中国云南果实蝇属两新种和一新纪录记述(双翅目,实蝇科)(英文)

记述了我国果实蝇属2新纪录亚属,爪哇果实蝇亚属Javadacus和巴布亚果实蝇亚属Papuodacus;1新纪录种,三条果实蝇B.(J.)trilineata(Hardy);及2新种,端黄果实蝇Bactrocera(Javadacus)apiciflava Yu,HeetChen,sp.nov.和中华果实蝇Bactrocera(Papuodacus)sinensisYu,BaietChen,sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存于中国检验检疫科学研究院动植物检疫所,北京。端黄果实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Javadacus)apiciflavaYu,HeetChen,sp.nov.(图1~6)背侧片全黄;前股外侧黑亮,内侧黄;翅端扩大成斑。正模♂,云南河口,2008-09,和万忠采。副模3♂♂,同正模。词源:新种种名据其特征小盾片端部黄而定名。中华果实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Papuodacus)sinensisYu,BaietChen,sp.nov.(图12~16)小盾片黄,端部具黑斑;股节端部具黑斑;翅前缘带达R2+3;腹部3~5背板具黑中纵条。正模♂,云南勐腊,2009-08,白永华采。副模:1♂,同正模;1♂,2010-08-15,其他数据同正模。词源:新种种名据其分布地中国而定名。     

云南景洪果实蝇属三新种及一新纪录种记述(双翅目,实蝇科)(英文)

记述采自中国云南景洪的果实蝇属3新种和中国1新纪录种:滇黑寡鬃实蝇Bactrocera(Bactrocera)nigrifacia sp.nov.,哈迪氏果实蝇B.(B.)hardyisp.nov.,景洪果实蝇B.(B.)jinghongensis sp.nov.和黑颜面实蝇Bactrocera(Zeugodacus)vultus(Hardy,1973),3新种均符合DrewetHancock(1994)对桔小实蝇复合体的定义。模式标本保存于福建农林大学益虫研究所。滇黑寡鬃实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Bactrocera)nigrifacia sp.nov.(图1～4)新种与黑胫实蝇B.(Bactrocera)nigr of emoralis Whiteet Tsuruta相近,颜均为黑色,与后者的区别在于:2条平行的缝后侧黄色条终止于翅内鬃之前,第2腹背板橙棕色且前缘具黑色横带。正模♂,云南景洪,2010-09-02,Cue-lure引诱,张南南采。副模3♂♂,同正模。词源:新种种名根据颜面黑色而命名。哈迪氏果实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Bactrocera)hardyisp.nov.(图5～7)新种与印尼实蝇Bactrocera(Bactrocera)indonesiae Drewet Hancock相近,与后者的区别为:第3～5腹背板黑褐色,前足腿节黄褐色,且端部具黑褐色斑,中足和后足腿节为黄褐色,且端部具很短的黑褐色条纹。正模♂,云南景洪,2010-09-04,Cue-lure引诱,张南南采。副模3♂♂,同正模。词源:新种种名以双翅目分类专家DilbertE.Hardy的姓氏命名。景洪果实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Bactrocera)jinghongensis sp.nov.(图8～11)新种与基纳巴卢实蝇Bactrocera(Bactrocera)kinabalu Drewet Hancock相近,与后者的区别在于:缝后侧黄色条终止于翅内鬃之前,中足腿节端部1/2黑色。正模♂,云南景洪,2010-09-04,Cue-lure引诱,张南南采。副模4♂♂,同正模。词源:新种种名以模式产地命名。     

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS BACTROCERA MACQUART FROM CHINA ( DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE)

记述采自中国云南的果实蝇属(双翅目,实蝇科)1新种,陈氏果实蝇Bactrocera(Bactrocera)cheni sp.nov.,模式标本保存于福建农林大学益虫研究所.陈氏果实蝇,新种Bactrocera(Bactrocera) cheni sp.nov.(图1～4)新种属于桔小实蝇复合体,新种与龙目实蝇Bactrocera (Bactrocera) lombokensis Drew et Hancock相近,与后者的区别为:中足腿节内端1/3具黑褐色斑,后足腿节内端1/4具黑褐色斑,中足胫节黄褐色,向基部颜色加深.正模♂,云南景洪,2010-12-20,Cue-lure引诱,张南南采.副模4 ♂ ♂,同正模.词源:新种种名源自分类专家S.H.Chen的姓氏.     

