丹参酮ⅡA联合CASC2对甲状腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭的影响固有淋巴细胞在脂质代谢中的研究进展

为了研究丹参酮ⅡA联合长链非编码RNA(lnc RNA)癌易感性候选基因2(CASC2)对甲状腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭的影响,该研究采用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)检测CASC2在甲状腺癌组织中的表达。将甲状腺癌SW579细胞分为pc DNA3.1组(转染pc DNA3.1质粒), pc DNA3.1-CASC2组(转染pc DNA3.1-CASC2质粒), con组(用与丹参酮ⅡA等量的二甲基亚砜处理),药物-1、2、3、4组(分别用1、2、4、8μg/m L丹参酮ⅡA处理),药物-4+pc DNA3.1组(转染pc DNA3.1质粒且用8μg/m L丹参酮ⅡA处理),药物-4+pc DNA3.1-CASC2组(转染pc DNA3.1-CASC2质粒且用8μg/m L丹参酮ⅡA处理)。分别用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)和平板克隆检测细胞存活与克隆形成;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡; Transwell检测细胞迁移、侵袭;蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测蛋白P21、含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3(Caspase-3)、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)的表达。结果显示,与癌旁组织相比,甲状腺癌组织中的CASC2表达量显著降低(P0.05)。过表达CASC2明显降低SW579细胞的存活率、克隆形成数、迁移细胞数、侵袭细胞数和MMP-2蛋白表达量,显著提高细胞凋亡率、P21、Caspase-3、E-cadherin蛋白表达量(P0.05)。丹参酮ⅡA明显降低SW579细胞的存活率、克隆形成数、迁移细胞数、侵袭细胞数、MMP-2蛋白水平,显著提高细胞凋亡率、P21、Caspase-3、E-cadherin蛋白表达水平,且均呈浓度依赖性(P0.05)。丹参酮ⅡA联合CASC2明显降低SW579细胞的存活率、克隆形成数、迁移细胞数、侵袭细胞数、MMP-2蛋白表达量,显著提高细胞凋亡率、P21、Caspase-3和E-cadherin蛋白水平(P0.05)。因此,丹参酮ⅡA联合CASC2可以抑制甲状腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,以及诱导细胞凋亡。     

IGF-1 基因转染对脂肪间充质干细胞活性的影响及机制研究

目的:探讨携带IGF-1基因慢病毒转染脂肪间充质干细胞(ADMSCs)的可行性,对其引起的细胞凋亡机制做出初步研究,并讨论其与PI3K/Akt通路的关系。方法:分离培养ADMSCs,利用脂质体将携带IGF-1基因的慢病毒载体转染入ADMSCs。实验分为Blank组,Lv-non和Lv-IGF-1三组,转染后用MTT法测定各组细胞的生长情况并绘制生长曲线,流式细胞术测定各组细胞凋亡,Western blot测定各组中IGF-1、Akt、p-Akt及凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果:成功分离、培养了大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞;携带IGF-1慢病毒载体转染ADMSCs后,流式细胞术检测发现Lv-non和Blank组凋亡率明显高于Lv-IGF-1组(P0.05)。同时发现Lv-IGF-1组中促凋亡蛋白Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白和Bax的表达水平显著下调(P0.01),抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2显著上调(P0.01)。MTT法结果显示Lv-IGF-1能促进细胞生长,在5到6天时显著高于其他两组(P0.05)。通过检测PI3K/Akt通路发现,Lv-IGF-1组PI3K和p-Akt水平显著高于Blank和Lv-non组(P0.05),通路被激活。结论:携带IGF-1基因慢病毒载体成功转染ADMSCs。在ADMSCs中过表达IGF-1蛋白可以促进细胞生长,同时抑制细胞凋亡,其机制可能与PI3K/Akt通路蛋白磷酸化相关。     

