牛成纤维细胞的分离与体外培养

研究了牛胎儿和成年牛皮肤组织成纤维细胞的分离、培养、纯化方法和生长特征。通过组织块贴壁培养和分离单细胞接种培养均能获得原代牛皮肤细胞。用2.5 g/L胰蛋白酶+1mmol/L EDTA和5 g/L胶原酶I联合消化牛皮肤组织较2.5 g/L胰蛋白酶+1 mmol/L EDTA消化,得到更多的单个细胞,两者之间差异极显著(P<0.01),但其死细胞比率却有较大升高;2.5 g/L胰蛋白酶+1 mmol/L EDTA消化牛胎儿组织得到的单细胞数显著高于皮肤组织消化后得到的细胞数(P<0.01),死细胞比率也高于同种酶消化的皮肤组织。分离纯化的胎儿和皮肤成纤维细胞的生长曲线都正常且相似。2.5 g/L胰蛋白酶+1 mmol/L EDTA消化贴壁细胞后死细胞率明显高于用0.5g/L胰蛋白酶+0.53 mmol/L EDTA消化的细胞(P<0.05);培养24 h后细胞贴壁率前者要明显低于后者(P<0.05)。用0.5 g/L胰蛋白酶轻度消化混杂生长的成纤维细胞和上皮样细胞,经过反复贴壁传代2～3代,可得到较纯的成纤维细胞。     

树鼩原代皮肤成纤维细胞的分离培养技术

建立稳定的树鼩(Tupaiabelangeri)皮肤成纤维细胞的体外培养体系,可为有关此类细胞的实验和疾病树鼩细胞模型提供技术支持。取树鼩大腿内侧皮肤用组织块贴壁法和胶原酶Ⅰ消化法分离皮肤细胞,胰蛋白酶差别消化法纯化细胞;用MEM(10%FBS)完全培养基和含低血清生长添加物(LSGS)的培养基培养细胞;免疫荧光和蛋白印迹法鉴定细胞,并测定细胞的生长、冻存和复苏特性。经树鼩皮肤细胞分离效果比较,胶原酶消化法比组织块贴壁法更适合用于树鼩原代皮肤细胞分离;对分离及冻存复苏后细胞生长状况观察比较发现,添加了LSGS的MEM培养基更利于细胞存活、生长;细胞形态观察、免疫荧光和蛋白印迹检测鉴定所分离的细胞为树鼩皮肤成纤维细胞。成功建立了树鼩原代皮肤细胞的分离、纯化方法,并优化了该细胞的培养条件。     

成年小鼠原代皮肤成纤维细胞的分离培养及其生物学特性

目的:建立一种周期短、成本低的成年小鼠原代皮肤成纤维细胞分离培养方法,并探索其生物学特性。方法:取8~12周龄BALB/c小鼠背部、尾尖、耳部皮肤,配制2种血清的细胞培养液,采用组织块贴壁法、酶消化法、酶消化组织块贴壁法进行原代皮肤成纤维细胞的培养,通过显微镜观察比较原代细胞的数量、形态、培养周期及纯度;通过免疫荧光、CCK-8、UVB辐照、流式细胞术进行生物学特性鉴别。结果:背部皮肤组织块贴壁使用Gibco胎牛血清培养7 d无细胞游出,CLARK特级胎牛血清细胞游出较多。背部皮肤经酶消化法得到细胞贴壁少;经组织块贴壁法细胞生长慢,培养周期长;酶消化组织块贴壁法细胞游出速度快、数量多、呈长梭形。尾尖取材量少,得到细胞少;耳部皮肤取材方便,但细胞纯度低。CCK8增殖曲线呈S型;相较于对照组,UVB辐照后细胞凋亡率增高17%。结论:CLARK特级胎牛血清、背部皮肤取材、酶消化组织块贴壁法是培养成年小鼠原代皮肤成纤维细胞最优的方案,可增加细胞得量、缩短培养周期,降低成本。     

水牛胎儿成纤维细胞体外培养体系的初步建立

为探讨适合水牛胎儿成纤维细胞(BFF)的体外培养体系,采用常规组织块法和胰蛋白酶消化法原代培养BFF均获得了较多的成纤维细胞,但后者所得细胞的活力不如前者高,且死细胞也较多;传代或冻存成纤维细胞时用4℃预冷的胰蛋白酶室温下消化所得的细胞比37℃热消化的细胞更圆、更有光泽;跟踪32代的细胞冷冻复苏率均达70%～80%;染色体分析结果显示,二倍体细胞所占比例始终保持在80%～90%之间,各代细胞(5th、10th、15th)之间差异不显著(P>0.05).结果 表明,组织块法原代培养、4℃预冷胰蛋白酶室温消化传代细胞的培养体系比较适合水牛胎儿成纤维细胞的培养.     