NEW SPECIES OF AMBLYPSILOPUS AND CONDYLOSTYLUS FROM GUANGXI, CHINA ( DIPTERA, DOLICHOPODIDAE)

记述模式产地来自广西南宁大明山的长足虻科3新种.新种模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆.1褐端雅长足虻,新种Ambiypsilopus apicalis sp.nov.(图1)鉴别特征跗节末端暗褐色,尾须端部扩大,背侧突分三叉.正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-24,张婷婷采.副模:4 ♂ ♂,3 ♀♀,同正模.词源:新种种名意指跗节末端暗褐色.2指端雅长足虻,新种Amblypsilopus digitatus sp.nov.(图2)鉴别特征触角黄色且梗节暗褐色,前足端跗节具特化侧毛,尾须近指状.正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-24,张婷婷采.词源:新种种名意指尾须端指状.3大明山毛瘤长足虻,新种Condylastylus damingshanus sp.nov.(图3～4)鉴别特征后足腿节端部浅黑色,尾须很长,几乎伸达腹基部.正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-29,张婷婷采.副模:13♂♂,1 ♀,同正模.词源:新种种名意指模式产地大明山.     

中国广西雅长足虻属和毛瘤长足虻属新种记述(双翅目,长足虻科)(英文)

记述模式产地来自广西南宁大明山的长足虻科3新种。新种模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆。1褐端雅长足虻,新种Amblypsilopus apicalis sp.nov.(图1)鉴别特征跗节末端暗褐色,尾须端部扩大,背侧突分三叉。正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-24,张婷婷采。副模:4♂♂,3♀♀,同正模。词源:新种种名意指跗节末端暗褐色。2指端雅长足虻,新种Amblypsilopus digitatus sp.nov.(图2)鉴别特征触角黄色且梗节暗褐色,前足端跗节具特化侧毛,尾须近指状。正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-24,张婷婷采。词源:新种种名意指尾须端指状。3大明山毛瘤长足虻,新种Condylostylus damingshanus sp.nov.(图3～4)鉴别特征后足腿节端部浅黑色,尾须很长,几乎伸达腹基部。正模♂,广西南宁大明山,2011-05-29,张婷婷采。副模:13♂♂,1♀,同正模。词源:新种种名意指模式产地大明山。     

中国光轴甲属一新纪录亚属及一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,轴甲族)

报道中国新纪录亚属,光轴甲指名亚属subgenus Augolesthus s.str.Motschulsky,1872,并记述采自云南省沧源县班洪的1新种,具齿光轴甲Augolesthus(s.str.)dentatus sp.nov.,绘制雌、雄外生殖器特征图,并提供了雌、雄成体背面观照片,模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.具齿光轴甲,新种Augolesthus dentatus sp.nov.(图1～9)新种与泰国光轴甲A.thailandicus Masumoto,1986及良彦光轴甲A.yoshihikoi Masumoto,2001相似,但前者前足腿节无齿,后者唇基前缘具V型深凹而与新种相区别.正模♂,2008-07-16 ～ 18,云南沧源县班洪乡,海拔1 130m,徐吉山、郜振华采.副模:2 ♂ ♂,4♀ ♀,同正模.词源:新种种名源自前足腿节下侧端部具齿.     

中国四川侧跗叶蜂属两新种(膜翅目,叶蜂科)

