重庆唇形科植物一新记录种——洪林龙头草北大核心CSCD

该研究报道了一个在重庆发现的唇形科(Lamiaceae)植物新记录种——洪林龙头草(Meehania hongliniana B.Y.Ding&X.F.Jin),并提供了其形态描述及彩色图片,凭证标本藏于重庆自然博物馆植物标本室(CQNM)。洪林龙头草2018年首次发现于浙江开化县南华山,其具有明显的不育茎和可育茎而与该属其他物种不同。     

美汉草的繁殖方法

生长在黑龙江省小兴安岭林区的野生花卉美汉草(Meehania urticaefolia),又名荨麻叶龙头草、芝麻花,为唇形科龙头草属的多年生草本植物。其植株丛生,高20—40厘米;叶对生,叶片心形或卵状心形,两面被长柔毛。每当初夏时节,在林下、山坡及山沟小溪边,常有成片生长的美汉草,     

中国楼梯草属(荨麻科)植物省级分布新记录

报道荨麻科楼梯草属7种1变种植物在我国6个省区分布的新记录,其中广西分布新记录的有算盘楼梯草和多歧楼梯草,贵州分布新记录的有曲毛楼梯草,海南分布新记录的有锐齿楼梯草和深绿楼梯草,湖南分布新记录的有短毛楼梯草,四川分布新记录的有丝梗楼梯草,云南分布新记录的有细角楼梯草。     

中国楼梯草属和赤车属(荨麻科)植物在各省的分布新记录

报道荨麻科楼梯草属和赤车属共18种植物在我国9个省区的分布新记录,其中有安徽的对叶楼梯草,福建的骤尖楼梯草和异被赤车。甘肃的庐山楼梯草。广西的大叶赤车,贵州的樱叶楼梯草,裂序楼梯草,曲毛赤车和波缘赤车,湖南的梨序楼梯草,四川的裂序楼梯草和漾濞楼梯草,西藏的翅苞楼梯草,拟盘托楼梯草,贡山楼梯草和李恒楼梯草,云南的短齿楼梯草,无苞楼梯草,樱叶楼梯草。裂序楼梯草和伏毛楼梯草。     

贵州及湖南楼梯草属（荨麻科）植物新记录

本文报道荨麻科(Urticaceae)楼梯草属(ElatostemaJ.R.&G.Forst.)植物贵州新记录2种:疏晶楼梯草(E.hookerianum Wedd.)和显脉楼梯草(E.longistipulum Hand.-Mazz.),以及湖南新记录1种:西畴楼梯草(E.xi-chouense W.T.Wang)。     

贵州省楼梯草属(荨麻科)植物2新记录种

该文报道了贵州省荨麻科(Urticaceae)楼梯草属(ElatostemaJ.R.G.Forst.)植物2新记录,即环江楼梯草(E.huanjiangense W.T.WangY.G.Wei)和巨序楼梯草(E.megacephalum W.T.Wang)。     

广西毛茛科植物新记录属——尾囊草属

该文报道了中国广西毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)植物新记录属——尾囊草属(Urophysa Ulbr.)。该属为中国特有属,原记载分布于四川东部、贵州、湖北西部、湖南北部和广东,在广西木论国家级自然保护区的发现表明了亚热带喀斯特地貌植物区系广泛的联系性。文中还提供了尾囊草[U.henryi(Oliv.)Ulbr.]的形态描述和图片。     

广西禾本科植物二新记录属

该文报道了广西禾本科(Poaceae)植物二新记录属,即菵草属( Beckmannia Host)和草沙蚕属( Tripogon Roem. et Schult.)。菵草属有2种及1变种,分布较广,我国有1种1变种,广西首次记录到该属的菵草[ Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.]。草沙蚕属约有30种,多分布于亚洲和非洲,我国有11种,广西首次记录到该属的线形草沙蚕( Tripogon filiformis Nees ex Steud.)。同时,还提供了2个新记录属、种的形态描述与照片。     

福建省被子植物新记录属种

报道福建省被子植物新记录1属--球子草属(Peliosanthes Andr.)和新记录2种,即百合科(Liliaceae)大盖球子草(Peliosanthes macrostegia Hance)和花柱草科(Stylidiaceae)花柱草(Stylidium uliginosum Swartz),凭证标本保存于福建农林大学标本馆(FJFC)。     

西藏紫草科1新记录属——微果草属

该文报道了西藏地区紫草科1新记录属微果草属(Microcaryum)及1新记录种微果草(Microcaryum pygmaeum (Clarke)Johnst.)。该种发现于西藏隆子县,生于海拔约5 000 m的高山草甸。研究了其外部形态、小坚果微形态及花粉形态,并与形态相近种毛果草 （Lasiocaryum densiflorum (Duthie)Johnst.） 进行了比较。凭证标本保存于北京师范大学动植物标本馆植物标本室(BNU)。     

东北地区被子植物新资料

东北地区位于中国东北部,地处欧亚大陆东缘,地域辽阔,环境复杂,植被类型多样,是我国北方植物种类较为丰富、植物区系起源演变发展的重要地区。该研究根据野外实地调查及资料分析,报道了东北地区2种新分布植物,分别是野生堇菜(Viola arvensis)、线叶毛膏菜(Drosera anglica)。野生堇菜为东北地区新归化种,分布于哈尔滨市帽儿山,该种在我国台湾地区有分布,原产于非洲北部、亚洲西南部和欧洲;线叶毛膏菜为中国新记录种,分布于东北长白山区。该属在东北地区还有1种,即圆叶茅膏菜(D.rotundifolia)。两者的主要区别:前者叶为线状匙形,花柱3,每个花柱2分裂至中部;后者叶片近圆形,花柱3,每个花柱深裂至基部。凭证标本保存于东北林业大学植物标本室(NEFI)。这些新资料种的发现,对于丰富东北地区植物种类及对本地区植物多样性的研究具有重要意义。     

Relative host plant species use by the lantana biological control agent Aconophora compressa (Membracidae) across its native and introduced ranges

Aconophora compressa Walker (Hemiptera: Membracidae) was released in 1995 against the weed lantana in Australia, and is now found on multiple host plant species. The intensity and regularity at which A. compressa uses different host species was quantified in its introduced Australian range and also its native Mexican range. In Australia, host plants fell into three statistically defined categories, as indicated by the relative rates and intensities at which they were used in the field. Fiddlewood (Citharexylum spinosum L.: Verbenaceae) was used much more regularly and at higher densities than any other host sampled, and alone made up the first group. The second group, lantana (Lantana camara L.: Verbenaceae; pink variety) and geisha girl (Duranta erecta L.: Verbenaceae), were used less regularly and at much lower densities than fiddlewood. The third group, Sheena’s gold (another variety of D. erecta), jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don: Bignoniaceae) and myoporum (Myoporum acuminatum R. Br.: Myoporaceae), were used infrequently and at even lower densities. In Mexico, the insect was found at relatively low densities on all hosts relative to those in Australia. Densities were highest on L. urticifolia, D. erecta and Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae), which were used at similar rates to one another. It was found also on a few other verbenaceous and non-verbenaceous host species but at even lower densities. The relative rate at which Citharexylum spp. and L. urticifolia were used could not be assessed in Mexico because A. compressa was found on only one plant of each species in areas where these host species co-occurred. The low rate at which A. compressa occurred on fiddlewood in Mexico is likely to be an artefact of the short-term nature of the surveys or differences in the suites of Citharexylum and Lantana species available there. These results provide further incentive to insist on structured and quantified surveys of non-target host use in the native range of potential biological control agents prior to host testing studies in quarantine.     

Phylogeny and biogeography of Chinese and Australasian Polystichum ferns as inferred from chloroplast trnL-F and rps4-trnS sequence data

Polystichum, one of the largest genera of ferns, occurs worldwide with the greatest diversity in southwest China and adjacent regions. Although there have been studies of Chinese Polystichum on its traditional classification, geographic distributions, and even a few on its molecular systematics, its relationships to other species outside China remain little known. Here, we investigated the phylogeny and biogeography of the Polystichum species from China and Australasia. The evolutionary relationships among 42 Polystichum species found in China (29 taxa) and Australasia (13 taxa) were inferred from phylogenetic analyses of two chloroplast DNA sequence data sets: rps4-trnS and trnL-F intergenic spacers. The divergence time between Chinese and Australasian Polystichum was estimated. The results indicated that the Australasian species comprise a monophyletic group that is nested within the Chinese diversity, and that the New Zealand species are likewise a monophyletic group nested within the Australasian species. The divergence time estimates suggested that Chinese Polystichum migrated into Australasia from around 40 Ma ago, and from there to New Zealand from about 14 Ma. The diversification of the New Zealand Polystichum species began about 10 Ma. These results indicated that Polystichum probably originated in eastern Asia and migrated into Australasia: first into Australia and then into New Zealand.     

中国粘菌Ⅶ:团毛菌科的新种和新记录种

本文报告了团毛菌科中的二个新种:Perichaena membranea sp. nov.; Perichaena poronema sp. nov及二个国内新纪录种:Trichia erecta Rex和Arcyria abietina (A.Wigand) N. E. Nannenga-Bremekamp.新种有拉T文描述及扫描电镜照片,讨论了新种与相近种的关系。模式标本收藏于HMAS北京和HJAU长春。     

中国禾本科植物锈菌补遗

本文对中国禾本科植物锈菌增补了五种,其中两个新种:1、单穗拂子茅夏孢锈Uredo calamagrostidis-emodensis 2、多花剪股颖夏孢锈U. agrostidis-myrianthae;三个中国新记录:3、青篱竹柄锈Puccinia arundinariae 4、阿切尔单胞锈Uromyces archerianus 5、龙爪茅单胞锈U. dactyloctenii。每个种都有描述及附图。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

我国首次检出双色多刺蚁及多刺蚁属介绍

【目的】2016年7月北京出入境检验检疫局从泰国进境商品山竹果中检出双色多刺蚁,经查询,该种为我国进出境检疫部门首次检出。了解多刺蚁属情况可为该类昆虫的检疫鉴定提供依据。【方法】笔者通过对双色多刺蚁及多刺蚁属相关文献进行翻译和整理,详细介绍了双色多刺蚁的分类地位、分布、形态特征及近似种,以及多刺蚁属在中国的种类,并简要分析了我国检疫系统对多刺蚁属的截获情况。【结果】双色多刺蚁(膜翅目:蚁科)主要分布于东南亚和澳大利亚地区,在我国仅分布于云南省。多刺蚁属在我国已知45种1亚种。2003—2016年7月我国检疫系统共检出多刺蚁属2097批次。【结论】多刺蚁属随货物包装携带入境的概率较高,各进出境检疫部门应加强对该类昆虫的检疫工作。     

新疆地图衣属地衣分类学研究

该研究以新疆的地图衣科(Rhizocarpaceae)地图衣属(Rhizocarpon)100余份地衣标本为材料,通过形态解剖学观察、化学成分分析及分子学鉴定的方法了解新疆地图衣属地衣的物种多样性。结果表明:(1)鉴定出7种地图衣属地衣,包括1个中国新记录种,命名为淡黄色地图衣(R.atroflavescens),6个常见种分别是黑红地图衣(R.badioatrum)、灰地图衣(R.disporum)、双孢地图衣(R.geminatum)、地图衣(R.geographicum)、巨地图衣(R.grande)和岩表地图衣(R.superficiale)。(2)编制了新疆22种地图衣属地衣的分种检索表。(3)系统发育分析结果表明,新疆地图衣属地衣的分子鉴定与形态解剖特征结果一致,更准确地证明淡黄色地图衣为中国新记录种。(4)对已报道的新疆22种地图衣属地衣的地区分布及海拔分布统计显示,新疆22种地图衣属地衣在世界各地均有分布,其中亚洲分布最丰富;该22种地图衣属地衣从低海拔到高海拔都有分布,且各海拔高度物种分布不均匀,总体在高海拔地区分布的物种较多。     

白边钱苔和刺毛钱苔形态特征及其地理新分布

通过对内蒙古自治区鄂托克旗和杭锦旗苔藓植物的采集研究与标本鉴定,发现了钱苔科的2个新分布种——白边钱苔(Riccia albolimbata)和刺毛钱苔(Riccia setigera)。白边钱苔为亚洲新记录种,首次在中国内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市发现,其主要特征为植物体具有白色腹鳞片,边缘呈白色。刺毛钱苔为内蒙古新分布种,其主要特征为叶状体背面具刺毛。该研究对白边钱苔和刺毛钱苔的形态特征和地理分布进行了具体描述,将其与相似种进行了比较分析,并提供了这2个种的图版和中国钱苔属分种检索表,丰富了中国乃至亚洲钱苔属的研究资料。     

重庆凤仙花科植物1新记录种——太子凤仙花

该文报道重庆市1新记录种——太子凤仙花(Impatiens alpicola Y.L.Chen et Y.Q.Lu),并描述该新记录种的形态特征和生境分布,凭证标本存放于重庆三峡学院生命科学与工程学院植物标本馆。另编制了重庆市分布凤仙花属植物分种检索表。