腹腔镜与宫腔镜联合治疗临床不孕不育症的疗效与价值研究

目的探讨腹腔镜与宫腔镜联合应用治疗临床不孕不育症的疗效与价值。方法随机选取我院治疗的临床不孕不育症患者78例为研究对象,按抽签顺序分为两组各39例。对照组采用传统开腹手术治疗,观察组采用腹腔镜联合宫腔镜治疗,比较两组患者手术治疗后输卵管畅通、宫内妊娠率以及临床疗效。结果与对照组比较,观察组术后输卵管通畅、宫内妊娠率明显提高,异位妊娠发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者的临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜联合宫腔镜治疗不孕不育症的效果显著,可提高输卵管通畅率及宫内妊娠率。     

宫腔镜与腹腔镜手术剔除子宫肌瘤临床疗效观察

目的探讨宫腔镜与腹腔镜手术剔除子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法将我院收治的118例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组实施腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术,观察组实施宫腔镜子宫肌瘤电切术治疗,比较两组围手术期指标、术后子宫肌层愈合情况以及术后妊娠情况。结果观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后肌层完全愈合率以及首次妊娠距手术时间均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术中转开腹率、术后发热率、月经改善率以及术后妊娠率比较,差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。结论宫腔镜与腹腔镜手术治疗子宫肌瘤均安全可靠,但宫腔镜术中出血量更少、术后恢复更迅速,是有生育要求患者的首选术式。     

宫腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的疗效及在不同年龄及阻塞类型中疗效差异

目的:探讨宫腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的临床治疗效果及在不同年龄及阻塞类型中的疗效差异。方法:选取2013年2月至2015年2月间我院收治的70例输卵管性不孕症患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组(n=35例)行宫腔镜引导下的输卵管疏通术,观察组(n=35例)在对照组治疗方案上联合腹腔镜治疗,比较两组的临床治疗效果,同时比较宫腹腔镜联合对不同年龄段以及不同阻塞类型患者的临床治疗效果。结果:观察组输卵管通畅情况优于对照组(Z=-2.207,P=0.027);观察组输卵管再通率高于对照组[82.86%vs 60.00%],差异有统计学意义(x2=4.480,P=0.034)。两组治疗后并发症发生率无差异(P0.05)。观察组治疗后1年总妊娠率高于对照组[82.86%vs 57.14%],差异有统计学意义(P0.05);宫内妊娠率高于对照组[80.00%vs51.43%],差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。年龄≤30岁组与年龄30岁组患者输卵管再通率、总妊娠率、宫内妊娠率无差异(P0.05)。壶腹部或伞部阻塞患者输卵管再通率、总妊娠率、宫内妊娠率均高于间质部阻塞患者和峡部阻塞患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:宫腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症具有较好的疗效,且输卵管再通率和妊娠率得到明显提高,术后并发症也较少,并且对输卵管壶腹部或伞部阻塞的术后再通率效果最好。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜与输卵管碘油造影治疗不孕不育症的临床疗效比较

目的:对比分析两种治疗方式(宫腔镜联合腹腔镜与输卵管碘油造影)治疗不孕不育症的临床疗效。方法:选择2015年1月~2016年12月在我院进行诊治的不孕不育症患者100例,所有患者均有排卵且月经规律,经输卵管相关检查被确诊为由于输卵管通而不畅或者输卵管阻塞而导致的不孕不育症,平均分为观察组和对照组,每组50例。对照组患者给予输卵管碘油造影治疗,观察组患者给予宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗。治疗后,比较两组患者疗效、手术时间、出血量、住院时间、术后异位妊娠、输卵管通畅率及宫内妊娠率。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为98.00%(49/50),明显高于对照组的76.00%(38/50)(P0.05);观察组的手术时间以及住院时间分别为(36.15±12.37)min、(7.23±1.39)d,均明显短于对照组的(52.36±15.43)min、(9.97±1.62)d(P0.05);观察组的术后输卵管通畅率为94.00%(47/50),明显高于对照组的72.00%(36/50)(P0.05);观察组的异位妊娠率为6.00%(3/50),明显低于对照组的20.00%(10/50)(P0.05);观察组的宫内妊娠率为70.00%(35/50),明显高于对照组的28.00%(14/50)(P0.05)。结论:与输卵管碘油造影相比,采用宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗不孕不育症患者能明显提高宫内妊娠率以及输卵管通畅率,且安全性更高。     

腹腔镜联合宫腔镜治疗不孕不育症的临床效果及安全性

目的探讨腹腔镜联合宫腔镜治疗不孕不育症的疗效及安全性。方法将2015年1月～2016年11月在我院行择期手术治疗的102例输卵管性不孕不育症患者按随机单盲法分为对照组和观察组各51例,观察组51例采用腹腔镜联合宫腔镜手术治疗,对照组51例采用腹腔镜手术治疗,并对两组患者的手术相关指标、输卵管通畅率及妊娠率、并发症发生率进行比较。结果观察组术中失血量(45.21±17.30)ml、手术时间(62.01±4.28)min、术后首次排气时间(1.47±0.48)天、住院时间(8.81±0.98)天,对照组术中失血量(44.26±16.37)ml、手术时间(61.35±5.27)min、术后首次排气时间(1.50±0.52)天、住院时间(8.69±1.07)天,两组患者各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的输卵管总通畅率为94.12%、妊娠成功率为76.47%高于对照组的76.47%和56.86%,并发症发生率为3.92%低于对照组的19.61%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论相较于腹腔镜手术,腹腔镜联合宫腔镜治疗不孕不育症的效果确切,可提升输卵管疏通效果,提高妊娠成功率,且并发症发生率低,创伤性小,安全性高。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕的临床研究

