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植物细胞质雄性不育是一种广泛存在于高等植物中的母性遗传性状。细胞质雄性不育不仅为研究核质互作提供了良好材料,同时也是植物杂种优势利用的重要基础,其分子机理是目前研究的重点。多种研究证据表明,线粒体基因与细胞质雄性不育密切相关。随着分子生物学和分子遗传学的不断发展,许多植物的恢复基因已经被定位和克隆,进一步阐明了植物细胞质雄性不育和育性恢复的分子机理。本文综述了近几年植物中细胞质雄性不育和育性恢复相关基因的研究进展,并探讨了细胞质雄性不育/育性恢复系统在育种方面的应用。 相似文献
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利用杂种优势提高作物产量时, 生产杂交种的主要授粉控制系统是细胞质雄性不育及其恢复系统。在杂交品种的选育过程中, 优良恢复系选育至关重要。为了高效并准确地鉴定选择恢复材料, 同时更深入地研究恢复基因的作用机理, 近年来植物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因分子标记研究受到了广泛重视。本文综述了主要农作物水稻、油菜、小麦、棉花和玉米等细胞质雄性不育类型恢复基因的定位和分子标记研究进展, 并讨论了恢复基因的精确定位和分子标记鉴定在基因克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种中的意义和应用前景。 相似文献
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几种农作物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的定位和分子标记研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用杂种优势提高作物产量时,生产杂交种的主要授粉控制系统是细胞质雄性不育及其恢复系统。在杂交品种的选育过程中,优良恢复系选育至关重要。为了高效并准确地鉴定选择恢复材料,同时更深入地研究恢复基因的作用机理,近年来植物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因分子标记研究受到了广泛重视。本文综述了主要农作物水稻、油菜、小麦、棉花和玉米等细胞质雄性不育类型恢复基因的定位和分子标记研究进展,并讨论了恢复基因的精确定位和分子标记鉴定在基因克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种中的意义和应用前景。 相似文献
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细胞质雄性不育和恢复系统(CMS/Rf)在植物杂种优势利用中已被广泛应用。为阐明恢复基因在这一系统中的作用机理,众多研究者开展了恢复基因的定位和克隆研究。近年来,4个植物恢复基因的成功克隆有力地推动了这一研究领域的发展。本文综述了植物恢复基因的定位、克隆以及育性恢复分子机理的研究进展,并讨论了恢复基因在植物分子育种上的应用。 相似文献
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植物胞质雄性不育及育性恢复的分子机制研究进展(综述) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文从与雄性不育有关的线粒体基因引起雄性不育的机理、雄性不育育性恢复机制以及育性恢复基因的克隆等方面,介绍国内外对植物细胞质雄性不育分子机理的研究进展,并对今后的研究进行讨论。 相似文献
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植物雄性不育基因的研究进展 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本文概述了植物雄性核不育基因的分子标记及其定位,综述了植物细胞质雄性不育中不育系与保持系在叶绿体和线粒体基因组的结构、转录和翻译产物方面的差异以及和雄性不育之间的可能关系,以及恢复系中的恢复基因分子水平的研究现状;讨论了环境条件光周期和温度对雄性不育的影响在分子水平上的研究现状,指出了植物雄性不育基因研究方面存在的问题和解决贩思路。 相似文献
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植物雄性不育基因的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文概述了植物雄性核不育基因的分子标记及其定位,综述了植物细胞质雄性不育中不育系与保持系在叶绿体和线粒体基因组的结构、转录和翻译产物方面的差异以及和雄性不育之间的可能关系,以及恢复系中的恢复基因分子水平的研究现状;讨论了环境条件如光周期和温度对雄性不育的影响在分子水平上的研究现状,指出了植物雄性不育基因研究方面存在的问题和解决的思路。 相似文献
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In gynodioecious plant populations, sex determination often involves both cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) genes and specific nuclear genes that restore male function. How gynodioecy is maintained under the joint dynamics of CMS and restorer genes remains controversial. Although many theoretical models deal with interactions between CMS genes and restorer genes with sexual phenotypes and predict changes in their frequencies, it is difficult to observe the frequencies because no molecular markers have been established for either CMS or restorer genes in well-studied gynodioecious plants. This is the first report of the frequency of a CMS gene determined using a molecular marker in natural populations of a gynodioecious plant. Using a set of CMS gene-specific polymerase chain reaction primers, we compared female and CMS gene frequencies in 18 natural populations of Raphanus sativus. Female frequency was relatively low, ranging from 0 to 0.21. In contrast, the CMS gene frequency was highly variable among populations, ranging from 0 to 1. Estimated restorer gene frequency seemed less variable than observed CMS gene frequency, probably due to higher gene flow than in the CMS gene. Genetic drift may play a role in maintaining high variability of the CMS gene, although other possibilities are not excluded. 相似文献