记述了中国四川侧跗叶蜂属2新种:半氲侧跗叶蜂S.basifusca sp.nov.和程氏侧跗叶蜂Siobla chengi sp.nov.,2新种均属于S.sturmii种团.半氲侧跗叶蜂,新种S.basifusca sp.nov.(图1～6)新种是S.sturmii种团成员,与缅甸分布的S.longepilosa Malaise,1934近似,但前翅基部3/5明显烟褐色;触角端部4节背侧无斑纹;复眼较大,下缘间距1.3倍于复眼高;背面观上眶等长于复眼;单眼后区宽长比等于1.4,后缘宽1.5倍于前缘;侧沟向后强烈分歧;后足跗节第1、2跗垫间距2.8倍于第2跗垫长;锯腹片中部锯刃的小齿较大而显著.S.longepilosa Malaise的前翅全部透明;触角端部4节背侧具明显暗斑;复眼较小,下缘间距1.5倍于复眼高;背面观上眶明显长于复眼;单眼后区宽长比等于1.2,后缘宽1.2倍于前缘;侧沟向后弱分歧;后足跗节第1、2跗垫间距4倍于第2跗垫长;锯腹片中部锯刃的小齿微小、模糊.正模♀,071 (China),四川,贡嘎山,海拔2 800～3000m,2009-06-30,Leg.S.M.Blank,A.D.Liston和A.Taeger,CSCSHT 00810048 (GSCS).副模1 ♂,四川峨眉山雷洞坪(29.546°N,103.327°E;海拔2 350 m),2009-07-03,钟义海采(CSGS).词源:新种种名源自雌虫前翅基部烟褐色,端部透明.程氏侧跗叶蜂,新种Siobla chengi sp.nov.(图7～12)新种是S.sturmii种团成员,但触角基部3节大部黑色,雌虫触角端部4节背侧暗褐色至黑褐色,雌虫后足跗节黑褐色,腹部1～7背板黑色,无明显淡环;中胸小盾片前坡强烈倾斜;头部背侧细毛较长且为浅褐色等,与该种团其余种类明显不同.S.longepilosa Malaise雌虫触角端部4节背侧也暗褐色,但该种雌虫触角基部3节全部红褐色,腹部2～3背板全部黄褐色,后足跗节红褐色;复眼小,下缘间距1.5倍于复眼高,单眼后区宽长比等于1.2,腹部背板高度光滑,无刻纹等,与本种不同.正模♀,四川峨眉山洗象池,海拔2000 m,2006-06-02,钟义海采,CSCSHT 00810051 (CSCS).副模:13♀♀,19 ♂ ♂,四川峨眉山洗象池,海拔2000m,2006-06-02,钟义海,周虎采;12♀♀,7 ♂ ♂,四川峨眉山雷洞坪,海拔2400 m,2006-07-02,钟义海,周虎采;3♀♀,15♂♂,四川峨眉山金顶,海拔3 076 m,2006-07-03,钟义海,周虎采;7♀♀,40♂♂,四川峨眉山雷洞坪,2007-06-12,钟义海,刘飞,张少冰采;5♀♀,38 ♂ ♂,四川峨眉山金顶,2007-06-13,钟义海,刘飞,张少冰采;9 ♂ ♂,四川峨眉山接引殿,2006-06-11,钟义海,刘飞采;2♂♂,四川初殿,程汉华采;31♀♀,18 ♂ ♂,四川峨眉山雷洞坪,海拔2 350m,2009-07-03 ～08,魏美才,肖炜,钟义海,牛耕耘,李泽建采;2♀♀,11 ♂ ♂,CSCS11107,四川峨眉山金顶,海拔3 071m,2011-06-26,朱朝阳,姜吉刚采;5♀♀,37 ♂ ♂,CSCS11108,四川峨眉山雷洞坪,海拔2447 m,2011-06-27,朱朝阳,姜吉刚采;3♀♀,1 ♂,CSCS11109,四川峨眉山雷洞坪,海拔2 425m,2011-06-28,朱朝阳,姜吉刚(以上标本保存于CSCS);2♀♀,四川峨眉山接引殿,海拔2 400 ～2 500 m,2009-07-04,Leg.S.M.Blank,A.D.Liston和A.Taeger(SDEI);1♀,1 ♂,四川峨眉山金顶,2007-06-13,钟义海,刘飞采(UNHM).词源:新种种名源自模式标本采集者之一的姓氏.     

TWO NEW RECORD SUBGENERA OF ORTHOCLADIUS (DIPTERA,CHIRONOMIDAE) FROM CHINA

记述中国直突摇蚊属两个新纪录亚属,寄莼直突摇蚊亚属Orthocladius(Pogonocladius)和钻木直突摇蚊亚属Orthocladius(Symposiocladius),雄成虫共5种,包括1新种O.(S.)futianensis sp.nov.,中国4新纪录种O.(P)consobrinus (Holmgren),O.(S.)holsatus Goetghebuer,O.(S.)lignicola Kieffer和O.(S.)schnelli Saether,并编制了中国钻木直突摇蚊亚属4种雄虫检索表.新种模式标本均保存于南开大学生命科学学院摇蚊学研究室.福田钻木直突摇蚊,新种O.(S.) futianensis sp.nov.(图1～3)雄成虫与本亚属其它已知种的区别如下:抱器端节中部最宽,亚端背脊突出,位于抱器端节的近末端.正模♂,云南省洱源县牛街镇福田村,1996-05-23,灯诱,周长发采.副模2 ♂ ♂,同正模.词源:新种种名源自其模式产地.     

