毛脉酸模根中一新的色原酮苷类化合物

从毛脉酸模根(Rumex gmelini Turcz.)75%乙醇提取物中分离得到1个新色原酮苷和5个已知化合物,应用波谱学方法及文献对照分别鉴定为2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (1),nepodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2),10-hydroxyaloin A (3),10-hydroxyaloin B (4),5-methoxyl-1(3H)-benzofuranone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5),phenylethyl-O-α-L-arabinopyranosy-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). 其中化合物1为新化合物,3～6首次从酸模属中分离得到,化合物2首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Scirpusin A和scirpusin B体外抗人类免疫缺陷病毒1型的作用

Scirpusin A和scirpusin B是从药用植物中发现的2种天然茋类二聚体,具有一定的抗病毒效应。本研究利用人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)包膜和水疱性口炎病毒G蛋白(VSV-G)包膜的HIV假病毒及实验室适应株HIV-1ⅢB,在体外评价2种药物的抗病毒效果并初步探讨其作用机制。研究发现,scirpusin A和scirpusin B不仅能在体外有效抑制HIV假病毒感染TZM-bl细胞(一种HIV-1易感细胞),还能抑制实验室适应株HIV-1ⅢB。Scirpusin B的作用优于scirpusin A。对实验室适应株HIV-1ⅢB,scirpusin B的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为1.33μmol/L,scirpusin A的IC50为4.77μmol/L。此外,scirpusin A和scirpusin B还能抑制VSV-G包膜假病毒,提示其作用可能与病毒在细胞内的复制过程相关。Scirpusin A在病毒进入细胞后仍可发挥抑制作用,但具体机制尚待深入研究。     

穿鞘菝葜的化学成分

从穿鞘菝葜(Smilax perfoliata Lour.)的95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到6个化合物,其中有一个新化合物smilglaside F(1).经过核磁共振、质谱、红外光谱及化学手段鉴定了它们的结构.5个已知化合物分别是:芦丁(2)、3′-甲醚芦丁(3)、cassiamin A(4)、cassiamin B(5)和1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6).其中化合物2、4～6是首次从该属植物分离得到.     

大苞藤黄化学成分研究及其互变异构体超高效液相色谱质谱联用分析

从大苞藤黄枝叶的混合粉碎物中分离到11个化合物,运用光谱手段分别鉴定为neobractatin(1),brasixanthone B (2),5-O-methylxanthone V1 (3),10-O-methylmacluraxanthone (4),isobractatin (5),xanthone V1(6),xerophenone A (7),xerophenone B (8),bractatin (9),macluraxanthone (10)和3-O-methylneobractatin (11).本文首次应用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术分离了异构体7和8并测定了其精确分子量.其中化合物6～8为首次从该植物中发现.     

石蝉草的脂溶性成分

为研究石蝉草(Peperomia dindygulensis Miq.)的脂溶性化学成允,通过溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱、重结晶分离纯化,从石蝉草乙醇提取物的氯仿萃取部位分离得到7个化合物,经光谱学数据鉴定为:peperomin A(1),peperomin D(2),surinone C(3),proetorione C(4),cepharanone B(5),正十八酸(6),豆甾醇(7).化合物5为首次从该属植物中分离得到,除化合物1和2,其余所有成分均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

冻地银莲花的化学成分

从冻地银莲花(Anemone Tupestris ssp.Gelida (Max.)Lauener)中分离鉴定了12个化合物.分别为常春藤配基(1).刺楸皂甙A(2),牡丹草皂甙B(3),白头翁皂甙D(4),常春藤皂甙B(5),刺楸皂甙B(6),hederacholichiside E(7),hederacholichiside F(8),槲皮素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙(9)槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙(10).胡萝卜甙(11)和β-谷甾醇(12).以上化合物在本植物中均为首次报道.     

草珊瑚的化学成分研究

目的:研究草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra的化学成分。方法:采用各种现代色谱技术对草珊瑚进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果:从草珊瑚全草中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为:(-)-依斯坦布林A((-)-istanbulin A,1),依斯坦布林B(istanbulin B,2),菊苣苷(cichoriin,3),异秦皮啶(isofraxidin,4),滨蒿内酯(scoparone,5),槲皮素(quercetin,6),大黄素甲醚(physcion,7),大黄素(emodin,8),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,9),东莨菪内酯(scopoletin,10),蜂花酸(melissicacid,11),正二十五烷醇(pentacosanol,12)。结论:化合物3、7、8、11、12均首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物3、11、12首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物7首次从该科植物中分离得到。     

