芸薹属类黄酮3''-羟化酶基因家族RNA干扰载体的构建

目的：构建芸薹属类黄酮3′羟化酶（F3′H）基因家族的RNAi载体。方法：采用PCR克隆了607bp的芸薹属F3’H基因家族的RNAi片段,将其反义片段、正义片段分别采用NcoⅠ＋AatⅡ、BamHⅠ＋XbaⅠ插入到改进型植物RNAi基础载体pF-GC5941M的启动子与间隔区、间隔区与终止子之间,形成11366bp的重组载体pFGC5941M-BF3′HI（简称为pBF3′HI）,复合PCR鉴定后转化根癌农杆菌,获得工程菌株。结果：载体构建成功。结论：构建了RNAi载体pBF3′HI,可用于芸薹属植物花色、种皮色泽、茎叶色彩等性状的机理研究和遗传修饰。     

芸蔓属查尔酮异构酶基因家族RNA干扰载体的构建

作为类黄酮途径的第二步关键酶,查尔酮异构酶(chalcone isomerase,CHI)催化四轻基查尔酮成为抽皮素,用于合成各种类黄酮物质,影响多种性状.芸蔓属含有多种重要的油料、蔬菜和观赏植物.本研究从甘蓝型油菜克隆了芸蔓属CHI基因家族的干扰片段BCHII(761 bp),采用NcoI+AatII和BarnHI+XbaI双酶切方案分别将其反义片段和正义片段亚克隆到植物RNA干扰(RNAi)平台载体pFGC5941M的启动子与间隔区、间隔区与终止子之间,形成了11674by的RNAi载体pFGC5941M-BCHII(简称pBCHID,多种PCR检测表明2个片段的插入方向正确,重组载体完整,将其转化根癌农杆菌菌株LBA4404以后获得了工程菌株LBA4404-pBCHII-.本研究结果将促进研究CHI与芸蔓属异花授粉、植株色彩、黄籽和抗逆性等性状的关系和开展相关分子育种.     

芸薹属查尔酮异构酶基因家族RNA干扰载体的构建

作为类黄酮途径的第二步关键酶,查尔酮异构酶(chalcone isomerase,CHI)催化四羟基查尔酮成为柚皮素,用于合成各种类黄酮物质,影响多种性状。芸薹属含有多种重要的油料、蔬菜和观赏植物。本研究从甘蓝型油菜克隆了芸薹属CHI基因家族的干扰片段BCHII(761bp),采用NcoⅠ+AatⅡ和BamHⅠ+XbaⅠ双酶切方案分别将其反义片段和正义片段亚克隆到植物RNA干扰(RNAi)平台载体pFGC5941M的启动子与间隔区、间隔区与终止子之间,形成了11674bp的RNAi载体pFGC5941M-BCHII(简称pBCHII),多种PCR检测表明2个片段的插入方向正确,重组载体完整,将其转化根癌农杆菌菌株LBA4404以后获得了工程菌株LBA4404-pBCHII-①。本研究结果将促进研究CHI与芸薹属异花授粉、植株色彩、黄籽和抗逆性等性状的关系和开展相关分子育种。     

小麦淀粉合酶基因III片段的克隆及反义和RNA干扰载体的构建

采用RT-PCR方法从小麦品种豫教2号的发育籽粒中克隆出淀粉合酶III基因（starch synthase III, SSIII）部分cDNA片段(509bp) (GenBank No. EF466009),同源性比较结果显示,它与GenBank 上已报道的SSIII基因有高度同源性。以pWM101质粒为基础,构建了由35S启动子调控的SSIII基因的反义表达载体pWM101SSIII;另外,还以pFGC5941质粒为基础,构建了SSIII基因的RNAi干扰载体pFGC5941SSIII,这些载体的构建为研究此基因的功能打下了很好的基础。     

小麦淀粉合酶基因Ⅲ片段的克隆及反义和RNA干扰载体的构建

采用RT-PCR方法从小麦品种豫教2号的发育籽粒中克隆出淀粉合酶Ⅲ基因(starch synthase Ⅲ,SSⅢ)部分cDNA片段(509bp) (GenBank No.EF466009),同源性比较结果显示,它与GenBank 上已报道的SSⅢ基因有高度同源性.以pWM101质粒为基础,构建了由35S启动子调控的SSⅢ基因的反义表达载体pWM101SSⅢA;另外,还以pFGC5941质粒为基础,构建了SSⅢ基因的RNAi干扰载体pFGC5941SSⅢsa,这些载体的构建为研究此基因的功能打下了很好的基础.     

