慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3水平与肺功能及认知功能障碍的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清8-异前列腺素F2α（8-iso-PGF2α）、低氧诱导因子（HIF-1α）、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）、半胱氨酸天冬酶-3（caspase-3）水平与肺功能及认知功能障碍的关系。方法：选取2018年3月至2020年6月期间我院收治的62例COPD合并认知功能障碍患者（认知功能障碍组）,另选取50例COPD未合并认知功能障碍患者为对照组。比较两组血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3水平和肺功能、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评分,分析COPD合并认知功能障碍患者血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3与肺功能、MoCA评分的相关性。结果：认知功能障碍组血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）,认知功能障碍组第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、FEV₁与用力肺活量比值（FEV₁/FVC）、 FEV₁占预计值百分数(FEV₁%pred)、MoCA评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关分析结果显示COPD合并认知功能障碍患者血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3水平与FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC、FEV₁%pred、MoCA评分均呈负相关（P＜0.05）。结论：COPD合并认知功能障碍患者血清8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3水平较COPD未合并认知功能障碍患者明显升高,8-iso-PGF2α、HIF-1α、NGAL、caspase-3升高与肺功能下降和认知功能受损均存在相关性,对COPD患者病情及认知功能障碍具有一定预测价值。     

不同FIGO分期子宫内膜癌患者外周血红细胞分布宽度、血清对氧磷酶-1表达水平差异及其诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨不同国际妇产科学联合会（FIGO）分期子宫内膜癌患者外周血红细胞分布宽度（RDW）、血清对氧磷酶-1（PON-1）表达水平差异及其诊断价值。方法：选取我院2018年1月到2020年1月收治的80例子宫内膜癌患者作为研究对象,根据FIGO分期对所有患者进行分组,分为Ⅰ期组23例,Ⅱ期组22例,Ⅲ期组18例,Ⅳ期组17例。另选取同期来我院体检的30名健康志愿者作为对照组,对比所有受检者RDW、PON-1表达水平,并应用ROC曲线分析外周血红细胞分布宽度、血清对氧磷酶-1表达水平对不同FIGO分期子宫内膜癌的诊断价值。对80例子宫内膜癌患者进行2年随访,将2年内死亡的25例患者分为死亡组,将其余55例患者分为存活组,对比死亡组与存活组临床一般情况与RDW、PON-1表达水平,并应用logistic回归分析分析RDW、PON-1对子宫内膜癌的预后预测价值。结果：五组受检者RDW、PON-1水平对比差异显著,Ⅳ期组RDW水平高于Ⅲ期组、Ⅱ期组、Ⅰ期组和对照组,Ⅳ期组PON-1水平低于Ⅲ期组、Ⅱ期组、Ⅰ期组和对照组（P＜0.05）;RDW结合PON-1联合诊断的准确度、敏感度、阳性预测值高于RDW单一诊断和PON-1单一诊断（P＜0.05）。RDW诊断子宫内膜癌不同分期价值曲线下面积为89.63,最佳诊断着色界限值为75.73 %,PON-1的曲线下面积为78.89,最佳诊断着色界限值为82.53 %,两者联合的曲线下面积为84.26,最佳诊断着色界限值为87.57 %;存活组与死亡组患者性别、年龄、病理类型对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患者FIGO分期、基层浸润、组织分化程度、血清RDW与PON-1表达水平对比差异显著（P＜0.05）;logistic回归分析结果表明：基层浸润、RDW与PON-1为子宫内膜癌患者预后的独立影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论：RDW、PON-1联合对子宫内膜癌FIGO分期的诊断价值较高,且基层浸润、RDW与PON-1为子宫内膜癌患者预后的独立影响因素。临床上需针对基层浸润、RDW升高与PON-1水平降低的患者采取相关措施,改善治疗方案,降低患者死亡率情况。     