过表达CDX1蛋白对直肠癌细胞增殖及能量代谢的影响及机制研究

目的:探讨过表达尾侧同源盒转录因子1(CDX1)蛋白对直肠癌细胞增殖及能量代谢的影响。方法:以直肠癌细胞SW117为研究对象,细胞转染pIRES(空载体组)、pIRES-CDX1(过表达组),同时设置对照组(只加入转染试剂)。培养48 h后,Western blot检测细胞中CDX1、活化的含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3(Cleaved Caspase-3)、蛋白激酶B(Akt)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)表达水平,噻唑蓝(MTT)检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,试剂盒检测细胞中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量、丙酮酸激酶活性、己糖激酶活性及培养液上清中乳酸含量。结果:空载体组细胞中CDX1、Cleaved Caspase-3、Akt、p-Akt表达水平及细胞存活率、凋亡率、ATP含量、丙酮酸激酶活性、己糖激酶活性及培养液上清中乳酸含量与对照组相比均没有明显差异。过表达组细胞存活率、p-Akt水平、ATP含量、丙酮酸激酶活性、己糖激酶活性及培养液上清中乳酸含量与对组相比均明显下降,凋亡率及细胞中Cleaved Caspase-3表达水平均明显高于对照组。结论:过表达CDX1蛋白能够促进直肠癌细胞凋亡,抑制直肠癌细胞增殖,影响直肠癌细胞能量代谢,作用机制可能与p-Akt水平有关。     

Akt/HIF-1α信号通路在二氧化硒诱导PC12细胞损伤中的作用

该文主要探讨Akt/HIF-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α)信号通路在二氧化硒(Se O2)诱导大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞损伤中的作用。将PC12细胞暴露于不同浓度的Se O2(40、80、160μmol/L)24 h以诱导细胞发生损伤。采用噻唑蓝还原法和乳酸脱氢酶漏出率检测法测定细胞损伤程度,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态的变化,用丙二醛(malonic dialdehyde,MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)试剂盒检测细胞内活性氧类活性氧类(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平,Hoechst 33342单荧光染色法观察细胞凋亡,免疫印迹法检测细胞HIF-1α、磷酸化Akt(phosphorylated Akt,p-Akt)、淋巴瘤/白血病-2(B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2,Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X protein,Bax)、PI3k、p53和Caspase-3(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3)的表达。结果显示,二氧化硒可呈剂量依赖性地诱导PC12细胞损伤,导致细胞内ROS增多和细胞凋亡,引起细胞皱缩,轴突变短。p-Akt、HIF-1α、p53、Caspase-3表达上调,Bax/Bcl-2表达比例显著增加。由此说明,二氧化硒诱导PC12细胞损伤,导致细胞凋亡,与其激活细胞Akt/HIF-1α信号通路,进而促进p53、Bax/Bcl-2、Caspase-3的表达及胞内ROS增加有关。     

高糖和LY294002干预影响足细胞内Ⅳ型胶原表达

探讨高糖和PI3K/Akt通路对足细胞内Ⅳ型胶原(Col Ⅳ)表达的影响。体外培养小鼠足细胞,给予高糖(30mmol/L)处理后,分别于0,12,24,48h收集细胞,采用免疫细胞化学染色法和Western blot技术检测Col Ⅳ的表达;Western blot技术检测Akt的活化及LY294002对Col Ⅳ表达的抑制效应。结果表明,高糖诱导足细胞内Col Ⅳ蛋白表达增多,24h明显,各时间点与高糖刺激前相比均有统计学差异(P<0.05);高糖激活Akt蛋白磷酸化,p-Akt随刺激时间延长表达增多。PI3K/Akt通路抑制剂LY294002孵育细胞24h后,可减弱高糖诱导的足细胞内Col Ⅳ的表达(P<0.05)。因此,高糖可能通过激活PI3K/Akt通路上调足细胞内Ⅳ型胶原表达。     

趋化因子CCL2对人脐静脉内皮细胞ICAM-1 表达的影响

目的:探讨CC类趋化因子配体2(C-C motif ligand 2,CCL2)对人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)中细胞间粘附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法:体外分离培养HUVECs细胞,将HUVECs铺至6孔板中,待细胞融合至80-90%时,将CCL2过表达载体[pc DNA3.1(+)-CCL2]及CCL2小分子干扰RNA(si-RNA)分别转染到HUVECs中,于转染后12 h、24 h和48 h收集细胞进行RNA及蛋白提取。荧光定量PCR方法检测HUVECs中CCL2及ICAM-1基因m RNA表达。Western blotting检测HUVECs中CCL2及ICAM-1蛋白表达。结果:(1)与pc DNA3.1(+)组相比较,pc DNA3.1(+)-CCL2组中CCL2基因m RNA和蛋白水平均显著升高;与si-Control组相比较,si-CCL2组中CCL2基因m RNA和蛋白表达均明显下降。(2)与对照组比较,pc DNA3.1(+)-CCL2组明显增加HUVECs中ICAM-1的m RNA及蛋白表达,而si-CCL2组显著抑制HUVECs中ICAM-1的m RNA及蛋白表达。结论:CCL2能增加HUVECs中ICAM-1基因m RNA和蛋白表达,为深入认识动脉粥样硬化的发病机制提供了理论依据。     

FGFR1通过调控PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路介导非小细胞肺癌对吉非替尼的耐药

目的:探讨成纤维细胞生长因子受体1(FGFR1)诱导非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)吉非替尼获得性耐药的机制。方法:用吉非替尼诱导PC9细胞构建耐药细胞株PC9/GR,用CCK-8、平板克隆形成、transwell技术检测细胞的增殖和迁移能力,用流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡状况,qRT-PCR、免疫荧光和蛋白免疫印迹技术检测基因表达水平。进一步采用FGFR1抑制剂PD173074或si RNA-FGFR1处理PC9/GR细胞,检测细胞的增殖、迁移、克隆形成能力的变化及Akt、p-Akt、m TOR和p-mTOR表达的变化。结果:PC9/GR细胞的增殖、迁移及对吉非替尼的耐受能力显著增强;FGFR1在PC9/GR细胞中的表达水平显著升高;用PD173074处理PC9细胞后,其增殖、迁移能力及对吉非替尼的耐受能力显著下降;敲低FGFR1后Akt和m TOR的磷酸化水平显著下降。结论:FGFR1通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路介导非小细胞肺癌对吉非替尼的耐药。     

过表达SIRT3抑制裸鼠异位移植人肝细胞癌的生长及其机制研究

该文旨在研究人肝细胞癌异位移植瘤裸鼠模型中沉默信息调节因子3(silent information regulator 3,SIRT3)对肝细胞癌生长的影响及其机制。建立稳定过表达SIRT3和pc DNA3.1的SK-Hep-1细胞株;将稳定过表达SIRT3和pc DNA3.1的细胞悬液分别注射入裸鼠皮下,实时监测两组移植瘤的生长,25 d后剥离出移植瘤并称重;免疫组织化学检测移植瘤中SIRT3、Ki67的表达水平;应用定量逆转录PCR(q RT-PCR)筛选SIRT3影响移植瘤生长的下游靶向分子,Western blot检测下游靶向分子Bax的表达量以及移植瘤中cleaved-PARP(poly ADP-ribose polymerase)的表达水平。结果显示,过表达SIRT3组移植瘤的体积和重量都小于pc DNA3.1组;过表达SIRT3组移植瘤中Ki67的表达水平较pc DNA3.1组降低;过表达SIRT3上调Bax的m RNA和蛋白质水平并促进PARP的剪切。该文结果提示,SIRT3可能通过Bax凋亡信号通路抑制人肝细胞癌异位移植瘤的生长。     

Prosaposin对细胞增殖和凋亡的调控及其分子机制

为研究鞘脂激活蛋白原(Prosaposin)对细胞增殖、细胞凋亡的调控及其可能的分子机制, 以pcDNA3.1 in NIH3T3阴性对照细胞株和过表达prosaposin的Psap-Myc in NIH3T3细胞株为模型, 噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测prosaposin对细胞增殖的影响; Annexin V联合碘化丙啶(Propidium iodide, PI)法检测血清饥饿状态下prosaposin对细胞凋亡的影响; Western blotting检测PI3K/Akt信号通路中蛋白磷酸化水平的变化; Real-time PCR检测PI3K/Akt信号通路下游靶分子表达水平的改变。结果表明prosaposin可活化PI3K/Akt信号通路, 提高Akt^Ser473的磷酸化水平, 抑制细胞周期抑制基因P27^KIP1的表达, 上调细胞周期蛋白Cyclin D1的表达, 促进细胞周期从G1→S期进展; 诱导survival基因cIAP1、cIAP2的表达, 促进细胞存活。这些结果提示, prosaposin对细胞增殖和凋亡的调控可能是通过PI3K/Akt信号通路及其下游靶分子进行的。     