油菜BnCr4基因RNAi载体构建及植株转化

该实验构建了含甘蓝型油菜黄化相关基因BnCr4特异片段反向重复结构的RNA干扰(RNAi)载体pFGC5941-Cr4,通过根癌农杆菌介导转化油菜,获得47株抗Basta的抗性再生油菜植株,其中10株经PCR鉴定为阳性转基因植株.随机选取3株经鉴定的转基因阳性油菜植株进行半定量RT-PCR分析,结果显示,相对于非转基因的野生型油菜,3株转基因植株中BnCr4基因的表达量分别降低了78.5%、8.5%、11.8%,表明该干扰载体转入油菜能特异引起植株BnCr4基因表达量下降.     

芸薹属原花青素跨膜转运蛋白TT12、AHA10基因家族RNA干扰载体的构建

拟南芥TT12和AHA10基因分别编码MATE类型和H+泵类型的跨膜转运蛋白,介导原花青素单体向液泡的转运,对种皮色素的积累起重要作用。甘蓝型油菜是重要的油料作物,但缺乏黄籽基因型,现有黄籽材料表型不稳定,黄籽性状的分子机理不清,缺乏相关的分子育种。克隆了芸薹属TT12和AHA10基因家族的RNA干扰载体片段BTT12I和BA-HA10I,以基于pFGC5941而改造的植物RNA干扰基础载体pFGC5941M为骨架,构建了相应的RNAi载体pFGC5941M-BTT12I(简称pBTT12I)和pFGC5941M-BAHA10I(简称pBAHA10I),通过分子鉴定后转化农杆菌,获得工程菌株,有利于通过基因沉默技术研究TT12和AHA10基因在芸薹属种皮色素跨膜转运中的作用和机理,探索黄籽性状的分子育种。     

砂梨脂氧合酶cDNA片段克隆与RNAi载体构建

以砂梨‘若光’的成熟果实为材料,根据脂氧合酶氨基酸保守区设计1对简并引物,采用RT-PCR克隆到1段长827 bp的序列,经Blast比对和DNAstar软件聚类分析,结果表明由该序列推导出的氨基酸序列含有脂氧合酶氨基酸保守结构域,与马铃薯脂氧合酶基因的氨基酸序列相似性达到77.5%,判断其为砂梨脂氧合酶基因片段,命名为LOX1,并将序列登录到GenBank,登录号为EF215448。根据RNAi载体的构建原则,选择LOX1一开放阅读框设计携带酶切位点的特异引物,通过PCR扩增正、反向基因片段,再与YYT间隔区串连,插入植物表达载体pYF7713中的相应位置,成功地构建了干扰LOX基因表达的RNAi的植物双元表达载体pYL028,为深入研究该基因在砂梨果实成熟过程中的功能及耐贮藏基因工程育种奠定了基础。     