阴地翠雀花的化学成分研究CSCD

为研究阴地翠雀花(Delphinium umbrosum Hand.-Mazz.)的化学成分,采用硅胶柱色谱从其95%乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物。通过HR-ESI-MS、1D和2D NMR等波谱技术鉴定了它们的结构,包括13个牛扁碱型C19-二萜生物碱:牛扁碱(1)、氨茴酰牛扁碱(2)、majusine A(3)、14-deacetylajadine(4)、ajacine(5)、14-deacetylnudicauline(6)、甲基牛扁碱(7)、德尔色明A和B(8)、delavaine A free acid和delavaine B free acid(9)、德拉瓦印A和B(10)、拉翠碱A和B(11)、umbrosumine C(12)、umbrosumines A和B(13),以及1个异喹啉类生物碱:S-glaucine(14)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。测试了化合物(3~8、10~13)对脂多糖诱导小鼠RAW 264.7巨噬细胞产生NO的抑制作用,以及化合物1~14对小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞的抗肿瘤作用,结果显示所有测试化合物均无明显抗炎及抗肿瘤活性。     

黄檗落叶化学成分的研究

从黄檗落叶的95％乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了7个化合物,分别为phellodenol-A(1),茵芋苷(skimmin,2),phellodenol E(3),黄檗苷(amurensin,4),黄柏苷(phellamurin,5),(2R) -phellodensin-F(6)和clerosterol 3-Oβ-D-galactopyranoside (7).其中,化合物7为首次从黄柏属植物中分离得到,化合物3和6为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

广东紫珠中的苯丙素类化合物及其抗菌活性

采用多种色谱技术从岭南常用药材广东紫珠(Callicarpa kwangtungensis)地上部分醇提物中分离得到10个苯丙素类化合物,通过波谱分析和文献数据对照,将其分别鉴定为3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-(E)-propenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-propyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(1)、peiioside A(2)、syringalide A 3′-α-L-rhanmnopyranoside(3)、parvifloroside A(4)、 leucosceptoside B(5)、alyssonoside(6)、longissimoside B(7)、acteoside(8)、forsythoside B(9)和poliumoside(10)。其中,化合物1为首次从马鞭草科植物中分离得到,化合物4为首次从紫珠属植物中分离得到,化合物2、5和7均为首次从该植物中分离得到。抑菌实验结果表明,广东紫珠中4个含量较为丰富的苯丙素类化合物6、8、9和10对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌具有一定程度的抑制活性。研究结果为广东紫珠在抑菌方面的临床应用提供了参考依据。     

架棚中酚类化合物的研究

从架棚（ＣｅｒａｔｏｓｔｉｇｍａｍｉｎｕｓＳｔａｐｆｅｘＰｒａｉｎ）的乙酸乙酯部分分离得到１４个酚类化合物。经波谱技术,特别是２ＤＮＭＲ技术鉴定,其中化合物ｐｌｕｍｂｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎｓＡ（１）和Ｂ（２）为新化合物。其他１２个化合物被分别鉴定为ｐｌｕｍｂｏｌａｃｔｏｎｅＡ（３）、ｐｌｕｍｂａｂｉｃａｃｉｄ（４）、ｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（５）、ｅｐｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（６）、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｃａｆｅｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｕｌｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ、ｖａｎｉｌｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｇａｌｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ、（＋）ｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ和１,２,６ｔｒｉＯｇａｌｏｙｌｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ。     

山楝枝叶中两个新的倍半萜

本文报道了对山楝Aphanamixis polystachya枝叶的化学成分进行研究。采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、RP-C 18、HPLC等色谱分离手段,从其95%乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱方法进行鉴定为polystachyadione A(1)、polystachyadione B(2)、labd-13(E)-ene-8α,15-diol(3)、labd-13(E)-ene-8α,15-yl acetate(4)、1 S,4 S,5 S,10 R-4,10-愈创木二醇(5)、齐墩果酸(6)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(7)、反式咖啡酸(8)和单棕榈酸甘油酯(9)。其中化合物1和2为两个新化合物,化合物4、7、8和9为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物1、2对脂多糖诱导的RAW 264.7细胞NO生成没有表现出明显的抑制作用。     

Anti-Alzheimer's Activity of Polyphenolic Stilbene-Rich Acetone Fraction of the Oil-Removed Seeds of Passiflora edulis: in Vivo and in Silico Studies

The stilbene-rich acetone fraction in high yield (6.6 %, PEAS) of Passiflora edulis Sims was prepared and evaluated for neuroprotective activity in murine Alzheimer's disease model induced by aluminum chloride and D-galactose. The phytochemical and HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of the polyphenolic stilbene-rich acetone fraction showed that it contained different stilbenes including trans-piceatannol, scirpusins A−B and cassigarol E. The total phenolic content (TPC) of PEAS was 413.87±1.71 mg GAE eqv/g. The neuroprotective activity of PEAS is typically presented in the Morris water maze-reference Spatial Memory test, where the Alzheimer's mice treated at 100 mg/kg (Alz-ED1) and 200 mg/kg (Alz-ED2) spent less than 47 % and 66 % of the time, respectively, than the Alzheimer's model mice (Alz). Two simple stilbenes, trans-piceatannol and trans-resveratrol, showed selectively inhibitory activity in silico against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Two stilbene dimers, cassigarol E and scirpusin A, exhibited low nanomolar inhibitory potential against AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), significantly lower than those of the positive control, donepezil and tacrine. These findings suggest that the stilbenes from P. edulis seeds, particularly the stilbene dimers, warrant further investigation as potential neuroprotective candidates in the prevention of cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.     

