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1.
Aneesh Kumar Nair Naik Dhiraj Dilip Pandit Sagar Subhash 《Journal of Plant Biology》2007,50(3):374-377
High-frequencyin vitro flowering is reported here fromin vitro regenerated shoots ofin vitro-raised seedlings of rare and endemicCeropegia lawii, Ceropegia maccannii, Ceropegia oculata, andCeropegia sahyadrica, as well as the widely distributedCeropegia bulbosa var.bulbosa andCeropegia hirsuta. In our first set of experiments, the MS medium contained 87 mM sucrose and was supplemented with varying concentrations of
BAP (4.4 to 26.6 μM). For the second set of trials, varying concentrations of sucrose (87 to 233 mM) were tested in MS media
containing a constant 4.4 p.M BAP. Sub-cultured apical as well as axillary buds flowered with similar frequencies after 30
d of incubation. For all six species, the highest percentage of flowering shoots was obtained with either 26.6 μM BAP or 175
mM sucrose. Although smaller in size, theirin vitro flowers were morphologically comparable within wVo-derived flowers. Variations among species were noted for the number of flower buds per shoot and the percentage of flower
formation. Because all six species showed similar responses in both experiments, we can suggest that this protocol is applicable
across the wide range ofCeropegia species. 相似文献
2.
A. Cousson 《Biologia Plantarum》2007,51(2):285-291
The present study investigated whether, depending on the abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, phospholipase C (PLC) would be
implicated within a Ca2+ mobilizing pathway that would regulate stomatal aperture under standard watering conditions. Among Al sensitive mutants the
als1-1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Columbia-4 ecotype) was selected for a pharmacological approach of stomatal closing in leaf epidermal peels
induced by 3, 20 or 30 μM ABA. Comparison with the wild type (WT) revealed that, exclusively in the als1-1 mutant, the stomatal response to 3 or 20 μM ABA was inhibited by about 40 %, whereas the stomatal response to 30 μM ABA
and the wilting response to drought were unaffected. In WT, the Ca2+ buffer EGTA and the PLC inhibitor, 1-[6-[[17β-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl]amino]hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (U73122),
specifically inhibited by about 70 and 40 %, respectively, the response to 3 or 20 μM ABA, while the Ca2+ buffer 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) inhibited by about 70 % the response to 3, 20 or 30 μM ABA. EGTA, BAPTA and U73122 did not inhibit
the part of the response to 3 or 20 μM ABA that was unaffected by the als1-1 mutation. Together, these results showed that ABA closes the stomata through two different Ca2+ mobilizing pathways. Since PLC could be indirectly deactivated in the als1-1 mutant, these results might suggest that, under sufficient water supply, PLC-mediated Ca2+ mobilization is needed for the regulation of stomatal aperture by endogenous ABA resting at concentrations below a drought-specific
threshold value. 相似文献
3.
A. Mimet V. Pellissier H. Quénol R. Aguejdad V. Dubreuil F. Rozé 《International journal of biometeorology》2009,53(3):287-298
The effect of towns on plant phenology, i.e. advancement of spring development compared with a rural environment, via the
urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, has been shown for many towns in many countries. This work combines experimental and observational
methodology to provide a better and deeper view of climatic habitat in an urban context with a view to understanding the relationship
between plant development and urban climate on the intra-urban scale (by taking into account town structure). A dense network
of 17 meteorological stations was set up in Rennes, France, enabling us to identify and quantify climatic changes associated
with the UHI. Meanwhile, phenological observations were made during early spring (March and April) in 2005 on Platanus acerifolia and Prunus cerasus to study the relationship between climatic and phenological data. The results show that there is both a climatic gradient
and a developmental gradient corresponding to the type of urbanisation in the town of Rennes. The town influences plant phenology
by reducing the diurnal temperature range and by increasing the minimum temperature as one approaches the town centre. The
influence of ground cover type (plants or buildings) on development is also shown. The developmental phases of preflowering
and flowering are influenced to differing extents by climatic variables. The period during which climatic variables are effective
before a given developmental phase varies considerably. The preflowering phases are best correlated with the mean of the minimum
air temperature for the 15-day period before the observation, whereas flowering appears to be more dependent on the mean of
the daily diurnal temperature range for the 8 days preceding the observation. 相似文献
4.
