的积累、生长的缓慢性及对寒冷的适应性具有相关性。Vrn_1基因对一年生冬性禾本科物种的春化、生长和可溶性碳水化合物的积累有重要作用。本研究以Ley muscinereus×L .triticoides的杂种F1开放授粉获得的F2 群体为材料 ,用 2 0 4个未定位的AFLP分子标记和几个基因组特定的与vrn_1相连锁的DNA标记检测了控制可溶性碳水化合物的积累、紫色素的积累和生长特性等几个数量性状的QTL。根据生长特性和适应性可将Leymuscinereus和L .triticoides区分开来。研究表明可溶性碳水化合物与紫色素的积累呈正相关 ,而且有关基因对这两种性状具有多效性。与之相类似 ,分蘖、叶发育、叶生长、草被剪后的再生长和地下茎的蔓延性这些性状之间也呈正相关 ,控制这些性状的基因具有多效性。但是可溶性碳水化合物的积累与生长的缓慢性无相关性。有几个分子标记包括与vrn_Xm1邻近的一个分子标记对叶可溶性碳水化合物的浓度和低温生长具有正效应。而与vrn_Ns1邻近的一个DNA标记对分蘖具有更加特别的效应。我们推测vrn_1对多年生赖草低温下叶可溶性碳水化合物的积累及生长习性具有数量效应。发现几个DNA标记对可溶性碳水化合物的积累及多个生长特性有较强的作用。研究结果暗示     

外来植物白千层生长区域土壤的化感作用研究

为了探究外来植物白千层生长区域土壤的化感作用, 选择邻近生长的本地植物榕树为对照, 以白菜和萝卜为受体植物, 通过对比研究白千层(Melaleuca leucadendra Linn)生长区域与邻近榕树生长区域的土壤水浸液对白菜和萝卜的种子萌发与幼苗生长的抑制作用, 同时设置不添加活性碳与添加活性碳处理, 探究白千层生长区域土壤的化感作用。结果表明, 白千层生长区土壤对白菜和萝卜的幼苗生长有明显的抑制作用, 且不同浓度水提液对不同受体植物的影响不同。相较于对照植物榕树, 白千层生长区的土壤水浸液在低浓度不添加活性碳条件下对白菜与萝卜苗高具有明显的抑制作用。与未添加活性碳处理相比, 经过活性碳处理的土壤浸提液对萝卜苗高与根长有一定的促进作用, 证明白千层生长区土壤水浸液对萝卜幼苗生长具有明显的抑制作用。     

东北羊草草原羊草种群生长与环境关系的研究

本文研究了东北单草草原单草种群的生长, 并利用灰色系统理论考查了环境因子对单草生长的作用规律. 结果表明:羊草种群的生长具有明显的季节进程, 7-8月份生长最快, 生长速率为0.20-0.403g/m²·d, 相对单草的生长. 土壤水解氮、速效钾、活性有机质、温度、pH值和有效磷具有较大的灰色关联度, 其中水解氮、速效钾和活性有机质是羊草生长的优势因子, pH值是限制因子. 羊草生长的最优模型为y=4.74x₁+6.15x₂+2.48x₃-73.64.     

水葫芦黑斑病菌Alternaria alternata的生物学特性研究

在不同试验条件下培养水葫芦黑斑病菌Alternaria alternata菌株,探讨其主要的生物学特性,结果表明：该菌株生长的最佳培养基为PSA,最佳C源为葡萄糖,弱碱性和中性N源对该菌菌丝生长具有明显的促进作用,而酸性N源对其具有抑制作用。菌株生长的最佳pH值为pH7,最适温度为27℃。湿度越大,对菌株生长越有利。     

一种制备新生隐球菌单细胞的方法

【目的】建立流式细胞仪分选新生隐球菌单细胞的方法,确定新生隐球菌单细胞恢复生长的条件和能力。【方法】利用Moflo XDP流式细胞分析分选仪,体外测定不同条件下新生隐球菌恢复生长的比率。【结果】建立了流式细胞仪新生隐球菌单细胞分选流程。确定流式细胞仪分选得到的新生隐球菌单细胞具有恢复生长的能力,恢复生长的能力受营养条件和菌株差异的影响。在营养丰富的条件下,新生隐球菌JEC21和H99单细胞恢复生长比率分别为74%和89%。在寡营养条件下,JEC21和H99单细胞恢复生长比率分别为37%和80%。JEC21生长比率随细胞数的增加而升高,细胞数为100个时,生长比率为55%;细胞数为1000个时,生长比率为97%。【结论】流式细胞仪分选得到新生隐球菌单细胞具有恢复生长的能力,生长能力受营养条件、菌株差异的影响。     

一种用于食草动物粪便显微组织分析的临时装片新技术

粪便显微组织分析法是研究食草动物食性的主要方法,其常规装片技术需要使用Hoyer's 装片介质对植物碎片进行封片,而Hoyer's 封片液的粘性易导致植物碎片在装片过程中发生卷曲和重叠,影响植物碎片的识别效果。本文提出的新装片技术采用没有粘性的饱和NaCl 溶液代替Hoyer's 装片介质,结合特定的定量取样方法和装片程序,可以有效地减少植物碎片的卷曲率和重叠率。对比试验显示,新装片技术可使植物碎片卷曲率从10.4% 下降至3.8%,重叠率从25% 下降至8.1% ,说明新装片技术在减少植物碎片卷曲和重叠方面明显优于常规装片方法。     

