深圳塘朗山郊野公园的植物资源

广东深圳塘朗山郊野公园共有野生维管植物144科423属611种,分别占广东省维管植物280科1589属5737种的51.4%、26.7%和10.65%;其中蕨类省植物21科29属33种,裸子植物3科3属4种,被子植物120科391属574种,被子植物占绝对优势。国家重点保护野生植物共计7科7属7种,占广东省国家重点保护野生植物的10.9%;珍稀濒危植物有4科5属5种,占广东省珍稀濒危植物67种的7%。公园中经济植物可分为12类,分别是药用植物321种,用材树种65种,观赏植物60种,纤维植物41种,野生水果33种,油脂植物38种,饲料植物42种,鞣料植物42种,野菜植物25种,农药植物27种,芳香植物26种,淀粉植物23种,保健植物19种,染料植物13种,有毒植物10种,蜜源植物5种。     

浙江磐安种子植物区系的特征分析

磐安约有野生种子植物 1 44科 ,62 7属 ,1 2 98种 (包括种以下分类单位 )。其中世界成分的属 67个 ,占总属数的 1 0 .69% ,热带属 2 2 7个 ,占 36.2 0 % ,温带属 32 1个 ,占 5 1 .2 0 % ,中国特有属 1 2个 ,占 1 .91 %。磐安气候温暖湿润 ,植物种类丰富 ,古老、孑遗、珍稀植物多 ,单种属和少种属占有较大比重 ;优势科、优势属明显 ,优势科 34个 ,共含有 393属 ,776种 ,分别占总属数总种属的 62 .7% ,70 .3% ,优势属 1 0个 ,共含有 1 44种 ,分别占总属数总种数的 1 .6% ,1 1 .1 % ,其中樟科、壳斗科等是该区系的表征科 ;植物分布类型多样 ,地理成分复杂 ,温带成分和热带成分占优势 ,是亚热带分布的北缘 ,与世界各地有广泛的联系     

Proposed new realignments in the angiosperms

Our attempt at putatively phylogenetic classifications of Angiospermae, considering our vast ignorance of more than 120 million years of evolution of the class, must be very tentative and elastic to make full use of the new approaches and new data constantly being made available to us. Some of the realignments thus required in my system of classification are here explained. Among others, the Paeoniales are recognized and include Glaucidiaceae; various shifts of families are made within Thei–florae–Violiflorae–Malviflorae; Thymelaeaceae and Simmondsiaceae are transferred to Euphorbiales; Emblingiaceae, Gyrostemonaceae and Bataceae are added to Sapindineae; Fabineae, with Connaraceae, Surianaceae and Fabaceae, are transferred to Rutiflorae; Proteiflorae are placed near Rutiflorae, especially Fabineae; the largely Australasian–African Pittosporales are explained; Cornaceae are severely pruned; Haemodoraceae and Velloziaceae are transferred to Commelinales; Arecales, Cyclanthales and Pandanales are separated into unrelated superorders; and Typhiflorae are moved into closer proximity with Commeliniflorae.     

广西金钟山鸟类保护区鸟类多样性初步研究

本文共记录到金钟山鸟类274种,分别隶属于18目57科,其中陆生鸟类251种,水鸟23种;以留鸟为主,共157种;候鸟、旅鸟分别为104种、13种;东洋种为优势类群,共有171种,古北种和广布种分别为4种、27种。这些鸟类中有国家重点保护鸟类39种,中国特有种鸟类3种,列入世界自然保护联盟红皮书名录中的鸟类5种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书名录中的鸟类20种,列入CITES附录中的鸟类34种。本文还对金钟山鸟类保护区的5种不同生境类型的鸟类种类组成作了比较,结果表明灌丛＋农田的鸟种多样性指数最高,为3．04;水域的鸟种多样性指数最低,为2．14。     

潮汕地区农药植物资源初探

潮汕地区农药植物资源十分丰富。初步调查统计共有 88科 2 39种 ,其中蕨类植物 4种 ,裸子植物 6种 ,被子植物2 2 9种 ,这些农药植物均具有杀虫作用。本文对潮汕地区农药植物的研究和合理开发利用提出了若干建议     

江西木兰科植物的初步整理

通过野外采集及标本的整理鉴定, 确认江西产木兰科植物7 属22 种1 亚种, 其中3 种为江西特有种, 5 种为江西地理新分布。对各分类群进行了分类检索, 记载了其地理分布, 并列出凭证标本。     

Studies on the morphology of the gills and gill arches with reference to the blood supply in Notopterus motopterus and Colisa fasciatus.