宫颈癌患者高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及其与阴道微环境、氧化应激水平及Th1/Th2细胞因子的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨宫颈癌患者高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）感染与阴道微环境、氧化应激水平及辅助性T细胞（Th）1/Th2细胞因子的关系。方法：选择2016年1月至2021年12月石家庄市妇幼保健院收治的201例宫颈癌患者,根据是否发生HR-HPV感染将患者分为HR-HPV组（84例）和非HR-HPV组（117例）,另选择171例体检健康妇女为对照组。检测受试者阴道微环境（阴道清洁度、pH值、滴虫、霉菌、线索细胞和乳酸杆菌）,氧化应激指标[血清总氧化态（TOS）、总还原态（TAS）、氧化应激指数（OSI）]、Th1/Th2细胞因子[白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）]水平,比较上述指标的差异。结果：201例宫颈癌患者,HR-HPV 感染84例,发生率为 41.79%。HR-HPV组和非HR-HPV组阴道清洁度异常、pH值异常、滴虫阳性、霉菌阳性、线索细胞阳性检出率高于对照组（P＜0.05）,乳酸杆菌阳性检出率低于对照组（P＜0.05）;HR-HPV组阴道清洁度异常、pH值异常检出率高于非HR-HPV组（P＜0.05）,乳酸杆菌阳性检出率低于非HR-HPV组（P＜0.05）。HR-HPV组血清TOS、OSI、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10水平高于对照组、非HR-HPV组（P＜0.05）,血清TAS、IL-2、TNF-α、IFN-γ低于对照组、非HR-HPV组（P＜0.05）。结论：宫颈癌患者存在较高的HR-HPV感染风险,HR-HPV感染可引起宫颈癌患者阴道微环境改变、氧化应激损伤以及Th1/Th2细胞因子紊乱,检测HR-HPV有助于评估宫颈癌患者阴道微生态和病情进展。     

单吸入器三联疗法联合肺早期康复运动训练治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床研究

摘要 目的：探讨单吸入器三联疗法联合肺早期康复运动训练治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的临床研究。方法：根据随机数字表法，将汕头大学医学院第二附属医院2022年7月-2023年1月间收治的84例中重度COPD患者分为对照组（42例，单吸入器三联疗法治疗）和实验组（42例，对照组的基础上接受肺早期康复运动训练治疗）。观察并对比两组的肺功能指标[用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、FEV₁/FVC]、血气分析指标[血氧饱和度（SaO₂）、动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）]、6分钟步行距离（6MWD）、COPD评估测试（CAT）评分、治疗期间急性加重频率、血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）]。结果：治疗后，实验组FEV₁、FVC、FEV₁/FVC高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，实验组PaCO₂低于对照组，PaO₂、SaO₂高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，实验组6MWD高于对照组，CAT评分、治疗期间急性加重频率低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，实验组血清TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：单吸入器三联疗法联合肺早期康复运动训练治疗中重度COPD患者，可增强运动耐力，提高生活活动能力，减少治疗期间疾病急性加重频率，同时还可改善血气分析和肺功能指标，降低血清炎症因子水平。     

清宫止带汤联合利普刀治疗中重度宫颈糜烂湿热下注证的临床研究

摘要 目的：探讨清宫止带汤联合利普刀治疗中重度宫颈糜烂湿热下注证的疗效以及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1（IL-1）以及白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平的影响,以期为中重度宫颈糜烂的治疗提供可借鉴临床方案。方法：纳入2020年5月至2022年5月于山东省立第三医院收治的宫颈糜烂患者120例,根据随机数字表法分入对照组与观察组,各60例。对照组患者单纯行利普刀及术后常规治疗;观察组在对照组基础上加服清宫止带汤,两组连续观察14d。比较两组临床疗效,症状改善时间,药物不良反应发生情况及血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6水平。结果：观察组的总有效率（98.33％）较对照组（86.67％）显著增加（P＜0.05）。观察组的阴道出血及阴道排液持续时间较对照组显著降低（P＜0.01）。观察组的不良反应率（1.67%）较对照组（15.00%）显著降低（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6水平显著降低,但观察组降低更显著（P＜0.01）。结论：清宫止带汤联合利普刀治疗中重度宫颈糜烂湿热下注证的疗效确切,患者症状改善时间缩短、炎症反应降低,且安全性更好,值得临床应用与借鉴。     