锯爪蠊属一新种记述(蜚蠊目,姬蠊科,伪姬蠊亚科)(英文)

记述我国锯爪蠊属Chorisoserrata1新种,即短尾锯爪蠊Chorisoserrata brevicaudata sp.nov.,补充了该属的属征,提供该属分种检索表。短尾锯爪蠊,新种Chorisoserrata brevicaudata sp.nov.(图1~13)新种与Chorisoserrata jendekiVidlika相似,主要区别特征为:1)左阳茎指状凸起短且末端钝圆,后者长且末端尖锐;2)中阳茎端部钝圆,后者端部尖锐;3)中阳茎附属骨片刷状,端部具刺,后者端部钝圆无刺;4)腹部第7背板不特化,后者特化,中部具不明显的腺体。正模♂,云南勐腊勐仑,海拔800m,1981-04-10,李法圣采。副模1♀,云南勐腊勐仑,海拔800m,1981-04-10,李法圣采。词源:新种种名源于拉丁词brevi(短)和cauda(尾),表示该种左阳茎指状凸起短小。     

中国星水虻属五新种(双翅目,水虻科)(英文)

记述我国星水虻属5新种,即基褐星水虻Actina basalis sp.nov.,贡山星水虻A.gongshana sp.nov.,长角星水虻A.longa sp.nov.,腾冲星水虻A.tengchongana sp.nov.和张氏星水虻A.zhangae sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆。1基褐星水虻,新种Actina basalis sp.nov.(图3～4)新种与西藏星水虻A.xizangensis Yanget Nagatomi有些近似,但触角比头部短,中足胫节基部暗黄色。正模♂,云南金平保护站,2006-05-18,张俊华采。副模2♂♂,云南金平丫口,2006-05-18,张俊华采。2贡山星水虻,新种Actina gongshana sp.nov.(图5～6)新种与双叶星水虻A.bilobata Li,Zhanget Yang近似,但前足胫节褐色且基部暗黄色,触角鞭节黑色且基部黄褐色,阳茎三叶。正模♂,云南贡山丹侏,2007-05-18,刘星月采。副模2♂♂,同正模。3长角星水虻,新种Actinalonga sp.nov.(图1～2)新种与变星水虻A.varipes Lindner近似,但头胸背面紫色,触角比头部长。正模♂,西藏林芝,3050m,1978-06-04,李法圣采。4腾冲星水虻,新种Actina tengchongana sp.nov.(图7～8)新种与黄端星水虻A.apici flava Li,Zhanget Yang近似,但头部背面紫色,生殖基节腹面愈合部基部呈V型凹缺,阳茎中叶钝而侧叶端部稍内弯。正模♂,云南腾冲自治,2007-05-31,刘星月采。5张氏星水虻,新种Actinazhangae sp.nov.(图9～10)新种与长突星水虻A.elongata Li,Zhanget Yang很近似,但后足腿节无褐色前条纹,后足胫节基部褐色,M3不直接与盘室相连。正模♂,云南金平丫口,2006-05-18,张俊华采。     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Caprine blood groups. 2. The C,G, H,I, J,K, L,N, and Q systems

Nine blood group systems of goats were identified using 12 caprine reagents produced by absorption of alloimmune antisera. The caprine C blood group system, possibly homologous to the ovine C blood group system, was characterized by two reagents and shown to be controlled by three alleles,C ¹²,C ²⁵, andC ⁻. A more complex blood group system of goats, designated G, was identified using three reagents and shown to be controlled by six codominant alleles (G ^10.19.20,G ^10.19,G ^10.20,G ¹⁰,G ¹⁹,G ²⁰) and a recessive allele (G ⁻). A further seven one-factor two-allelic systems were identified by seven reagents. The nine genetic systems provided exclusion probabilities of 0.479, 0.492, 0.548, and 0.572 in Australian Angora, Dairy, Cashmere, and Texan Angora goat breeds, respectively. This work was supported by a grant from the Australian Stud Book, Alison Road, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia.