不同支付方式住院费用分析

目的:分析住院患者不同支付方式下住院费用差异,为建立合理的医疗费用控制体制提供参考依据。方法:对某院2007~2009年的住院患者的住院天数、年龄、住院费用、性别及支付方式进行分析。结果:年龄、性别和支付方式是影响住院费用的重要因素。至2009年医保患者人群多于自费患者人群,医保患者人数涨幅明显;男性患者多于女性患者;住院费用随着年龄的增长而增加。结论:继续推广城镇职工基本医疗保险,为60岁以上人群制定更有针对性的政策。     

不同支付方式住院费用分析

目的：分析住院患者不同支付方式下住院费用差异,为建立合理的医疗费用控制体制提供参考依据。方法：对某院2007~2009年的住院患者的住院天数、年龄、住院费用、性别及支付方式进行分析。结果：年龄、性别和支付方式是影响住院费用的重要因素。至2009年医保患者人群多于自费患者人群,医保患者人数涨幅明显;男性患者多于女性患者;住院费用随着年龄的增长而增加。结论：继续推广城镇职工基本医疗保险,为60岁以上人群制定更有针对性的政策。     

某省级医院执行《江苏省医保药品目录》

目的 分析某省级三甲医院对《江苏省基本医疗保险药品目录》的执行效果。方法 选取江苏省某省级三级医院为研究对象,比较分析城镇职工医保患者和自费患者的药品使用情况。结果 新版《医保药品目录》能基本满足该院临床治疗需求;对门诊医保患者费用控制具有显著作用,但对住院医保患者的药品费用控制效果不明显,对不同疾病药品费用控制效果不一。结论 建立和完善严格的用药考核制度,需加强中高档药物使用的监管,并增加相应的适应症限制,应考虑将临床治疗可供选择、药价适应的药品纳入目录。     

实行医疗保险总额预付制改革的思考

总额预付制是由医保部门在对医疗机构进行评估后,计算出人均医疗费用,根据服务量和人均医疗费用,测算出医院的年度费用标准,按此费用标准向医院预付定额的医疗费。对上海医保总额预付制的模式、实施成效、存在的问题进行了思考和探讨,对总额预付的运用及改进提出了初步的设想,以此推动医疗保险付费方式改革的持续进展。     

某医院不同费别老年住院患者病种费用分析

了解军队医疗保障制度改革后老年患者的医疗保障情况, 对比分析某医院2007年军免、医保和自费患者的单病种住院费用。军队老年患者的医疗保障程度明显高于医保和自费患者,应做好老年患者的医疗保障,同时促进合理医疗,加强质量监督。     

医疗保险支付方式在医院内部的实践探索

??????? 卫生总费用的快速增长已成为困扰世界各国的重要公共管理问题。医疗保险支付方式改革是医疗保险过程中涉及各方经济利益的最直接、最敏感的环节,对控制医疗费用发挥着重要作用。在医院内部探索实施医疗保险混合支付方式,以期能够达到控制医疗费用、保证医疗质量、提高医院医保管理效率的目的。     

按平均定额付费对糖尿病足诊疗行为的干预研究

目的 了解广州市社会医疗保险“按平均定额付费”方式对医生在为糖尿病足患者诊疗时诊疗行为的干预效果。方法 将广州市医疗机构按医保定额水平分为A、B两类,问卷调查A、B两类医疗机构共104名参与糖尿病足诊治的执业医师,研究不同医保定额水平下医疗机构医生行为的差异。结果 A、B两类医院医生在为糖尿病足医保患者诊疗时不容易发生诱导需求行为;A类医院仅有14.6%的医生愿意收治医保糖尿病足患者;“按平均定额付费”对糖尿病足患者诊疗效果限制程度A类医院较强。结论 “按平均定额付费”能够有效地约束医生诱导需求行为,降低医疗费用,但对糖尿病足疾病的治疗存在不足。     

单病种限价收费标准研究

目前按病种付费已经是大趋势。参照国外医保基金付费方式,研究我院单病种限价收费标准:即如何选择单病种和确定单病种价格,制定出一套适合我院单病种限价收费标准。实践表明按单病种限价收费,既降低了病人的医疗费用,提高了社会效益,又因收治病人数增加,同时也提高了医院的经济效益,对于医患双方是"双赢"。因此我院单病种费用收费标准的制定将为我省医疗单位和医疗保险业单病种费用收费标准的制定起着积极的推动作用。     

医保与非医保患者住院费用的影响因素分析

目的:对医保与非医保患者住院费用的影响因素进行分析比较,为相关部门制定合理有效的费用监督和控制措施提供依据。方法:选择徐州市中心医院2013年1月至2015年12月收治的医保病例1482例、非医保病例1176例,分析两类患者的费用分布及其影响因素。结果:医保患者的住院天数显著高于非医保患者,除泌尿系结石疾病外,其他3种疾病的医保患者住院费用和各项目支出均显著高于非医保患者。药费和治疗费是住院费用的主要支出项目,影响医保患者住院费用的主要因素依次包括住院天数、病种、入院时情况、合并症情况、是否手术、是否一级护理、是否医院感染、是否抢救以及并发症情况,影响非医保患者住院费用的因素依次包括住院天数、病种、合并症情况、是否手术、是否抢救以及并发症情况。结论:医疗保险制度未有效控制医疗费用上涨。我国医疗卫生体制改革需要重点调整医疗费用的构成,降低药费的比重。需要建立正确的科学的激励医院和医务人员的奖惩机制和合理的薪酬体系。     

某三甲医院手术科室麻醉自费项目现状调查

????? 目的 探讨现阶段北京某三甲医院手术科室住院医疗保险项目付费自费费用中麻醉自费费用所占比例以及麻醉自费项目发生情况。方法 对北京某三甲医院2011年3月1-7日一周的15个手术科室医保出院病人麻醉自费项目进行现状调查。结果 北京某三甲医院手术科室麻醉自费费用占总自费费用比例12.04%,麻醉自费项目费用构成排名前5位的是凯纷注射液（占43.20%）、瑞芬太尼注射液（占17.43%）、镇痛泵（占10.04%）、赛机宁注射液（占8.20%）、天普洛安粉针（占8.14%）,自费比例与麻醉自费费用正相关,与麻醉自费项目费用构成负相关。结论 只有解决凯纷注射液、瑞芬太尼注射液和镇痛泵等的报销问题,才能从根本上控制麻醉自费费用。     

我国现行医疗卫生政策的相关问题分析

医疗卫生是构建和谐社会的重要因素之一,也是关乎百姓切身利益的重大问题之一,近年来,医疗体制的不断改革,医疗卫生的相关政策的不断出台,已经大大地改善了我国广大人民群众的“看病难,看病贵”等问题,增加了医保的覆盖人群,减轻了城市低收入人群及农村的医疗负担,但是,我们仍面临着巨大的挑战,新的问题也不断涌现,医疗卫生政策不适应现在的医疗需求发展、经济发展不均衡、不同层次群众的医疗需求有差异等,都是医疗卫生改革中面临的问题,医疗改革的不断推进势在必行。我国的医疗保障制度覆盖率已经达到95％,但是,现行的医疗保障制度的还不能从根本上解决人民群众的“就医难,治病贵”的问题,其他医疗保险不能与现行的医疗保障制度相适应,从而,影响了我国整体的医疗水平的提高。     

老年白内障患者术前焦虑障碍的影响因素分析及对术后干眼症状和视觉相关生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨老年白内障患者术前焦虑障碍的影响因素,并观察术前焦虑障碍对术后干眼症状和视觉相关生活质量的影响。方法：选择2020年12月~2022年5月期间江苏省人民医院眼科收治的老年白内障患者100例作为研究对象。所有患者入院第1天采用状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI）评估焦虑状况,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析老年白内障患者发生术前焦虑障碍的影响因素,并观察其对术后干眼症状和视觉相关生活质量的影响。结果：本研究100例老年白内障患者中,有46例患者出现术前焦虑障碍,占比46.00%,平均STAI评分为（59.27±3.16）分;有54例未出现术前焦虑障碍,占比54.00%,平均STAI评分为（35.39±5.28）分。根据是否出现术前焦虑障碍将患者分为焦虑障碍组（n=46）和无焦虑障碍组（n=54）。单因素分析显示,老年白内障患者术前焦虑障碍与年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、外科手术史、合并基础疾病种类、是否双眼白内障、付费方式、家庭关系有关（P<0.05）,而与婚姻状况、居住地无关（P>0.05）。年龄为60~69岁、家庭关系差、性别为女、文化程度为小学及以下、无外科手术史、双眼白内障、合并基础疾病种类为2种及以上是老年白内障患者发生术前焦虑障碍的危险因素（P<0.05）。焦虑障碍组术后干眼症状评分高于无焦虑障碍组（P<0.05）。焦虑障碍组社会角色限制、精神健康状态、社交功能、近距离工作、总体视觉情况、远距离工作、周边视野、独立性、一般健康状态、驾驶、色彩视觉、眼痛分值及总分均低于无焦虑障碍组（P<0.05）。结论：年龄、家庭关系、性别、文化程度、外科手术史、双眼白内障、合并基础疾病种类是老年白内障患者术前焦虑障碍的影响因素。老年白内障患者存在术前焦虑障碍可增加术后发生干眼症状的风险,并降低其视觉相关生活质量。     

医疗保险预付费方式控制医疗费用的机制研究

医疗保险以控制医疗费用为重要职能,以预付费方式为主要手段。医疗保险预付费方式实际上是一种“定额”付费方式,以“超支自负和结余归己”的固定结算制度为控费机制。目前,部分地区的医保机构对医疗机构采取“超支分担、结余奖励”的弹性结算制度,部分地区对医疗机构采取“超支自负、结余归人”或“超支分担、结余归己”的半固定半弹性结算制度。这些结算制度不是“定额”付费方式,而且“限额”付费方式,原本是为了既控制医疗费用又防范医疗风险,结果是既不能控制医疗费用又不能防范医疗风险。     

基于TOPSIS综合评价法的医疗保险规制措施评价

?????? 目的 评价我国医疗保险规制效果,筛选优先干预措施,为建立有效的医院规制体系提供依据。方法 运用文献研究法明确现行医疗保险规制策略,通过问卷调查法调查策略实施情况,运用加权TOPSIS综合评价法对医疗保险规制的主要策略进行多维度综合评价。 结果 医疗保险支付方式是下一步规制改革的首要内容,接下来依次为医疗保险定点机构管理及医疗保险筹资和费用补偿。结论 在促进后付制（按项目付费）向预付制转变的同时,积极探索多种支付方式的结合运用。     

Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Rural Household Impoverishment in China: What Role Does the New Cooperative Health Insurance Scheme Play?

Objective

To determine whether the New Cooperative Medical Insurance Scheme (NCMS) is associated with decreased levels of catastrophic health expenditure and reduced impoverishment due to medical expenses in rural households of China.

Methods

An analysis of a national representative sample of 38,945 rural households (129,635 people) from the 2008 National Health Service Survey was performed. Logistic regression models used binary indicator of catastrophic health expenditure as dependent variable, with household consumption, demographic characteristics, health insurance schemes, and chronic illness as independent variables.

Results

Higher percentage of households experiencing catastrophic health expenditure and medical impoverishment correlates to increased health care need. While the higher socio-economic status households had similar levels of catastrophic health expenditure as compared with the lowest. Households covered by the NCMS had similar levels of catastrophic health expenditure and medical impoverishment as those without health insurance.

Conclusion

Despite over 95% of coverage, the NCMS has failed to prevent catastrophic health expenditure and medical impoverishment. An upgrade of benefit packages is needed, and effective cost control mechanisms on the provider side needs to be considered.     

Impact of a New Reimbursement Program on Hepatitis B Antiviral Medication Cost and Utilization in Beijing,China

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant clinical and financial burden for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In Beijing, China, partial reimbursement on antiviral agents was first implemented for the treatment of CHB patients in July 1, 2011.

Aims

In this study, we describe the medical cost and utilization rates of antiviral therapy for CHB patients to explore the impact of the new partial reimbursement policy on the medical care cost, the composition, and antivirals utilization.

Methods

Clinical and claims data of a retrospective cohort of 92,776 outpatients and 2,774 inpatients with non-cirrhotic CHB were retrieved and analyzed from You''an Hospital, Beijing between February 14, 2008 and December 31, 2012. The propensity score matching was used to adjust factors associated with the annual total cost, including age, gender, medical insurance type and treatment indicator.

Results

Compared to patients who paid out-of-pocket, medical cost, especially antiviral costs increased greater among patients with medical insurance after July 1, 2011, the start date of reimbursement policy. Outpatients with medical insurance had 16% more antiviral utilization; usage increased 3% among those who paid out-of-pocket after the new partial reimbursement policy was implemented.

Conclusions

Direct medical costs and antiviral utilization rates of CHB patients with medical insurance were higher than those from paid out-of-pocket payments, even after adjusting for inflation and other factors. Thus, a new partial reimbursement program may positively optimize the cost and standardization of antiviral treatment.     

对医保定点医疗机构支付方式改革的思考

医保对定点医疗机构支付方式改革势在必行,应由传统的被动支付向管理型支付方向发展。在需方对医疗机构支付方式上,应确定与参保对象承受能力相适应的费用分担比例,同时组合应用多种支付方式;在医保对医疗机构支付方式上,应由后付制转向预付制、由单一的支付方式转向混合型支付方式。支付方式改革要辅之以加强对医疗机构的监管、加快卫生信息化建设、建立医保谈判机制和注重配套政策支撑等。     

Rural-to-Urban Migrants' Experiences with Primary Care under Different Types of Medical Institutions in Guangzhou,China

Objectives

China is facing the unprecedented challenge of rapidly increasing rural-to-urban migration. Migrants are in a vulnerable state when they attempt to access to primary care services. This study was designed to explore rural-to-urban migrants’ experiences in primary care, comparing their quality of primary care experiences under different types of medical institutions in Guangzhou, China.

Methods

The study employed a cross-sectional survey of 736 rural-to-urban migrants in Guangzhou, China in 2014. A validated Chinese version of Primary Care Assessment Tool—Adult Short Version (PCAT-AS), representing 10 primary care domains was used to collect information on migrants’ quality of primary care experiences. These domains include first contact (utilization), first contact (accessibility), ongoing care, coordination (referrals), coordination (information systems), comprehensiveness (services available), comprehensiveness (services provided), family-centeredness, community orientation and culturally competent. These measures were used to assess the quality of primary care performance as reported from patients’ perspective. Analysis of covariance was conducted for comparison on PCAT scores among migrants accessing primary care in tertiary hospitals, municipal hospitals, community health centers/community health stations, and township health centers/rural health stations. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore factors associated with PCAT total scores.

Results

After adjustments were made, migrants accessing primary care in tertiary hospitals (25.49) reported the highest PCAT total scores, followed by municipal hospitals (25.02), community health centers/community health stations (24.24), and township health centers/rural health stations (24.18). Tertiary hospital users reported significantly better performance in first contact (utilization), first contact (accessibility), coordination (information system), comprehensiveness (service available), and cultural competence. Community health center/community health station users reported significantly better experience in the community orientation domain. Township health center/rural health station users expressed significantly better experience in the ongoing care domain. There were no statistically significant differences across settings in the ongoing care, comprehensiveness (services provided), and family-centeredness domains. Multiple linear regression models showed that factors positively associated with higher PCAT total scores also included insurance covering parts of healthcare payment (P<0.001).

Conclusions

This study highlights the need for improvement in primary care provided by primary care institutions for rural-to-urban migrants. Relevant policies related to medical insurance should be implemented for providing affordable healthcare services for migrants accessing primary care.