目的:探讨宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕的临床效果,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:选择2011年1月~2013年1月因输卵管性不孕在我院妇产科就诊的患者共120例,依据手术方法平均分为A组(宫腔镜)、B组(腹腔镜)、C组(宫腔镜联合腹腔镜)和D组(开腹手术),对比各组患者手术情况(手术时间、术中出血量和住院天数)、术后输卵管再通率和术后妊娠率。结果:A、B、C、D组手术时间、术中出血量、及住院天数依次增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);C组患者术后输卵管再通率、妊娠率均显著高于A组、B组、D组(均P0.05)。结论:宫腔镜联合腹腔镜治疗输卵管性不孕,具有创伤小、术后恢复快、输卵管再通率、妊娠率高的优点,值得推广应用。     

腹腔镜下异位妊娠手术对生育结局的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗异位妊娠对患者生育结局的影响。方法:收集异位妊娠患者82例,随机分为观察组(48例)与对照组(34例),对照组行传统开放手术,观察组行腹腔镜手术,比较两组的术后输卵管再通情况以及远期妊娠情况。结果:观察组的输卵管再通率为85.4%,显著高于对照组的61.8%;观察组的总妊娠率以及宫内妊娠率均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下异位妊娠手术对患者的创伤小,术后输卵管通畅率高,有利于改善术后生育结局,值得推广应用。     

宫腔镜手术对子宫黏膜下肌瘤患者卵巢功能、免疫功能及炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探讨宫腔镜手术对子宫黏膜下肌瘤患者卵巢功能、免疫功能及炎症因子水平的影响。方法:选取2017年1月～2018年4月期间我院收治的子宫黏膜下肌瘤患者107例为研究对象。根据不同的手术治疗方式将患者分为腹腔镜组(n=55,行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术)和宫腔镜组(n=52,行宫腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术),比较两组患者围术期指标;比较两组术前、术后3个月卵巢功能[促卵泡生长素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、窦卵泡数量(AFC)]、细胞免疫指标(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+)、体液免疫指标(Ig G、Ig A、Ig M)水平;比较两组术前、术后7 d炎症因子[白介素-2(IL-2)、白介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]指标水平;记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者手术时间、术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);宫腔镜组术后下床时间、肛门排气时间、住院时间以及抗生素使用时间均短于腹腔镜组(P0.05)。两组患者术后3个月E2、LH、AFC比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);腹腔镜组术后3个月FSH水平高于术前及宫腔镜组(P0.05)。腹腔镜组患者术后3个月细胞免疫指标低于术前及宫腔镜组(P0.05),但体液免疫指标与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);宫腔镜组术后3个月各项免疫指标与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后7d IL-2、IL-6以及CRP水平均升高,但宫腔镜组低于腹腔镜组(P0.05)。腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率为10.91%(6/55),与宫腔镜组的9.62%(5/52)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:宫腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术对子宫黏膜下肌瘤患者卵巢功能、免疫功能影响较轻,同时可降低炎性因子水平,未出现严重并发症,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜治疗外生型剖宫产瘢痕妊娠临床疗效分析

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜治疗外生型剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2013年10月至2015年5月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收治的56例确诊为外生型CSP患者的临床资料,其中26例行子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道切除外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶(经阴道手术组),30例行子宫动脉栓塞术后经宫腔镜切除外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶(经宫腔镜手术组)。比较两组患者的手术成功率、术中出血量、术后住院时间、住院费用、血HCG下降至正常时间及不良反应的发生情况等。结果经阴道手术组26例患者手术全部成功成功率为100%。经宫腔镜手术组30例患者中22例手术成功,8例因术中子宫穿孔改行腹腔镜或经腹外生型瘢痕妊娠病灶切除及子宫修补成功率为73.3%显著低于经阴道手术组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经阴道手术组患者的术中出血量[(20.58±6.1)mL]及住院费用((8833.04±491.5)元)明显低于经宫腔镜手术组[(69.03±7.8)mL](P0.001)、(14908.79±325.5)元(P0.001)。结论:子宫动脉栓塞术后经阴道与经宫腔镜两种术式均能达到较理想的治疗效果;经阴道治疗外生型CSP可行性强于经宫腔镜手术更安全、有效,值得临床推广。     

腹腔镜手术治疗结肠癌的临床应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗结肠癌的临床效果.方法:选取我院结肠癌患者44例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各22例,观察组行腹腔镜手术,对照组行开腹手术,比较两组的治疗效果和安全性.结果:两组患者的手术时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组的术中出血量明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜o.05),观察组术后排气时间、术后疼痛时间和住院时间均比对照组更短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组和对照组并发症发生率分别为9.09％和22.73％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者3年内局部复发、远处转移、种植转移和总生存率差异均无统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:腹腔镜手术治疗结肠癌有效、安全,具有创伤小,恢复快,并发症少等优点,适合临床广泛应用.     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.