pFGC5941的改造及拟南芥NAC1和SIP1双基因反义表达载体的构建和遗传转化

拟南芥中的SIP1基因编码的蛋白与拟南芥盐胁迫应答中的关键蛋白SOS2存在互作关系,而NAC1为拟南芥中介导生长素信号促进其侧根发生的蛋白。本研究中我们将SIP1基因和NAC1正义基因以及SIP1基因和NAC1反义基因分别整合到一个经改造的具有2个35S启动子的可用于双基因表达的载体pFGC5941S中,构建了两个双基因表达载体pFGC5941S SIP1 NAC1 sense和pFGC5941S SIP1 NAC1 anti。并将这两个载体通过农杆菌介导的方法转化到野生型拟南芥中,共获得15株转基因植株。对这些转基因植株进行盐胁迫实验发现,在含75mmol·L-1 NaCl的MS培养基上,相比于野生型,pFGC5941S SIP1 NAC1 sense转基因植株主根增长,侧根数量明显增多,而pFGC5941S SIP1 NAC1 anti转基因植株长势与野生型苗相似。由此我们推测可能只有当SIP1和NAC1同时过表达时,才会促进盐胁迫下拟南芥侧根的发育。     

pFGC5941的改造及拟南芥NAC1和SIP1双基因反义表达载体的构建和遗传转化

拟南芥中的SIP1基因编码的蛋白与拟南芥盐胁迫应答中的关键蛋白SOS2存在互作关系,而NACl为拟南芥中介导生长素信号促进其侧根发生的蛋白。本研究中我们将SIPl基因和NAC1正义基因以及SIP1基因和NAC1反义基因分别整合到一个经改造的具有2个35S启动子的可用于双基因表达的载体pF—GC5941S中,构建了两个双基因表达载体pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-sense和pFGC5941S-SIP1-NACl-anti。并将这两个载体通过农杆菌介导的方法转化到野生型拟南芥中,共获得15株转基因植株。对这些转基因植株进行盐胁迫实验发现,在含75mnlol·L-1 NaCl的MS培养基上,相比于野生型,pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-sense转基因植株主根增长,侧根数量明显增多,而pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-anti转基因植株长势与野生型苗相似。由此我们推测可能只有当SIP1和NAC1同时过表达时,才会促进盐胁迫下拟南芥侧根的发育。     

Modification of pFGC5941 Construct and Transfer of Double Antisense Genes of NAC1 and SIP1 into Arabidopsis thaliana

SIP1 encodes the protein which show interact with SOS2, the protein involving in plant responding to saline stress while NAC1 encodes the protein which involves in auxin signal and promoting the development of lateral root of Arabidopsis thaliana. In present study SIP1 and NAC1-sense and NAC1-anti were inserted into pFGC5941S constructs, making the expression vectors pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-sense and pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-anti, respectively. Fifteen transgenic A.thaliana harboring these two constructs (pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-sense and pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-anti) were then generated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The phenotypes of homozygous transformants which were grown on MS medium with 75mmol·L-1 NaCl showed that compared with wild-type A.thaliana, pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-sense transgenic plants exhibited longer main root and increasing amounts of lateral roots, while no obvious differences were observed in pFGC5941S-SIP1-NAC1-anti transgenic plants. These results indicated that the development of A.thaliana lateral roots under salt stress was specifically promoted by both overexpression of SIP1 gene and NAC1 gene.     

水稻OsNCED3基因的RNAi载体构建

水稻OsNCED3基因是水稻抗逆过程中重要的基因之一.以水稻中花10号幼苗为材料,提取基因组DNA.设计引物扩增区段cDNA并引入相应的酶切位点,以基因组DNA作为模板,进行RNAi-OsNCED3顺式和反式目的片段的PCR扩增.将PCR产物连接到pMD19-T载体上,经酶切和PCR检测后进行测序.测序结果表明:RNAi-OsNCED3顺式和反式目的片段均已正确的连接到pMD19-T载体上.然后将RNAi-OsNCED3顺式和反式目的片段通过酶切和连接,连接到含有发夹结构的质粒pFGC5941上.PCR及双酶切结果显示,构建的pFGC5941-OsNCED3即RNAi-OsNCED3载体结构完整.     