葡萄籽原花青素通过PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制氧化应激诱导的H9c2心肌细胞凋亡

为了探讨葡萄籽原花青素(grape seed proanthocyanidin, GSP)对心肌细胞的保护作用及机制,通过CCK-8法评估细胞活力,采用Western-blot分析评估GSP对凋亡相关蛋白质(cleaved caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2)和PI3K/Akt通路相关蛋白质(p-PI3K、PI3K、p-Akt和Akt)表达水平的影响,并使用TUNEL染色和Hoechst 33258染色评估H9c2心肌细胞凋亡情况。结果显示, GSP可以抑制H₂O₂诱导的H9c2心肌细胞的细胞毒性和凋亡,使促凋亡蛋白cleaved caspase-3和Bax表达下降,并使抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达水平升高; GSP作用于H9c2细胞后, PI3K和Akt的磷酸化水平增加,使PI3K/Akt信号通路激活。实验结果初步表明, GSP可抑制氧化应激诱导的H9c2心肌细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与激活PI3K/Akt信号通路有关。     

The effects of NONRATT021972 lncRNA siRNA on PC12 neuronal injury mediated by P2X<Subscript>7</Subscript> receptor after exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) participates in signal transmission by acting on P2X receptors, and the P2X₇ receptor is involved in the pathophysiological changes of ischemic injury. The PC12 cell line is a popular model system to study sympathetic neuronal function. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are highly expressed in the nervous system and serve as regulatory RNAs. In this study, the effects of NONRATT021972 lncRNA siRNA on P2X₇-mediated PC12 neuronal injury after exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) were investigated. Our results showed that the viability of PC12 cells cultured with OGD or the P2X₇ agonist BzATP was significantly decreased. Treatment with NONRATT021972 siRNA reversed the decreased viability of PC12 cells under OGD conditions. The upregulated P2X₇ mRNA and protein levels in PC12 cells under OGD conditions or BzATP treatment were significantly decreased when pretreated with NONRATT021972 siRNA. Moreover, NONRATT021972 siRNA treatment effectively suppressed the increase in [Ca²⁺]_i induced by OGD or P2X₇ agonists (ATP or BzATP) in PC12 cells. Therefore, treatment with NONRATT021972 siRNA may decrease sympathetic neuronal injury induced by ischemia.     

白藜芦醇对氧糖剥夺／再灌注损伤的PCI2细胞的保护作用及其作用机制

目的：探讨白藜芦醇对氧糖剥夺／再灌注（OGD／R）损伤的PCI2细胞的保护作用及其机制。方法：体外培养PCI2细胞,分为对照组,白藜芦醇组,OGD／R组及OGD／R＋白藜芦醇组。以改良的噻唑蓝法测定细胞活性,采用AnnexinV—FITC／PI双染法检测细胞的凋亡率,用双氯罗丹明（DHR）检测细胞内活性氧簇（Ros）的水平,采用蛋白印迹法（westemblot）分析SIRTl的蛋白表达情况。结果：与对照组相比,经过OGD／R损伤后,细胞活力显著降低。而在OGD／R的同时给予10μmol／L的白藜芦醇处理。可以明显提高细胞活力。流式细胞仪检测发现,10μmol／L的白藜芦醇可以显著地减少OGD／R引起的细胞凋亡,抑制细胞内的ROS产生。westemblot的结果提示,与对照组比较,白藜芦醇可提高SIRTl的蛋白表达水平。结论：白藜芦醇可以通过抑制ROS的产生和上调SIRTl的表达等机制而发挥其对抗氧糖剥夺／再灌注损伤的神经保护性作用。     

SOD2在姜黄素减轻氧糖剥夺所致神经元损伤中的作用

目的:探讨二型超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD,SOD2)是否介导了姜黄素(Curcumin,Cur)对氧糖剥夺模型(Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation,OGD)损伤神经元的保护作用。方法:本研究采用HT22神经元细胞暴露于OGD环境中3 h模拟神经元缺血缺氧损伤,SOD2-si RNA抑制神经元SOD2蛋白表达后,通过噻唑蓝法(Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide,MTT)检测细胞活力,比色法测量培养基乳酸脱氢酶(Lactic Dehydrogenase LDH)水平,流式细胞仪计算细胞凋亡率,Western blot测定凋亡蛋白Cleaved Caspase-3表达,并观察细胞形态和线粒体功能。结果:与正常培养的Control组相比,OGD组细胞活力显著降低,LDH释放明显增加,细胞凋亡率和Cleaved Caspase-3表达显著上升,细胞形态破坏并降低线粒体膜电位(MMP)和线粒体复合物1(Mitochondrial Complex 1 Activity)的活力(P0.05),100 ng/ml的Cur可显著减轻OGD诱导的神经元细胞的上述损伤性改变(P0.05)。而SOD2-si RNA显著逆转Cur对OGD诱导的神经元细胞损伤的保护作用(P0.05),SC-si RNA则未对Cur产生的神经保护作用造成显著干扰(P0.05)。结论:Cur可能通过上调SOD2的表达,减轻OGD对神经元细胞的损伤。     

氨磷汀对氧糖剥夺引起的PC12细胞缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的：研究氨磷汀对体外培养的神经元样细胞的缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,为其最终用于临床脑缺血的治疗打下基础。方法：体外培养的PC12细胞氧糖剥夺4h后复氧复糖,给予不同浓度的氨磷汀处理,20h后镜下观察细胞形态学变化,用MTT和LDH检测细胞活力和损伤情况,免疫荧光染色观察凋亡细胞,流式细胞仪计数凋亡细胞的比例。结果：高浓度氨磷汀对正常PC12细胞活力有抑制作用（P〈0.05）,而低浓度则无。氨磷汀可以提高缺血再灌注损伤PC12细胞活力（P〈0.05）,减少LDH释放（P〈0.05）,保护细胞正常形态,抑制细胞凋亡（P〈0.05）。结论：氨磷汀对氧糖剥夺引起的神经元样细胞的缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

梓醇对氧糖剥夺诱导PC1 2 细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的：观察梓醇对氧糖剥夺（OGD）诱导PC12细胞凋亡的保护作用。方法：采用Hoechst 33258 DNA染色法,四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）检测细胞活性;化学比色法测定乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的释放量,用流式细胞技术检测细胞凋亡比例以及P53和Bcl-2蛋白。结果：OGD可导致PC12细胞活力明显下降,LDH释放量增加、P53蛋白表达上升,Bcl-2蛋白表达下降。梓醇可明显改善细胞形态结构,显著降低LDH释放量、降低P53蛋白的表达,提高Bcl-2蛋白的表达,降低细胞凋亡率。结论：梓醇通过调节细胞凋亡相关基因的表达而抑制细胞凋亡。     

Platycodin D protects cortical neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is one of the leading causes of death in infants. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress and apoptosis are major contributors to hypoxic-ischemic injury and can be used as particularly promising therapeutic targets. Platycodin D (PLD) is a triterpenoid saponin that exhibits antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PLD on hypoxic-ischemic injury in primary cortical neurons. We found that oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) induced inhibition of cell viability and cytotoxicity, which were attenuated by PLD treatment. PLD treatment inhibited oxidative stress induced by OGD/R, which was evidenced by the reduced level of reactive oxygen species and increased activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Histone-DNA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that apoptosis was significantly decreased after PLD treatment in OGD/R-treated cortical neurons. The increased bax expression and decreased bcl-2 expression induced by OGD/R were reversed by PLD treatment. Furthermore, PLD treatment caused the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in OGD/R-stimulated cortical neurons. Suppression of this pathway blocked the protective effects of PLD on OGD/R-induced cell injury. These findings suggested that PLD executes its protective effects on OGD/R-induced cell injury via regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in cortical neurons.     