克氏原螯虾精巢与输精管组织细胞原代培养方法初探

将剪碎的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)精巢与输精管组织块分别接种于含20?S、双抗以及添加了适量无机盐等的M199-MK、MEM、S20、Grace’s和L-15培养基中,25℃恒温静置培养。结果表明,在Grace’s培养基中,只有少量组织块贴壁。在其余培养基中,大多数组织块能在1～2周内逐渐贴壁,L-15和S20培养基培养效果最好。组织块贴壁后,一些成纤维细胞和上皮样细胞逐渐从组织块迁移出来。传代后组织块可继续贴壁并重新迁移出一些成纤维细胞与少量上皮样细胞。添加部分草鱼细胞系PSF或斜纹夜蛾细胞系Sl驯化的培养基进行培养,驯化培养基:新鲜培养基=1:5(v/v),结果表明,Sl驯化培养基能促进细胞的迁移。组织块一般可离体培养2～4个月,但是都未能形成细胞单层。胰蛋白酶消化后分散的虾细胞不能贴壁。     

食管癌相关成纤维细胞的分离与鉴定

目的探索和获得较纯的食管癌肿瘤相关成纤维细胞,为后续关于食管癌肿瘤微环境中肿瘤相关成纤维细胞作用的研究提供材料和依据。方法通过组织块法和胰蛋白酶消化法及混合培养的比较来获得快速较纯的成纤维细胞;免疫组化鉴定成纤维细胞;细胞增殖法检测细胞的增殖能力;结果组织块法、组织块和胰蛋白酶消化结合的方法均可获得较纯的成纤维细胞,而且发现食管癌相关成纤维细胞的增殖速度明显高于癌旁成纤维细胞的增殖。结论获得的较纯的成纤维细胞可以用于进一步的机制研究。     

猪耳皮肤成纤维细胞的培养

本研究以猪耳皮组织为材料,采用胰蛋白酶冷热处理结合法成功地分离和培养了猪耳皮肤成纤维细胞。此方法的细胞存活率相对于胰蛋白酶热处理法较高。传代细胞与原代细胞的形态和生长速度均相似。传代细胞未检测到凋亡现象。细胞已传至15代以上,染色体倍性正常,说明我们所建立的胰蛋白酶冷热处理结合法可以快速有效的分离和培养猪耳皮肤成纤维细胞,并且能稳定的进行传代培养。     

黄牛表皮细胞分离与体外培养最适条件的探索

为了建立黄牛表皮细胞分离与体外培养的最适条件,比较了组织块法与单细胞悬液法、不同蛋白酶(胰蛋白酶和分离酶)的消化以及有无血清培养基对细胞生长的影响,以克隆形成率来检测细胞生长和存活情况。结果证明：采用分离酶分离表皮细胞进行无血清培养是黄牛表皮细胞体外培养的最适条件。     

东方田鼠皮肤成纤维细胞的分离培养及生物学特性

目的探索和建立东方田鼠皮肤成纤维细胞体外分离、培养的技术方法并观察其生物学特性。方法采用含10%小牛血清的Dulbecco改良Eagle培养液(DMEM)和1640两种培养体系,运用组织块贴壁法和胰酶消化法,分别对出生后1、3 d和5 d的东方田鼠乳鼠皮肤成纤维细胞进行原代分离、培养。苏木素-伊红染色及倒置相差显微镜下观察成纤维细胞形态和生长特性。结果 0.25%胰酶消化分离出生后1 d和3 d东方田鼠乳鼠皮肤较出生后5 d组织可获得较多数量细胞,成纤维细胞在体外快速贴壁生长,一般6～7 d长满培养瓶,细胞纯度高,HE染色细胞呈长梭形,胞核明显;DMEM和1640两种培养液均可用于东方田鼠皮肤成纤维细胞的培养,但细胞传代后生长趋缓,只可传代2～3次。本实验运用组织块贴壁法未能培养出皮肤成纤维细胞。结论确定了有效分离东方田鼠皮肤成纤维细胞的日龄和方法,为进一步深入研究提供了技术方法和操作依据。     

东方田鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的分离培养及生物学特性

目的对影响东方田鼠胚胎成纤维细胞（MfEF）分离和培养的因素进行探索,并观察其生物学特性。方法取室内繁殖饲养不同胎龄的东方田鼠胚胎分离成纤维细胞,通过原代和继代培养,分析比较不同胎龄、不同血清浓度、不同胰蛋白酶浓度等因素对MfEF分离及培养的影响,观察MfEF的生长形态及其生物学特性。结果 MfEF为贴壁型生长,细胞形态多样,呈梭形、不规则多边形;采用0.125%的胰蛋白酶室温消化12～13 d胚胎组织5 min,以DMEM培养基添加15%小牛血清分离培养MfEF的效果最佳;MfEF2～7代增殖最旺盛。结论获得了实验室分离、培养MfEF的有效方法 ,为进一步深入研究东方田鼠抗日本血吸虫机制以及开展不同动物成纤维细胞间比较研究奠定了基础。     

Separation of keratinocytes by density gradient centrifugation for DNA cytofluorometry

Summary A method for the separation of guinea pig epidermal keratinocytes, in which the Feulgen-stainable material suffers minimal damage, has been investigated. The principal stage involves trypsin treatment of the epidermal sheet, stripped from the dermis with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. The epidermal cells thus isolated are separated into three groups by centrifugation on a continuous colloidal silica (Percoll) density gradient. The resulting arrangement of the keratinocytes in the centrifuge tube corresponds to their arrangement in situ, with basal cells at the bottom and the more differentiated cells above. By morphological examination, it can be shown that relatively pure fractions of basal cells, spinous cells, and granular cells are obtained by this method. With respect to DNA distribution pattern, there was good agreement between that of keratinocytes separated by the microdissection-ultrasonic irradiation method, or by the chymotrypsin method as reported previously by us, and that obtained by the present method.     