A. Cousson 《Biologia Plantarum》2008,52(3):493-501
Stomatal closing to abscisic acid (ABA) was studied in leaf epidermal peels of a dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible transgenic
line expressing the phospholipase C AtPLC1 antisense in the Columbia genetic background. In the absence of Dex, the Ca2+ buffer, ethylene glycol-bis(b-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and the phopholipase C inhibitor, 1-[6-{[17β-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl]amino}hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione
(U73122) specifically inhibited the response to 20 μM ABA, whereas the Ca2+ buffer, 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) inhibited the response to 20 or 30 μM ABA. Neither EGTA nor BAPTA increased the U73122 effect.
Applying 30 μM Dex specifically affected 20 μM ABA-induced stomatal closing through reducing its magnitude as well as suppressing
the EGTA, BAPTA and U73122 inhibitory effects. Neither Dex nor U73122 changed the specific inhibitory effects of both the
antagonist of cyclic ADP-ribose synthesis, nicotinamide and the GTP-binding protein (G protein) modulators, pGlu-Gln-D-Trp-Phe-D-Trp-D-Trp-Met-NH2 (GP Ant-2) and mas17 on 30 μM ABA-induced stomatal closing. When tested in combination, substituting nicotinamide for mas17,
but not for GP Ant-2, enhanced their inhibitory effect to an extent that BAPTA did not increase. These results supported that
AtPLC1 primarily mediates the Ca2+-dependent stomatal closing response to 20 μM ABA as much as 30 μM Dex did not affect 20 μM ABA-induced stomatal closing when
tested on the wild type Columbia-4 ecotype. Furthermore, the present study suggested that Ca2+ mobilization did not involve any dependency between AtPLC1 and a putative G protein-coupled ADP-ribosyl cyclase at the tested
ABA concentrations. 相似文献
5.
Guangying Ma Guogui Ning Wei Zhang Jing Zhan Haiyan Lv Manzhu Bao 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(3):573-581
FBP21 is one of the SOC1-like genes isolated from Petunia hybrida. Based on sequence analysis, FPB21 is suggested to have a role in promoting flowering. In this study, FBP21 was expressed in a tobacco host plant under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Our results showed that the transgene accelerated flowering, i.e. the transgenic plants flowered just 3 months
after germination, in comparison to the wild-type tobacco which flowered after 5 months. Plant morphology was also affected,
with the transgenic tobacco plants developing at least five robust lateral branches, while the control plants generally had
just three. Total leaf area was significantly reduced in the transgenic tobacco compared to wild-type tobacco. By contrast,
there was no significant difference between transgenic and control plants for the total number of flowers or fruits. Thus,
the flower or fruit yield expressed per unit leaf area was higher in transgenic tobacco than in wild-type plants. Semi-quantitative
RT-PCR analysis indicated that overexpression of FBP21 in tobacco resulted in the up-regulation of some flowering-related genes. The results of this study in tobacco indicate that
the Petunia FBP21 gene may permit the engineering of early-flowering and short-growth habits without compromising flower or fruit yields. 相似文献
6.
R. Ramirez-Malagon I. Aguilar-Ramirez A. Borodanenko L. Perez-Moreno J. L. Barrera-Guerra H. G. Nuñez-Palenius N. Ochoa-Alejo 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2007,43(6):660-665
Mammillaria species are the most numerous within Cactaceae family, and some of them are threatened with extinction as a result of human
activities. In this work, results of in vitro propagation are presented for ten Mammillaria species, testing 20 combinations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin. Best results on shoot formation were obtained
using kinetin at two levels: 27.9 and 46.5 μM. All IAA levels tested were able to induce de novo shoot formation in M. bocasana, M. densispina, M. hahniana, M. hutchisoniana, M. orcutii, M. pectinifera, M. perbella, M. picta, M. rhodantha, and M. zephyranthoides. Depending on the IAA level tested, four responding groups were observed concerning their highest shoot-formation number.