植物microRNA功能瞬时验证体系的建立简

目的：建立植物microRNA（miRNA）功能的瞬时活体验证体系,并检验该体系的有效性。方法：选用双元表达载体pcAMBIA1200,并插入烟草花叶病毒双35s启动子,以驱动目标miRNA超表达;选用双元表达载体pFGC5941的绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）改造载体用于潜在的靶基因与GFP融合蛋白的超表达,以转入这2种载体的农杆菌侵染烟草叶片,观察GFP融合蛋白的荧光,作为验证miRNA对其潜在靶基因调控作用的瞬时验证体系。选取拟南芥已知功能的miR393及其靶基因A船3,分别构建pcAMBIA1200-35s-miR393和pFGc5941-GFP-AFB3载体,利用农杆菌注射烟草叶片进行2个载体共转化,并以pFGC5941-GFP-AFB3单转化作为对照,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察融合蛋白的表达。结果：只将A朋3导入烟草表皮细胞,可观察到绿色荧光;而将miR393与A期3同时导入烟草表皮细胞后,未能观察到绿色荧光。表明miR393抑制了A朋3的表达。结论：本瞬时表达体系可作为植物miRNA功能的活体瞬时验证体系,为miRNA调控靶基因表达功能提供简单、快速、有效的证据。     

Genetic Instability of an Artificial Palindrom DNA Sequence

Abstract

A short DNA palindrom, produced by head to head ligation of a 29 bp DNA fragment, was inserted into a 27,000 bp plasmid DNA element composed of two functional replicons (R6K, ColE1). Several plasmid types containing a single copy of this palindrom in different locations of insertion on the R6K sequence were obtained.(l) The palindrom was engineered to possess a unique EcoRI recognition sequence at its axis of symmetry. The presence of this restriction site allowed to monitor the genetic stability of the artificial palindrom at their different insertion loci. Out of 5 different insertion locations, one (in pAS807) was found to lead to a significant destabilization of the palindrom. This insertion site lies within the replication control region of R6K. We have shown that the inserted palindrom in pAS807 does not affect the functionality of the R6K replication origins. Excission of the palindrom sequences from pAS807 was not accompanied by loss of the adjacent R6K DNA sequences. Different deletion derivatives of pAS807 were generated in-vitro in order to determine the driving unit of DNA sequences around the palindrom that are involved in its excision. The results imply that large DNA structure(s) around the palindrom are involved in its excission. Complete deletion of R6K sequences from either the left or the right side of the palindrom resulted in new configurations which stabilized the palindrom. A configuration of R6K DNA sequences exceeding 270 bp long sequence from both sides of the palindrom are necessary for the transition from a palindrom stable to palindrom unstable state. In addition evidence is presented to show that the excision process of palindrom sequences requires a functional polymerase I but not the gene product of recA.     

Genetic instability of an artificial palindrom DNA sequence

A short DNA palindrom, produced by head to head ligation of a 29 bp DNA fragment, was inserted into a 27,000 bp plasmid DNA element composed of two functional replicons (R6K, ColE1). Several plasmid types containing a single copy of this palindrom in different locations of insertion on the R6K sequence were obtained. The palindrom was engineered to possess a unique EcoRI recognition sequence at its axis of symmetry. The presence of this restriction site allowed to monitor the genetic stability of the artificial palindrom at their different insertion loci. Out of 5 different insertion locations, one (in pAS807) was found to lead to a significant destabilization of the palindrom. This insertion site lies within the replication control region of R6K. We have shown that the inserted palindrom in pAS8O7 does not affect the functionality of the R6K replication origins. Excission of the palindrom sequences from pAS8O7 was not accompanied by loss of the adjacent R6K DNA sequences. Different deletion derivatives of pAS807 were generated in-vitro in order to determine the driving unit of DNA sequences around the palindrom that are involved in its excision. The results imply that large DNA structure(s) around the palindrom are involved in its excission. Complete deletion of R6K sequences from either the left or the right side of the palindrom resulted in new configurations which stabilized the palindrom. A configuration of R6K DNA sequences exceeding 270 bp long sequence from both sides of the palindrom are necessary for the transition from a palindrom stable to palindrom unstable state. In addition evidence is presented to show that the excision process of palindrom sequences requires a functional polymerase I but not the gene product of recA.