Separation of keratinocytes by density gradient centrifugation for DNA cytofluorometry

A method for the separation of guinea pig epidermal keratinocytes, in which the Feulgen-stainable material suffers minimal damage, has been investigated. The principal stage involves trypsin treatment of the epidermal sheet, stripped from the dermis with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. The epidermal cells thus isolated are separated into three groups by centrifugation on a continuous colloidal silica (Percoll) density gradient. The resulting arrangement of the keratinocytes in the centrifuge tube corresponds to their arrangement in situ, with basal cells at the bottom and the more differentiated cells above. By morphological examination, it can be shown that relatively pure fractions of basal cells, spinous cells, and granular cells are obtained by this method. With respect to DNA distribution pattern, there was good agreement between that of keratinocytes separated by the microdissection-ultrasonic irradiation method, or by the chymotrypsin method as reported previously by us, and that obtained by the present method.     

Effects of fibroblasts of different origin on long term maintenance of xenotransplanted human epidermal kerationocytes in immunodeficient mice

We examined effects of fibroblasts of different origin on long-term maintenance of xenotransplanted human epidermal keratinocytes. A suspension of cultured epidermal cells, originating from adult human trunk skin, was injected into double mutant immunodeficient (BALB/c nu/scid) mice subcutaneously, with or without cultured fibroblastic cells of different origin. At one week after transplantation, the epidermal cells generated epidermoid cysts consisting of human epidermis-like tissue. When the epidermal cells were injected alone or together with fibroblastic cells derived from human bone marrow, muscle fascia, or murine dermis, organized epidermoid cysts regressed within 6 weeks. In contrast, when the epidermal cells were injected together with human dermal fibroblasts, generated epidermoid cysts were maintained in vivo for more than 24 weeks. Histological examination showed that the reorganized epidermis, after injection of both epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, retained normal structures of the original epidermis during 6 to 24 weeks after transplantation. The results indicate that human dermal fibroblasts facilitate the long-term maintenance of the reorganized epidermis after xenotransplantation of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes by supporting self renewal of the human epidermal tissue in vivo.     

Trypsin inhibitors inhibit induction by interferon-gamma of HLA-DR antigen expression on human skin cells

Serine protease inhibitors with a specificity for trypsin inhibit interferon-gamma (INF-gamma)-induced HLA-DR expression on a hybrid human epidermal cell line (H12), dermal fibroblasts, and primary keratinocytes. Protease inhibitors with a specificity for chymotrypsin or papain fail to inhibit IFN-gamma. The inhibitory effect of the trypsin inhibitors is similar to that of glucocorticoids in that it is a transient event, fading with length of exposure to IFN-gamma, and is reversed by the addition of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) and phospholipase C(PLC) from Clostridium perfringens. In H12 cells, dbcAMP and PLC enhance the IFN-gamma induction of HLA-DR, but do not induce in the absence of INF-gamma. Evidence suggests that the protease inhibitors, as well as dbcAMP and PLC, may modulate HLA-DR expression at a post-translational site as well as during IFN-gamma signal transduction. These results suggest that trypsin-like protease activity may be required for cellular HLA-DR antigen expression following exposure to IFN-gamma.     

Proteolytic activity in human skin fibroblasts harvested with trypsin and its effect on measurements of collagen hydroxylase activities.

Lysates of human skin fibroblasts harvested without the use of trypsin do not contain detectable proteolytic activity, but when trypsin is used, lysates may contain activity equal to 10 ng of trypsin/10⁷ cells. The amount of cell lysate ordinarily examined for collagen prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase activity is sufficiently small that such amounts of trypsin have no observable effect on the unhydroxylated collagen substrate. Larger amounts of trypsin cause proteolysis of the unhydroxylated collagen substrate and a reduction of both prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation with lysyl hydroxylation more affected at low trypsin concentration than prolyl hydroxylation.     

Culture conditions for bovine embryonic stem cell-like cells isolated from blastocysts after external fertilization

Although isolation and characterization of embryonic stem cells have been successful in cattle, maintenance of bovine embryonic stem cells in culture remains difficult. In this study, we compared different methods of cell passaging, feeder cell layers and medium conditions for bovine embryonic stem cell-like cells. We found that a murine embryonic fibroblast feeder layer is more suitable for embryonic stem cell-like cells than bovine embryonic fibroblasts. When murine embryonic fibroblasts were used, a mechanical method of passaging led to better cell growth than passaging by trypsin digestion. We also found that exogenous supplementation with leukemia inhibitory factor maintained the embryonic stem cell-like cells in an undifferentiated state, whereas addition of stem cell factor resulted in their differentiation. Our findings provide an experimental basis for the establishment of an effective culture system for bovine embryonic stem cells.