Anti-Candida metabolites from endophytic fungi

Submerged cultures of some 1500 Ascomycota and Basidiomycota isolated from their fruit-bodies or as soil-borne, coprophilous or endophytic fungi were screened for activity against Candida albicans and a range of other pathogenic and saprotrophic fungi. Considerably more Ascomycota (11-16%) than Basidiomycota (3.5%) produced metabolites with activity against C. albicans. From five species of endophytes, six bioactive compounds were isolated and identified, viz. cerulenin (1), arundifungin (2), sphaeropsidin A (3), 5-(1,3-butadiene-1-yl)-3-(propene-1-yl)-2-(5H)-furanone (4), ascosteroside A (formerly called ascosteroside; 5) and a derivative of 5, ascosteroside B (6). 1, 3 and 5 were isolated from fungi belonging to different orders than previously described producers. Antifungal activities of 2 and 4-6 in the agar diffusion test were comparable with those of amphotericin B. Compound 6 exhibited a similar antifungal activity as 5 but its cytotoxicity towards Hep G2 cells was considerably lower. This study points to endophytic fungi related to hemibiotrophic or latent plant pathogens as an important source of bio- and chemodiversity.     

Chemical Constituents from Roots of Jatropha curcas

Thirteen compounds were isolated from the roots of datropha curcas L. Combining the determination of physico-chemical constants and spectral analyses (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EIMS, FABMS), the structures of the compounds were identified as 5α-stigmastane-3, 6-dione (1), nobiletin (2), β-sitosterol (3), taraxerol (4), 2S-tetracosanoic acid glyceride-1(5),5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (6), jatropholone A (7), jatropholone B (8), 6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin (9), caniojane (10), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (11), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (12) and daucosterol (13). Among them, compound 5 is a new compound which has never been reported in China and abroad, compound 1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12 were first time isolated from the plant, 7 and 8 are a pair of stereoisomers which can be inverted in dilute basic solution. 10 is a diterpenoid containing peroxide bridge.     

簇序草化学成分的研究

首次从族序草（Craniotome furcata(Link.)O.Kuntze)的乙酸乙酯部分分离到化合物cranioside A(1)、cranioside B(2)、mussaenoside(3)和ningpogenin(4)。利用波谱方法（^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR和ESI－MS等）对这些化合物的结构进行了鉴定,其中1和2为新化合物。     

Chemical Components from Craniotome furcata (in English)

Four compounds, craniosides A (1) and B (2), mussaenoside (3) and ningpogenin (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Craniotome furcata (Link.) O. Kuntze for the first time. Among them, craniosides A (1) and B (2) were identified as new compounds. The structures of the two new compounds were assigned mainly by spectral methods.     

alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors from the seeds of Syagrus romanzoffiana

Bioassay-guided fractionation against alpha-glucosidase resulted in isolation and characterization of eight active compounds from the EtOH extract of the seeds of Syagrus romanzoffiana. Of these, seven are stilbenoids, and two of them, 13-hydroxykompasinol A (1) and scirpusin C (4), possess potent inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase type IV from Bacillus stearothermophilus with the IC50 value of 6.5 and 4.9 microM, respectively. The in vivo assay on normal Wistar rats using oral sucrose challenge also demonstrated that kompasinol A (2) and 3,3',4,5,5'-pentahydroxy-trans-stilbene (5) possess significant effect in reducing the postprandial blood glucose level (10.2% and 12.1% at 10mg/kg, respectively). These results suggest that stilbenoids might be explored for their therapeutic potential as hypoglycemic agents.     

潞西山龙眼的化学成分研究

从山龙眼属植物潞西山龙眼的叶子中分离了6个化合物,利用核磁共振等方法,鉴定为熊果苷(1)、ro-bustaside B(2)、robustaside D(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、helicide(5)和(E)-(4-羟基苯基)-丙烯酸甲酯(6)。这6个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄花铁线莲的化学成分研究（Ⅱ）

从黄花铁线莲(Clematis intricata Bunge)的地上部分得到7个化合物,根据其理化性质和波谱分析,鉴定为硬脂酸乙酯,正二十六烷醇,咖啡酸乙酯,huzhangoside B,kalopanax-saponin B,clematoside S和5-羟基-4-氧代戊酸,以上化合物均为首次从该植物获得。