右美托咪啶通过抑制NADPH氧化酶2缓解氧化应激小鼠模型神经元的毒性和认知障碍的机制

摘要 目的：探讨右美托咪啶通过抑制NADPH氧化酶2缓解氧化应激小鼠模型神经元的毒性和认知障碍的机制。方法：10只野生型以及20只Sod1KO雄性BALB/c小鼠,12月龄,根据实验目的分为3组：对照组（野生型小鼠）,模型组（氧化应激小鼠模型）和DEX组（氧化应激小鼠模型+50 μg/kg DEX治疗）,每组10只。通过MWM 测试检测小鼠的空间学习和记忆能力。通过免疫染色检测海马中Neu-N+细胞数和PSD-95表达水平。通过蛋白质印迹检测海马中Neu-N、PSD-95、TH、总α-突触核蛋白和Ser129-磷酸化α-突触核蛋白表达水平。通过ROS、MDA和SOD检测试剂盒分别检测ROS、MDA和SOD水平。通过 ELISA试剂盒检测NOX2水平。通过RT-qPCR检测IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平。结果：对照小鼠表现出正常的空间学习功能,与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠逃避潜伏期和游泳距离增加（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够降低模型组小鼠逃避潜伏期和游泳距离（P<0.05）。三组小鼠平均游泳速度没有统计性差异（P>0.05）。与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠小鼠海马中Neu-N+细胞数和PSD-95表达水平降低（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够增加小鼠海马中Neu-N+细胞数和PSD-95表达水平（P<0.05）。与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠小鼠海马中Neu-N、PSD-95和TH蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.05）,总α-突触核蛋白和Ser129-磷酸化α-突触核蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够增加小鼠海马中Neu-N、PSD-95和TH蛋白表达水平（P<0.05）,降低总α-突触核蛋白和Ser129-磷酸化α-突触核蛋白表达水平（P<0.05）。与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠ROS和MDA水平增加,SOD水平降低（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够降低ROS和MDA水平,增加SOD水平（P<0.05）。与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠NOX2水平增加（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够降低NOX2水平（P<0.05）。与对照组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平增加（P<0.05）,而DEX治疗能够降低IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平（P<0.05）。结论：DEX对NOX2的抑制可通过抑制小鼠模型中的氧化应激和神经炎症来阻断学习和记忆障碍以及海马神经变性。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者血清CTRP-4、CTRP-6、CTRP-9与肺功能和炎症因子的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）患者血清补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白4（CTRP-4）、CTRP-6、CTRP-9与肺功能和炎症因子的相关性。方法：选取2020年1月～2022年1月我院收治的117例AECOPD患者为AECOPD组,72例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期（SCOPD）患者为SCOPD组,另选取同期58例体检健康者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CTRP-4、CTRP-6、CTRP-9水平,通过Pearson/Spearman相关性分析老年AECOPD患者血清CTRP-4、CTRP-6、CTRP-9与肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV₁％）、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）]和炎症因子[白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）]的相关性。结果：对照组、SCOPD组、AECOPD组血清CTRP-4水平依次升高,CTRP-6、CTRP-9水平依次降低（P＜0.05）。老年AECOPD患者血清CTRP-4水平与FEV₁％、FEV₁/FVC呈负相关,与血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）;CTRP-6、CTRP-9水平与FEV₁％、FEV₁/FVC呈正相关,与血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈负相关（P＜0.05）。结论：血清CTRP-4水平升高和CTRP-6、CTRP-9水平降低与老年AECOPD患者肺功能降低和炎症反应有关,可能成为老年AECOPD防治的潜在靶点。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平与性激素、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者血清缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA）、缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF1α）、内脏脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（Vaspin）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平与性激素、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法：选择2017年1月至2019年12月我院收治的268例PCOS患者（PCOS组）,根据体质量指数（BMI）将PCOS患者分为超重/肥胖组（BMI≥24 kg/m²,161例）和正常体重组（18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24 kg/m²,107例）,另选择135例于妇科门诊体检的健康女性志愿者为对照组。检测血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平以及性激素、糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗指标,Pearson相关性分析其相关性。结果：PCOS组血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1、睾酮（T）、促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素（FSH）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2小时血糖（2hPG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）均高于对照组（P＜0.001）。PCOS患者超重/肥胖组血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1、T、TC、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、2hPG水平,HOMA-IR均高于正常体重组（P＜0.001）。PCOS患者血清IMA、HIF1α水平与T、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.05）,血清Vaspin、IGF-1水平与TC、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、2hPG 、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：PCOS患者血清IMA、HIF-1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平均升高,IMA、HIF-1α、Vaspin、IGF-1均与PCOS胰岛素抵抗有关。     