The morphology of the gills, with their blood supply have been described in Notopterus notopterus and Colisa fasciatus in some detail. Gills are curved and perforated on the dorsolateral and ventrolateral wall of the pharynx. The gills consist of 2 rows of filaments which are stacked one above the other to form a space. The gill filaments are smaller on both the ends and larger in middle. The gill filaments are of pink colour as they are supplied with blood. Gill rakers are large in size in Notopterus notopterus while they are small in Colisa fasciatus. 3 pairs of basibranchials are present in Notopterus notopterus which are covered by median membranous bony plate while 2 basibranchials are present in Colisa fasciatus. 3 pairs of hypobranchials are present in both fishes. 5 pairs of ceratobranchials are present in which Vth ceratobranchial bears teeth. 4 pairs of epibranchials are present. 3 pairs of pharyngobranchials are present in which the tip of the IVth pharyngobranchial bears minute teeth in Notopterus notopterus while in Colisa fasciatus IInd and IIIrd pharyngobranchial bear minute ones. One afferent branchial vessel is present in Notopterus notopterus and Colisa fasciatus in each gill like in other teleostean fishes. One efferent branchial vessel is present in each gill of Notopterus notopterus while in Colisa fasciatus 2 efferent are represented in each gill.     

Revision of the Genera Thyca, Stilifer, Scalenostoma, Mucronalia and Echineulima (Mollusca, Prosobranchia, Eulimidae)

All species that have been described of the genera mentioned in the title are listed and their systematic position given. The species of Stilifer (with 11 species, including S. inflatus sp.n. and 5. concavus sp.n.) are parasites of starfishes. Scalenostoma (3 species) are parasites of stone corals. Thyca (with 8 species) is removed from Capulidae, and included in Eulimidae. T. hawaiiensis sp.n. is described. The species of Thyca are parasites of starfishes. The species of Mucronalia (including M. trilineata sp.n.) are probably parasites of ophiuroids and Echineulima (with 4–6 species, including E. ponderi sp.n.) are parasites of echinoids. All species are figured, their characteristics are given and their host species and distributions are listed. Keys are given to the species of each genus, except Mucronalia. The genera Stilimella Laseron and Hyperlia Pilsbry are synonymized with Scalenostoma and the genera Kiramodulus Kuroda, Granulithyca Habe and Bessomia Berry are considered subgenera of Thyca.     

Estimates of a Treatment Effect Based on Censored Data Rank Tests

Linear rank test statistics are applied to the problem of estimating a treatment effect if two sets of censored failure time data are compared and the distributions of the log-failure times of the two samples are assumed to differ only in location. Rank tests for this accelerated failure time model are reviewed and Hodges-Lehmann type estimates for the shift parameter are proposed. Properties of these estimates are investigated, computational aspects are discussed and an example is presented.     

昆明地区两栖动物多样性及保护研究

昆明地区共有21种两栖动物,隶2目8科12属。区系特点是：物种多样性很丰富,多于我国9个省区;东洋界种类有20种占绝对优势,没有古北界种类,古北东洋两界广布种仅1种;明显具西南区的特色有16种,特有种多,呈贡嵘螈及滇螈是昆明特有种,也是云南特有种,另有滇蛙等12种为中国特有种;模式产地为昆明的种类多,有7种;姬蛙科属种多,共3属4种。该文阐述了昆明为模式产地的种类现状,还提出了昆明地区两栖类的保护对策。     

Coding of visual objects in the ventral stream

How are objects represented in the brain? Two facets of this question are currently under investigation. First, are objects represented by activity in a relatively small number of neurons that are each selective for the shape or identity of a specific object (a 'sparse code'), or are they represented by a pattern of activity across a large number of less selective neurons (a 'population code')? Second, how are the neurons that code for an object distributed across the cortex: are they clustered together in patches, or are they scattered widely across the cortex? The results from neurophysiology and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies are beginning to provide preliminary answers to both questions.     