For all species, the highest average of shoot formation was achieved with 5.7:46.5 or 11.4:46.5 μM IAA/kinetin, yielding 4.8
and 4.7 shoots per explant, respectively, in 60 d. Rooting of regenerated shoots was achieved by leaving the explants in their
shoot-induction medium or transferring them to half-strength MS medium. Hardening of regenerated plants was successfully achieved
by planting them in peat moss substrate after a desiccation treatment at room temperature for 3 d. 相似文献
7.
J. Purkayastha T. Sugla A. Paul S. K. Solleti P. Mazumdar A. Basu A. Mohommad Z. Ahmed L. Sahoo 《Biologia Plantarum》2010,54(1):13-20
An efficient and reproducible in vitro plant regeneration system from shoot apices was developed in Jatropha curcas. Benzylaminopurine (BAP; 2.5 μM) was most effective in inducing an average of 6.2 shoots per shoot apex. Incorporation of
gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.5 μM) to basal medium was found essential for elongation of shoots. The BAP-habituated mother explants
continuously produced shoots during successive subculture without any loss of morphogenic potential. The shoots rooted efficiently
on half-strength MS medium. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized with more than 98 % success and the plants transferred
to soil:compost in nursery showed no sign of variation compared to the seed-grown plants. The whole process of culture initiation
to plant establishment was accomplished within 5–6 weeks. A genetic transformation system in J. curcas was established for the first time, using bombardment of particles coated with plasmid pBI426 with a GUS-NPT II fusion protein
under the control of a double 35S cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) promoter. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in J. curcas shoot apices was significantly affected by the gold particle size, bombardment pressure, target distance, macrocarrier travel
distance, number of bombardments, and type and duration of osmotic pre-treatment. The proliferating bombarded shoot apices
were screened on medium supplemented with 25 mg dm−3 kanamycin and surviving shoots were rooted on medium devoid of kanamycin. The integration of the transgene into genomic DNA
of transgenic plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. The transgenic plants showed insertion of single
to multiple copies of the transgene. 相似文献
8.
The effect of different cadmium concentrations (6–120 μM) on Hill reaction activity (HRA) of isolated chloroplasts, contents
of chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids (Cars), and Cd uptake and accumulation in plant organs of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) and mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] were determined. The Cd stress inhibited photochemical activity of isolated chloroplasts of both species and
in both tested developmental stages. On the basis of EC50 values, the mung bean showed a higher sensitivity to Cd treatment than Indian mustard. The higher sensitivity of both species
was determined in the earlier than in the older developmental stage. The leaves of Cd-treated plants possessed lower contents
of Chls and Cars in both species and the negative effect increased with Cd concentration. A difference between species was
also found in Cd uptake and accumulation. In both species, Cd was accumulated more in roots than in shoots, with higher accumulation
in Indian mustard than in mung bean. 相似文献
9.
Zoran Maksimović Marina Milenković Dragana Vučićević Mihailo Ristić 《Central European Journal of Biology》2008,3(2):149-154
This paper presents the results of a study on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil from Vojvodina province (north of Serbia). The investigated oil was hydrodistilled from a flowering plant
and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty-three constituents were identified (>97% of total oil), with geranial (41.42%, w/w) and
neral (29.61%, w/w) as the most prominent. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and
broth microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Candida albicans. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all tested strains. The maximum activity of
T. Pannonicus oil was observed against E. coli, S. aureus and both tested strains of C. Albicans (MIC = 50 μ/ml, each). Moderate activity was observed against P. aeruginosa and one of the tested strains of K. Pneumoniae (MIC = 200 μ/ml), while E. faecalis and the other strain of K. Pneumoniae expressed a higher degree of resistance (MIC > 200 μ/ml). This study confirms that essential oil of T. pannonicus possesses remarkable in vitro antimicrobial activity against several medicinally important pathogens. This is attributable to lemon-scented citral, a mixture
of geranial and neral, which has well-documented antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and fungi. 相似文献
10.