中药灌肠对宫颈癌急性放射性直肠炎患者临床疗效及血清IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨中药灌肠对宫颈癌急性放射性直肠炎（ARP）患者临床疗效及血清白介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-8（IL-8）水平的影响。方法：选取2021年3月-2023年3月期间在邵阳市中心医院收治行放疗的宫颈癌ARP患者180例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组（常规治疗,n=90）和B组（A组的基础上接受中药灌肠,n=90）。观察两组临床疗效、放射损伤疗效、中医证候积分和IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平变化情况,并对比不同放射性直肠炎分级患者的血清IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平。结果：B组的临床总有效率高于A组（P<0.05）。两组治疗后黏液血便、腹痛、里急后重、稀便或便秘、肛门灼痛坠痛、口干口苦、尿赤等证候积分下降,且B组低于A组（P<0.05）。B组的放射损伤总有效率高于A组（P<0.05）。放射性直肠炎分级III级、Ⅱ级血清IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平高于I级,且III级高于Ⅱ级（P<0.05）。两组治疗后血清IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平下降,且B组低于A组（P<0.05）。结论：中药灌肠治疗宫颈癌ARP患者,可提高临床疗效,改善临床症状,可能与改善血清IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平有关。     

血清Visfatin、PRDX1水平与克罗恩病患者活动度指标和肠道菌群的相关性分析

摘要 目的：分析血清内脂素（Visfatin）、过氧化物还原蛋白1（PRDX1）水平与克罗恩病（CD）患者活动度指标和肠道菌群的相关性。方法：选取2019年4月~2022年12月期间联勤保障部队第九一〇医院收治的146例CD患者，根据简化克罗恩病疾病活动指数（CDAI）将所有CD患者分为中重度活动组（n=36）、轻度活动组（n=49）、缓解期组（n=61）。对比三组血清Visfatin、PRDX1、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平、血沉（ESR）、肠道菌群数量。采用Pearson相关性分析血清Visfatin、PRDX1与 CDAI、 CRP、ESR和肠道菌群数量的相关性。结果：中重度活动组、轻度活动组的血清Visfatin、PRDX1水平高于缓解期组，且中重度活动组血清Visfatin、PRDX1水平高于轻度活动组（P<0.05）。中重度活动组、轻度活动组的CRP、ESR高于缓解期组，且中重度活动组CRP、ESR高于轻度活动组（P<0.05）。中重度活动组、轻度活动组的肠球菌、大肠杆菌高于缓解期组，且中重度活动组的肠球菌、大肠杆菌高于轻度活动组（P<0.05），中重度活动组、轻度活动组的双歧杆菌、类杆菌低于缓解期组，且中重度活动组的双歧杆菌、类杆菌低于轻度活动组（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示，血清Visfatin、PRDX1、 CRP水平与 肠球菌、大肠杆菌菌群数量、CDAI、ESR呈正相关，而与双歧杆菌、类杆菌菌群数量呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论：CD患者的血清Visfatin、PRDX1升高，可导致疾病进展，肠道菌群紊乱加重。     