Tetramethylpyrazine Suppresses Transient Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation-Induced Connexin32 Expression and Cell Apoptosis via the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Pathway in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been widely used in China as a drug for the treatment of various diseases. Recent studies have suggested that TMP has a protective effect on ischemic neuronal damage. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of TMP mediated ischemic hippocampal neurons injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The effect of TMP on hippocampal neurons viability was detected by MTT assay, LDH release assay and apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. TMP significantly suppressed neuron apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. TMP could significantly reduce the elevated levels of connexin32 (Cx32) induced by OGD. Knockdown of Cx32 by siRNA attenuated OGD injury. Moreover, our study showed that viability was increased in siRNA-Cx32-treated-neurons, and neuron apoptosis was suppressed by activating Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting Bax expression. Over expression of Cx32 could decrease neurons viability and increase LDH release. Furthermore, OGD increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38, whose inhibitors relieved the neuron injury and Cx32 up-regulation. Taken together, TMP can reverse the OGD-induced Cx32 expression and cell apoptosis via the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways.     

Hypoxic preconditioning protects human brain endothelium from ischemic apoptosis by Akt-dependent survivin activation

Preconditioning-induced ischemic tolerance is well documented in the brain, but cell-specific responses and mechanisms require further elucidation. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro model of ischemic tolerance in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and to examine the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/Akt and the inhibitor-of- apoptosis protein, survivin, in the ability of hypoxic preconditioning (HP) to protect endothelium from apoptotic cell death. Cultured HBMECs were subjected to HP, followed 16 h later by complete oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) for 8 h; cell viability was quantified at 20 h of reoxygenation (RO) by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. HBMECs were examined at various times after HP or OGD/RO using immunoblotting and confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopy for appearance of apoptotic markers and expression of phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-survivin. Causal evidence for the participation of the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway in HP-induced protection and p-survivin upregulation was assessed by the PI3-kinase inhibitor LY-294002. HP significantly reduced OGD/RO-induced injury by 50% and also significantly reduced the OGD-induced translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to nucleus and the concomitant cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). PI3-kinase inhibition blocked HP-induced increases in Akt phosphorylation, reversed the effects of HP on OGD-induced AIF translocation and PARP-1 cleavage, blocked HP-induced survivin phosphorylation, and ultimately attenuated HP-induced protection of HBMECs from OGD. Thus HP promotes an antiapoptotic phenotype in HBMECs, in part by activating survivin via the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway. Survivin and other phosphorylation products of p-Akt may be therapeutic targets to protect cerebrovascular endothelium from apoptotic injury following cerebral ischemia.     

缺氧缺糖诱导心肌细胞损伤中Notch信号对HIF-α及自噬相关基因Beclin1,LC3I,LC3II表达的影响*

目的: 探讨在缺氧缺糖诱导心肌细胞损伤的模型中Notch信号对低氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)及自噬相关的基因Beclin1,LC3I,LC3II的影响。方法: 利用低氧培养箱与低糖DMEM培养基建立缺氧缺糖细胞(OGD)模型,细胞分为正常对照组,缺氧缺糖组(OGD group),缺氧缺糖+ NC siRNA组(OGD + NC siRNA group),缺氧缺糖+ Notch1 siRNA组(OGD + Notch1 siRNA group),缺氧缺糖+ HIF-1α siRNA组(OGD + HIF-1α siRNA group),利用Western blot检测Notch1 siRNA与HIF-1α siRNA的干预效果;利用Western blot 检测Notch1 siRNA对模型细胞中HIF-1α表达的影响;利用CCK-8实验检测Notch1 siRNA与HIF-1α siRNA对心肌细胞活性的影响;利用Western blot检测Notch1 siRNA与HIF-1α siRNA对自噬相关的基因Beclin1,LC3I,LC3II的影响。结果: HIF-1α siRNA可有效敲低模型心肌细胞HIF-1α的表达,而Notch1 siRNA可有效敲低模型心肌细胞中Notch1与HIF-1α的表达;Notch1 siRNA与HIF-1α siRNA可降低缺氧缺糖细胞模型中心肌细胞的活性,且二者的作用之间没有统计学差异(P＞0.05);Western blot结果显示Notch1 siRNA与HIF-1α siRNA可降低模型细胞中自噬相关的基因Beclin1,LC3I,LC3II的表达,降低LC3II/LC3I的比率。结论: Notch1通过正向调节模型细胞HIF-1α的表达,进而提高缺氧缺糖诱导的自噬,发挥对心肌的保护作用。