Pengshan Zhao Fei Liu Miao Ma Jiao Gong Qiujun Wang Pengfei Jia Guochang Zheng Heng Liu 《Molecular Biology》2011,45(5):785-796
Previous studies have shown that the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) group 3 proteins significantly respond to changes in
environmental conditions. However, reports that demonstrate their biological role, especially in Arabidopsis, are notably limited. This study examines the functional roles of the Arabidopsis LEA group 3 proteins AtLEA3-3 and AtLEA3-4 in abiotic stress and ABA treatments. Expression of AtLEA3-3 and AtLEA3-4 is upregulated by ABA, high salinity, and osmotic stress. Results on the ectopic expression of AtLEA3-3 and AtLEA3-4 in E. coli suggest that both proteins play important roles in resistance to cold stress. Overexpression of AtLEA3-3 in Arabidopsis (AtLEA3-3-OE) confers salt and osmotic stress tolerance that is characterized during germination and early seedling establishment. However,
AtLEA3-3-OE lines show sensitivity to ABA treatment during early seedling development. These results suggest that accumulation of AtLEA3-3 mRNA and/or proteins may help heterologous ABA reinitiate second dormancy during seedling establishment. Analysis of yellow
fluorescent fusion proteins localization shows that AtLEA3-3 and AtLEA3-4 are mainly distributed in the ER and that AtLEA3-3 also localizes in the nucleus, and in response to salt, mannitol, cold, or BFA treatments, the localization of AtLEA3-3 and AtLEA3-4 is altered and becomes more condensed. Protein translocalization may be a positive and effective strategy for responding
to abiotic stresses. Taken together, these results suggest that AtLEA3-3 has an important function during seed germination and seedling development of Arabidopsis under abiotic stress conditions. 相似文献
11.
Sheng-Hui Xue Xin-Juan Luo Zhen-Hua Wu Hui-Li Zhang Xin-Yu Wang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,92(3):251-260
To explore the possibility of an effectively long-term preservation of the germplasm of the HR lines of medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus, Gentiana macrophylla Pall., and Eruca sativa Mill., both cold storage and cryopreservation approaches were attempted and compared. After 5-month cold storage on half
strength Murashige and Skoog (1962) (1/2 MS) agar medium (AM), up to 82.9, 75.7, and 100% of the A. membranaceus, G. macrophylla and E. sativa hairy roots (HRs) recovered growth, respectively. The survival rates of A. membranaceus and G. macrophylla HRs significantly decreased, whereas that of E. sativa HR was unchanged with the addition of increased levels of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) during cold storage. Using the encapsulation–vitrification
(EV) method for cryopreservation, the G. macrophylla HRs died, whereas up to 6 and 73% of the A. membranaceus and E. sativa HRs survived, respectively. The HR lines evaluated with both methods showed no significant differences in morphology and
growth rate compared with controls that were not subjected to preservation methods. These results suggest that cold storage
is a more suitable alternative for the HR lines of the three studied plant species and that specificity of plant species have
profound effects on the effectiveness of preservation. 相似文献
12.
In the present study, in vitro regeneration system for a recalcitrant woody tree legume, Leucaena leucocephala (cvs. K-8, K-29, K-68 and K-850) from mature tree derived nodal explants as well as seedling derived cotyledonary node explants
was developed. Best shoot initiation and elongation was found on full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 100 mg dm−3 glutamine, 20.9 μM N
6-benzylamino-purine (BAP) and 5.37 μM 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Rooting was induced in half-strength MS medium containing
2 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 14.76 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.23 μM kinetin. The cultivar K-29 gave the best response under in vitro conditions. Rooted plantlets were subjected to hardening and successfully transferred to greenhouse. Further, somatic embryogenesis
from nodal explants of cv. K-29 via an intermittent callus phase was also established. Pronounced callusing was observed on full-strength MS medium containing
3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 40.28 μM NAA and 12.24 μM BAP. These calli were transferred to induction medium and maximum number of globular
shaped somatic embryos was achieved in full-strength MS medium fortified with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 15.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 5.0 μM BAP and 1.0 mM proline. Moreover, an increase in endogenous
proline content up to 28th day of culture in induction medium was observed. These globular shaped somatic embryos matured in full-strength MS medium
with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 10.0 μM BAP, 2.5 to 5.0 μM IBA and 0.5 mM spermidine. 相似文献
13.