Serology and systematics of the Ebenales and the Theales

The systematic position ofthe Ebenaceae, Sapotaceae, Styracaceae, Ochnaceae, Stachyuraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae has been investigated using serological comparisons of sets of antigenic determinants. The results show that the Sytracaceae and Sapotaceae are undoubtedly more closely associated with the Actinidiaeceae and Theaceae, respectively, than with each other. We found no corresponding determinants betnween antigen systems from the Ebenaceae and systems from any other family whose relations to this family have been proposed. As discovered previously, investigations of antigen systems from the Ochnaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Stachyuraceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae are against the idea of a natural order “Theales” in which these families, or at least some of them, are combined with the Theaceae and Actinidiaceae. This paper completes our previous investigations which largely support a superorder Ericanae sensu Ehrendorfer and Takhtajan. We propose to include the Actinidiaceae and Theaceae in this superorder, assigning them a central position laong with the Sapotaceae and Sytracaeae on one side and the Primulales and Ericales on the other. Another most interesting finding is that there are corresponding determinants between antigen systems from the members of the Ericanae and representatives of the Polemoniaceae and Loasaceae.     

The Choroid Plexuses and the Barriers Between the Blood and the Cerebrospinal Fluid

1. The fluid homeostasis of the brain depends both on the endothelial blood–brain barrier and on the epithelial blood–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier located at the choroid plexuses and the outer arachnoid membrane.2. The brain has two fluid environments: the brain interstitial fluid, which surrounds the neurons and glia, and the CSF, which fills the ventricles and external surfaces of the central nervous system.3. CSF acts as a fluid cushion for the brain and as a drainage route for the waste products of cerebral metabolism.4. Recent findings suggest that CSF may also act as a third circulation conveying substances secreted into the CSF rapidly to many brain regions.     

Epigenetics and aging: the targets and the marks

'Aging epigenetics' is an emerging field that promises exciting revelations in the near future. Here we focus on the functional and biological significance of the epigenetic alterations that accumulate during aging and are important in tumorigenesis. Paradigmatic examples are provided by the global loss of DNA methylation in aging and cancer and by the promoter hypermethylation of genes with a dual role in tumor suppression and progeria, such as the Werner syndrome (WRN) and lamin A/C genes. Another twist is provided by sirtuins, a family of NAD-dependent deacetylases that act on Lys16 of histone H4, which are emerging as a link between cellular transformation and lifespan.     

Biophysics and Structure of the Patch and the Gigaseal

Interpreting channel behavior in patches requires an understanding of patch structure and dynamics, especially in studies of mechanosensitive channels. High resolution optical studies show that patch formation occurs via blebbing that disrupts normal membrane structure and redistributes in situ components including ion channels. There is a 1-2 μm region of the seal below the patch where proteins are excluded and this may consist of extracted lipids that form the gigaseal. Patch domes often have complex geometries with inhomogeneous stresses due to the membrane-glass adhesion energy (E_a), cytoskeletal forces, and possible lipid subdomains. The resting tension in the patch dome ranges from 1-4 mN/m, a significant fraction of the lytic tension of a bilayer (∼10 mN/m). Thus, all patch experiments are conducted under substantial, and uneven, resting tension that may alter the kinetics of many channels. E_a seems dominated by van der Waals attraction overlaid with a normally repulsive Coulombic force. High ionic strength pipette saline increased E_a and, surprisingly, increased cytoskeletal rigidity in cell-attached patches. Low pH pipette saline also increased E_a and reduced the seal selectivity for cations, presumably by neutralizing the membrane surface charge. The seal is a negatively charged, cation selective, space with a resistance of ∼7 gigohm/μm in 100 mM KCl, and the high resistivity of the space may result from the presence of high viscosity glycoproteins. Patches creep up the pipette over time with voltage independent and voltage dependent components. Voltage-independent creep is expected from the capillary attraction of E_a and the flow of fresh lipids from the cell. Voltage-dependent creep seems to arise from electroosmosis in the seal. Neutralization of negative charges on the seal membrane with low pH decreased the creep rate and reversed the direction of creep at positive pipette potentials.     

The efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in the caesarean section and the effect on the vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in caesarean section and vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women.MethodsA total of 480 lying-in women who were admitted to this hospital for treatment between December 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled into this study as the subjects, which were divided into the experiment group and the control group, with 240 subjects in each group. In the experiment group, subjects received the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL ropivacaine (0.75%), while those in the control group also took the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL bupivacaine (0.75%). Thereafter, we observed the differences in the anesthetic efficiency, vital signs and hemodynamics of the lying-in women between two groups.ResultsThe excellent and good rates of the anesthesia in two groups were 92.1% and 87.9%, showing no obvious difference; in the experiment group, the average arterial pressures and systolic pressures at 5 min and 10 min after combined spinal and epidural analgesia (CSEA) were all elevated when comparing to the control group (all P < 0.05); in the experiment group, the onset time was obviously extended, while duration of sensory and motor block and the duration of motor block were all shorter than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). During anesthesia, the incidence rate of the adverse reactions in the control group was 2.50%, significantly higher than 0.83% in the experiment group (P < 0.05).ConclusionDespite that ropivacaine and bupivacaine are efficient in anesthesia in the CSEA in the caesarean section, ropivacaine is more recommended for little influence on the hemodynamics, shorter duration of sensory block and motor block and low incidence rate of adverse reactions, which are conducive to the recovery and also safe to the patients.     

On the structure and dynamics of the complex of the nucleosome and the linker histone

Several different models of the linker histone (LH)–nucleosome complex have been proposed, but none of them has unambiguously revealed the position and binding sites of the LH on the nucleosome. Using Brownian dynamics-based docking together with normal mode analysis of the nucleosome to account for the flexibility of two flanking 10 bp long linker DNAs (L-DNA), we identified binding modes of the H5-LH globular domain (GH5) to the nucleosome. For a wide range of nucleosomal conformations with the L-DNA ends less than 65 Å apart, one dominant binding mode was identified for GH5 and found to be consistent with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. GH5 binds asymmetrically with respect to the nucleosomal dyad axis, fitting between the nucleosomal DNA and one of the L-DNAs. For greater distances between L-DNA ends, docking of GH5 to the L-DNA that is more restrained and less open becomes favored. These results suggest a selection mechanism by which GH5 preferentially binds one of the L-DNAs and thereby affects DNA dynamics and accessibility and contributes to formation of a particular chromatin fiber structure. The two binding modes identified would, respectively, favor a tight zigzag chromatin structure or a loose solenoid chromatin fiber.     

Initiating and promoting the aquatic ecosystem health concept: the Society and the Journal

Since the 1970's the management of aquatic habitats has changed from piecemeal monitoring to the ecosystem approach; this was initiated in the North American Great Lakes, comprising social, economic, and environmental aspects. The information included in this paper is based on the presentation made at the Seminar On Ecosystem Approach To Water Management held in Oslo, Norway during 1991. Recently, the multidisciplinary, holistic, and integrated concept of ecosystem health has emerged, and is being advanced for the implementation of an ecosystem approach to environmental management, which has resulted in the formation of an international society (Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management Society) and the publication of a primary journal (Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health). The information has been updated to incorporate new developments and recent progress about the Society and the journal since the Oslo Seminar.