Carcinoembryonic antigen in cytological specimens of urothelial carcinoma

A peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique was developed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in urothelial transitional cells of 52 bladder cancer patients. The percentage of CEA-containing malignant cells varied from 10% to 100%. As a mean, 65% of the malignant cells stained for CEA, while the corresponding figure for benign-looking cells was 24%. The results were compared with cytological evaluations, flow cytophotometric results, and immunofluorescent (IF) staining for CEA. With increasing malignancy, more CEA was detected with the PAP technique, whereas the IF technique failed to show this trend. 18 of 20 malignant-tumors had an aneuploid DNA pattern. The two diploid cases were moderately well differentiated. Samples from bladders with heavy inflammation should be avoided in the PAP technique, since the unspecific staining of granulocytes disturbed a correct evaluation of the transitional cells. The PAP technique used on cytological material is recommended for antigen determinations, since good morphology is obtained.     

Molecular approach to the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis in France

BackgroundThe diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis is based on the complementarity of serological technique and microscopic examination (ME). Between 2015 and 2019, the number of urinary schistosomiasis tests received in our laboratory increased sharply from 300 to 900 per year.Therefore, we wanted to evaluate the reliability of urine microscopic examination (ME, reference and routine technique) from urine sample by comparing it to other techniques (antigenic technique and PCR). To this end, we optimized two real-time PCRs targeting respectively Schistosoma haematobium (Sh) and Schistosoma mansoni (Sm).Methodology/Principal findings914 urine samples from 846 patients suspected of urogenital schistosomiasis were prescribed and analyzed by PCR and also by antigenic technique for the first 143 samples. The antigenic technique evaluated was Schisto POC-CCA, Rapid Medical Diagnostics. These results (antigenic technique and PCR) were compared to ME which was performed from all urines.The percentage of 14% (128/914) positive cases with the PCR technique and the percentage of 6.0% (54/914) positive cases with ME is significantly different (Chi 2 test, p<0.001). These 128 positive PCRs correspond to 120 different patients, 88.3% (106/120) of them were young migrants and 11.7% (14/120) were French patients returning from travel. Among these migrants, more than 75% (80/106) came from French-speaking West Africa.In addition, the Schisto POC-CCA showed a specificity of 39% (46/117), too poor to be used as a screening tool in low or non-endemic areas.Conclusion/SignificanceTargeted Sh and Sm PCRs in urine are reliable techniques compared to ME (reference technique). In view of our results, we decided to screen urinary schistosomiasis by direct ME always coupled by the PCR technique, which has shown better reliability criteria.     

Effectiveness of three micropropagation techniques to dissociate cytochimeras in Musa spp

In vitro mutagenesis of multicellular meristems of Musa spp. leads to a high degree of chimerism. Repeated vegetative propagation must be carried out to dissociate chimeras but the minimum number of cycles required is unknown. In general, mutated cells are difficult to monitor but mutations which result in a change in genome number are an exception. We simulated this case by colchicine treatment, followed by flow cytometric analysis. Colchicine treatment induced ploidy chimerism (mixoploidy), and chimera dissociation was assessed using three different propagation systems (shoot-tip culture technique - ST, multi-apexing culture technique - MA and corm slice culture technique - CS). The average percentage of cytochimeras was reduced from 100% to 36% after three subcultures using shoot-tip culture, from 100% to 24% when propagating by the corm slice culture technique and from 100% to 8% after the same number of subcultures using the multi-apexing technique. All propagation systems failed to eliminate chimerism completely. Factors that may influence chimera dissociation in vitro are discussed. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Biochemical verification of quantitative histochemical analysis of succinate dehydrogenase activity in skeletal muscle fibres

Summary The purpose of this investigation was to examine critically the validity of a computerized quantitative microphotometric histochemical technique for the determination of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in skeletal muscle fibres. Sections from the anterior costal diaphragm were removed from Fischer-344 rats (n = 12) and assayed histochemically to determine SDH activity. The SDH activity in individual muscle fibres was computed using a computerized microphotometric histochemical technique which involves measurement of the optical density of deposited diformazan derived from nitroblue tetrazolium within the fibres. To validate the histochemical technique, whole muscle SDH activities were calculated from the histochemical procedure and were compared to SDH activities determined from whole muscle homogenates via a standard quantitative biochemical assay. The mean within-day variability of the computerized microphotometric histochemical technique of determining SDH activity was 6% (range = 0.5–10.9%) for an area containing ~50 fibres and 6.1% (range = 1.05–14.9%) for an individual muscle fibre. Similarly, the mean between-day variability of the microphotometric histochemical technique of determining SDH activity was 5.9% (range = 2.6–13.9%) for an area containing ~50 fibres and 6.6% (range = 2.2–13.9%) for an individual muscle fibre. The inter-class correlation coefficient between biochemically determined SDH activity and histochemically determined SDH activity was r = 0.83 (p < 0.05). Collectively, these data demonstrate that the quantitative histochemical technique of Blanco et al. (1988) is both valid and reliable in the determination of SDH activity in skeletal muscle fibres.     