14.
Embryogenesis and plant regeneration was achieved from callus cultures derived from unpollinated ovaries of Psoralea corylifolia L. Callus was initiated from unpollinated ovaries on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 μM N
6-benzyladenine (BA) and various concentrations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA (2.7 to 10.7 μM) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D (2.3 to 9 μM) alone or in combination. Highly organized embryogenic callus induction, embryo development, proliferation
and maturation were achieved on transfer of callus clumps to MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.27 μM) or 2,4-D (0.23 μM)
alone or in combination with BA (2.2 to 8.8 μM). Addition of abscisic acid (ABA) (0.95 to 5.8 μM) to the medium enhanced average
numbers of cotyledonary stage embryos, the maximum number (34.6 ± 0.7) being obtained on MS medium containing 0.27 μM NAA,
2.2 μM BA and 3.8 μM ABA. Embryos germinated on MS medium supplemented with BA (0 to 8.8 μM). MS medium containing gibberellic
acid (GA3 (0.29 to 5.8 μM) enhanced embryo germination frequency, the highest frequency (66.7 %) occurring on MS medium containing
2.2 μM BA and 4.3 μM GA3. Effect of several concentrations (3.0 to 6.0 %) of sucrose or maltose was also observed on germination of embryos. MS medium
enriched with maltose supported high frequency of embryo germination. 相似文献
15.
T. O. Yastreb Yu. E. Kolupaev A. A. Lugovaya A. P. Dmitriev 《Cytology and Genetics》2017,51(5):325-330
16.
L. Yang C. L. Yu F. Shi Y. Q. Wei C. C. Wang H. T. Hu C. G. Cheng 《Plant Growth Regulation》2007,51(2):177-184
Cynanchum komarovii is well adapted to hot and dry adverse environments. To determine if exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) affects the growth and
dehydration tolerance of this wild plant, ABA was added into the hydroponic solution at a final concentration of 10 μM for
14 days. Root growth is less inhibited than shoot growth under well-watered condition by ABA treatment. ABA reduced the drying
rate of seedlings, indicating the acquisition of increased dehydration tolerance. Increased dehydration tolerance is associated
with osmotic adjustment and with accumulation of soluble sugars and dehydrins. Results from immunological detection showed
that a band of dehydrins with molecular mass of 28.3 kDa appeared in ABA-treated fresh seedlings, which coincided with that
in nontreated seedling dessicated for 4 h in 75% relative humidity. The increased ratio of higher to lower amide I bands in
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the proportion of unordered structures in proteins was higher
after ABA treatment. We concluded that exogenous ABA improved dehydration tolerance of C. komarovii seedlings. 相似文献
17.
Cut-leaved teasel is an invasive weed in Missouri that reduces the diversification of native species along roadsides and impairs
traffic visibility. Teasel is a biennial and grows as a rosette in the first year and flowers the second year. Reproduction
is only by seed. Field studies were conducted in 2004 and 2005 at two locations to assess the seed production of cut-leaved
teasel. From a natural stand, fifteen plants were tagged at the onset of flowering. Selected plants included those considered
growing in a group and those growing alone; a plant was considered alone when no other plant was adjacent for at least 60
cm. Whenever a seedhead completed flowering, it was covered with a cellophane bag and harvested one month later. Linear regression
was used to correlate the weight of seeds from a single seedhead and number of seeds to estimate the total seed production
per seedhead. The number of seedheads per plant varied from 3 to 56. On average, plants growing alone had 64% more seedheads
per plant than plants occurring in a group. Seed numbers in the primary seedhead ranged from 511 to 1,487. Total seed production
per plant ranged from 1,309 to 33,527. Seed production was 61% greater for plants growing alone versus those growing in a
group and was more prolific in 2005 than in 2004. In addition, seed production per plant varied between locations for plants
growing alone, but seed yield per plant was similar for plants growing in groups. Colonization of teasel in new areas is facilitated
by higher seedhead numbers per plant and total seed production compared to reproduction of plants in areas of intraspecific
competition. 相似文献
18.