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M. H. Jia S. He W. Vanhouten S. Mackenzie 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(1-2):205-210
Fertility restoration in cytoplasmic malesterile plants (CMS) by nuclear restorer genes is one of the few useful systems for studying nuclear-mitochondrial interactions in higher eukaryotes. In CMS bean there exist multiple independently identified nuclear genes that restore fertility. Two restorer genes (Fr and Fr 2) have been characterized previously. We have genetically characterized two additional restorer genes; both restorers are single genes that behave similarly to Fr 2. We compared the linkage relationship of all four independently identified restorer genes to understand the relationship among these loci further. All four genes map to the same linkage group. It was not possible to distinguish between the two newly identified restorer genes and Fr 2. We suggest that they may be allelic. 相似文献
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提升作物产量、抗逆性和品质的主要手段之一是利用杂种优势,其中细胞质雄性不育/恢复(CMS/Rf)系统是应用最广的雄性不育系统。研究细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复机理是“三系”法选育的重要分子遗传学基础。目前,各个作物已经创制了不同类型的不育系。随着分子技术、基因组学和测序技术的深入,大量育性恢复基因已被定位,且部分已被克隆和功能鉴定。针对主要作物中恢复基因的遗传模式,分子标记定位、克隆及CMS/Rf系统在杂交育种中的应用进行了系统总结。希望本文能为今后恢复系分子标记辅助选育,或利用转基因、基因编辑手段创制新恢复系提供思路。 相似文献
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Mapping of the Rf-3 nuclear fertility-restoring gene for WA cytoplasmic male sterility in rice using RAPD and RFLP markers 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
G. Zhang Y. Lu T. S. Bharaj S. S. Virmani N. Huang 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):27-33
The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) of wild-abortive (WA) cytoplasm has been widely used for breeding hybrid rice. Two restorer
genes for the CMS have been found by traditional genetic analysis. To tag the restorer genes we used a set of near-isogenic
lines (NILs) of Zhenshan 97 carrying different genotypes for fertility restoration from IR24, to perform RAPD analysis. From
the survey of 720 random primers, six RAPD markers were identified to be associated with Rf-3. Three of these OPK05-800, OPU10-1100 and OPW01-350, were mapped on chromosome 1. Two populations from the crosses between Zhenshan 97 A and a near-isogenic restorer line ZSR21 and between Zhenshan 97 A and
IR24 were used for mapping Rf-3. The three RAPD markers and three RFLP markers, RG532, RG140 and RG458, were found to be closely linked to Rf-3 in the two populations. The same location of Rf-3 was also found in a population from the cross of IR58025 A//IR36/IR58025 B. At the RG532 locus, different alleles were found between two CMS
lines, Zhenshan 97 A and IR58025 A, and between two restorer lines, IR24 and IR36. The use of these molecular markers closely
linked to Rf-3 in facilitating the development of hybrid rice is discussed.
Received: 3 January 1996 / Accepted: 17 May 1996 相似文献