芜湖发电厂灰渣场植被状况

经实地考察发现,芜湖火力发电厂灰渣场自然定居的高等植物有30种,隶属于14个科29个属,主要包括菊科,禾本科和豆科,全部植物中,1,2年生草本植物18种,多年生草本植物9种,木本植物2种,影响植物分布的主要因素是灰渣的理化性质和灰渣场的自然改造程度。     

ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF MITOSIS IN AMEBAE : II. The Giant Ameba Pelomyxa carolinensis

Dividing nuclei from the giant ameba Pelomyxa carolinensis were fixed in osmium tetroxide solutions buffered with veronal acetate to pH 8.0. If divalent cations (0.002 M calcium, magnesium, or strontium as chlorides) were added to the fixation solution, fibrils that are 14 mµ in diameter and have a dense cortex are observed in the spindle. If the divalent ions were omitted, oriented particles of smaller size are present and fibrils are not obvious. The stages of mitosis were observed and spindle components compared. Fibrils fixed in the presence of calcium ions are not so well defined in early metaphase as later, but otherwise have the same diameter in the late metaphase, anaphase, and early telophase. Fibrils are surrounded by clouds of fine material except in early telophase, when they are formed into tight bundles lying in the cytoplasm unattached to nuclei. Metaphase and anaphase fibrils fixed without calcium ions are less well defined and are not observably different from each other. The observations are consistent with the concept that spindle fibrils are composed of polymerized, oriented protein molecules that are in equilibrium with and bathed in non-oriented molecules of the same protein. Partially formed spindle fibrils and ribosome-like particles were observed in the mixoplasm when the nuclear envelope had only small discontinuities. Remnants of the envelope are visible throughout division and are probably incorporated into the new envelope in the telophase. Ribosome-like particles are numerous in the metaphase and anaphase spindle but are not seen in the telophase nucleus, once the envelope is reestablished, or in the interphase nucleus.     

Practical evaluation of mutagenicity data in mammals for estimating human risk

Chromosomal aberrations are known to constitute a significant portion of the genetic risk from practically all mutagenic agenst. These effects are diverse in both nature and in the stae of the germ cells' life cycle at which they are produced. Arguments are made pointing out many of the problem areas in our understanding the significance of chromosomal aberrations in relations to genetic risk. Data are summarized that offer explanations as to (1) why so few chromosomal effects are recovered after treating spermatogonial stem cells, (2) how chromosome damage and dominant lethality are correlated when post-meiotic germ-cell stages are treated with MMS, and (3) why so few reciprocal translocations are recovered after irradiation of oocytes.     

The family Erinaceidae: a synthesis of its taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and zoogeography

All species and higher taxa of Recent Erinaceidae are diagnosed, the character-states most useful in classification are tabulated and the most probable phylogenies presented. Four African species are included in the genus Atelerix. The desert-adapted Paraechinus is believed to be more closely related to Atelerix than to the convergent Hemiechinus. The ranges of all species are mapped, with emphasis upon areas of parapatry and sympatry. Marginal localities are listed if they are not derived from previously published maps. All nominal fossil species that have been allocated to Recent genera are listed. Ecological data relevant to the interpretations of species boundaries, e.g. relating to diet and habitat, are summarized, and the factors likely to determine the species boundaries are reviewed.     

东北地区蒙古栎群落区系成分

根据吴征镒、王荷生区系分析方法, 分析了东北地区蒙古栎群落中２６１ 种维管植物的区系成分, 其中温带成分占４７－４７ ％ , 东亚成分占４２－０２ ％ , 中国特有成分占１０－５１ ％ （ 世界分布不统计在内） 。并分析了种所在属的分布区类型, 温带分布属占９０－３％ 。还分别分析了蒙古栎群落的乔木层、灌木层、草本层以及层间植物的区系成分。     

中国虫草属已知种类及其分布

对中国虫草属(Cordyceps(Fr．)Link)真菌进行了整理、修订,对有关分类学问题进行了简要讨论。文献记载我国该属有139个名称,分布于29个省区。其中,有效名称130个(包括125种、3变种和2变型),无效或不合格名称3种,错拼名称2种,存疑种4种,有无性型报道的种类38种,中国特有种46个。     

中国缩颜蚜蝇族种类记述及地理分布(双翅目:食蚜蝇科)

本文记述了我国双翅目食蚜蝇科缩颜蚜蝇族6属23种,其中有5新种2新纪录属13新纪录种,列出了属、种检索表,并对新种进行了形态描述,同时,对此族的地理分布、区系及起源进行了初步探讨。