Kottackal Poulose Martin A. K. Pradeep Joseph Madassery 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(4):1141-1148
Trichopus zeylanicus subsp. travancoricus (known as Arogyapacha), an endangered ethnomedicinal plant of the Western Ghats of South India, serves as the major source
of the commercial drug Jeevani. The present study established a long-term high frequency in vitro propagation protocol for Arogyapacha. Callus obtained from
the branch–petiole explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 4.5 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid upon subculture
to medium with different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) either alone or in combination with an auxin favoured shoot
morphogenesis. Medium with 13.3 μM BA alone facilitated high frequency shoot bud (mean of 93.2) formation. Medium with lower
concentrations of BA (4.4, 6.6 and 8.8 μM) alone or in combination with lower concentration of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)
or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) favoured better shoot growth than 13.3 μM BA containing medium, but with reduced number of
shoot buds. Subsequent cultures on medium with lower concentrations of BA and also on MS basal media facilitated shoot formation
as well as growth of shoots. The shoot regeneration potential showed no decline up to 5 years. Culture of the in vitro-derived
whole branch–leaf explants on MS basal medium developed shoots directly from the node. On medium with 19.6 μM IBA, the whole
branch–leaf explants induced nodular callus from the node, which developed shoots later. Subsequent cultures on medium with
BA exhibited high frequency shoot formation. The transfer of shoots after 10–15 days culture on half-strength MS medium containing
2.7 μM NAA to half-strength basal medium induced a mean of 11.3 roots. Field survival of plantlets relied on the soil mix:
a 1:4 ratio of sand and red-soil exhibited the highest plantlets survival (86.6%). RAPD profile of the source plant and plants
regenerated from calli after 4 years showed no polymorphism. The established plantlets with morpho-floral features similar
to that of the source plants flowered normally and set fruits. 相似文献
19.
We study apical dominance in Alstroemeria, a plant with an architecture very different from the model species used in research on apical dominance. The standard explant
was a rhizome with a tip and two vertically growing shoots from which the larger part had been excised leaving ca. 1 cm stem. The axillary buds that resumed growth were located at this 1-cm stem just above the rhizome. They were released
by removal of the rhizome tip and the shoot tips. Replacement of excised tips by lanolin with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)
restored apical dominance. The auxin transport inhibitors 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and N-1-napthylphthalamic acid (NPA) reduced apical dominance. 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) enhanced axillary bud outgrowth but the
highest concentrations (> 9 μM) caused fasciation. Thidiazuron (TDZ) did not show improvement relative to BAP. Even though
the architecture of Alstroemeria and the model species are very different, their hormonal mechanisms in apical dominance are for the greater part very similar. 相似文献
20.
The role of cytokinins in the promotion of flowering in the endangered species Kniphofia leucocephala Baijnath. was investigated using shoots maintained in culture for 3 years. The highest percentage flowering (65%) was obtained on media containing 20 μM benzyladenine (BA). The inclusion of isopentenyladenine and zeatin in the media also resulted in flowering, but these treatments were less effective than BA in inducing flowering. The effect of cytokinins on flowering was dose-dependent, with high concentrations of BA inhibiting flower formation. Treatments that resulted in rooting of explants produced no flowers. The resulting inflorescences in all treatments did not mature and senesced prematurely, even when gibberellic acid (GA3) was applied post-flower-emergence. 相似文献