Comparison of conventional Papanicolaou smear and SurePath® liquid-based cytology in the Copenhagen population screening programme for cervical cancer

OBJECTIVE: To compare diagnostic performance of conventional Papanicolaou smear with SurePath liquid-based cytology in a population screening programme. METHODS: A retrospective comparison was performed on data from two 18-month periods of the screening programme for cervical cancer in the municipality of Copenhagen with conventional Papanicolaou technique (n = 82,116) and liquid-based cytology (n = 84,414). RESULTS: After the conversion to liquid-based cytology the percentage of unsatisfactory samples decreased from 2.3% to 0.3% (P < 0.001), whereas the number of normal cervical samples lacking an endocervical component increased from 8.5% to 8.9% (P < 0.005). The percentage of samples with atypical cells and cells suspicious for malignancy increased from 3% to 4.2% (P < 0.001) and from 1.9% to 2.4% (P < 0.001), respectively. The subsequent histological follow-up showed normal findings decreased from 70.5% to 68.9% and from 28.0% to 26.1%, respectively. However, in relation to the entire screening populations, there was an increase of normal findings from 2.12% to 2.89% after primary atypical diagnosis and from 0.53% to 0.62% after diagnosis of suspicious cells after conversion to the liquid-based technique. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the number of unsatisfactory samples to be significantly reduced with the liquid-based technique. The data suggest that there is an increased detection rate of cervical precancerous lesions with liquid-based cytology, but the number of false positive tests is still high. The specificity of the two tests seems similar, but this cannot be ascertained exactly, because of the fact that follow-up of negative cases is unavailable.     

杉木种源胸径生长地理变异规律的研究

“ｋｒｉｇｅ”技术是空间内插稀疏观测资料的随机方法。本文应用该方法,对全国杉木种源试验５５个试验点的４３个共同种源的胸径生长结果进行地理变异分析。结果表明：“ｋｒｉｇｅ”空间内插技术能准确反映杉木种源胸径生长的地理变异规律,拟合优度达到９１．７％。用４３个种源中的３３个杉木种源胸径生长作为已知点预测剩余１０个杉木种源胸径生长,预测精度达９５．８５％,说明用“ｋｒｉｇｅ”技术研究杉木种源地理变异是可行的,也为种源区划提供了有力的新工具。     

Evaluation of a simple Theileria annulata culture protocol from experimentally infected bovine whole blood

We have evaluated a new simple technique using whole blood from experimentally infected cattle for the isolation and cultivation of Theileria annulata. The study was carried out on 20 Holstein-Frisian bovines that had been experimentally infected with a virulent lethal dose of Theileria annulata. This technique has been compared to the classical peripheral blood monocyte isolation with Ficoll carried out on 22 experimentally infected Holstein-Friesian calves. The effectiveness of the reference technique was estimated to 86.4%, whilst the effectiveness of the new technique was 100%. Moreover, this new technique leads to time and money saving estimated to € 3.06 per sample. It decreases the contamination risks by reducing the steps of sample manipulation.     

柠檬醛分子蒸馏纯化新工艺与毛叶木姜子果油成分分析

利用分子蒸馏技术对毛叶木姜子果挥发油中所含柠檬醛进行了分离纯化工艺的研究。结果所得到的柠檬醛的纯度达到了 95 % ,产率为 5 3% (柠檬醛 /毛叶木姜子果油 ) ,柠檬醛的损失率仅为 15 %。从而表明 ,分子蒸馏这一现代分离技术在从毛叶木姜子果油中分离天然柠檬醛方面具有一定的可行性和工业化前景     

Time domain baroreflex sensitivity assessment by joint analysis of spontaneous SBP and RR series

The sequences technique is frequently used for time domain assessment of the arterial-cardiac baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS). The BRS is estimated by the slope between systolic blood pressure and RR interval values in baroreflex sequences (BSs) and an overall estimate is obtained by slope averaging. However, only 25% of all beats are in BSs with 60% of those located in 3-beat length segments. Also, in cases of BSs absence (usually associated with poor BRS function), the BRS cannot be quantified.Here, baroreflex events (BEs) are introduced and used with global/total slope estimators to improve BRS assessment. The performance of the novel method is evaluated using the EuroBaVar dataset. The events technique benefits from a higher number of beats: 50% of all beats are in BEs with more than 70% exceeding 3-beat length. It always provides a BRS estimate, even when BSs cannot be identified. When BSs are available, estimates from BEs and BSs are highly correlated. The estimates from BEs for the cases without BSs are lower than the estimates for the remaining cases, indicating poorer BRS function. The events technique also offers superior ability to discriminate lying from standing position in the EuroBaVar dataset (23/23 versus 18/23 for the sequences technique).