细胞培养物中污染支原体的去除

经小鼠体内、体外加用不同的抗菌素处理及克隆的方法处理细胞污染的支原体,三株细胞经两次、一株细胞经三次处理后,经培养法、ＤＮＡ染色法及ＰＣＲ法检查支原体污染均为阴性,并证明对其抗体分泌没有任何影响,不失为一个理想的去除支原体的方法,从而使有重要应用价值的支原体污染细胞的应用成为可能。     

用Ciprofloxacin去除传代细胞株中的支原体污染的研究

在应用细胞培养手段的生物学研究和生物工程产品中,支原体污染仍是一个非常棘手的问题。对Ｖｅｒｏ和ＳＰ２／０－Ａｇ１４等细胞,应用Ｃｉｐｒｏｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ,１０μｇ／ｍｌ处理１４天,支原体检测全部转阴,经４个月的培养、传代、冻存、复苏,每次支原体检测均保持阴性。对去除了支原体的Ｖｅｒｏ和ＩＳＣ－１１６细胞株,测试了其生长特征和功能,均未见受影响。     

人轮病毒的细胞培养分离及其血清型的鉴定

<正>本轮报导从73份轮状病毒阳性粪便中,用MA-104细胞或非洲绿猴(AGMK)原代细胞培养方法分离到39株人轮状球毒。用噬斑抑制试验和中和试验法鉴定结果可分为4个血清型,其中3个型别以前已报导过。 病毒分离方法,取10％粪便悬液,先经10μg/ml胰酶处理37℃1小时,接种细胞后吸附37℃1小时,洗一次,加入含0.5μg/ml胰酶的MEM,其中含DEAE-dext-     

用微载体悬浮培养大量生产高活性鼠干扰素

用自制的MC-1型微载体进行悬浮培养,当其浓度为5mg/ml时,可较好地用以培养和增殖鼠L929细胞。当接种细胞量为30×10~4/ml左右时,一般在3天即可增殖至1×10~6细胞/ml。用25IU/ml鼠IFN起动12—24小时,用NDV作诱生剂,并采用环己亚胺(20μg/ml)和放线菌素D(2μg/ml)进行超诱导,IFN产量可高达1×10~6IU/ml左右,比活接近1.3×10~5IU/ml蛋白。尽量去除培养基,加胰酶—柠檬酸盐消化和高速搅拌,使细胞从载体上分离,再加新鲜培养基和微载体的方法进行扩大生产看来是可行的。这些实验表明采用微载体悬浮培养细胞的技术将更适于IFN的工业化生产。     

脂多糖对人支气管上皮细胞STAT1、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6表达的影响

目的观察脂多糖对人支气管上皮细胞16HBESTAT1、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6表达的影响。方法采用普通RT—PCR检测16HBE细胞STAT1、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6的mRNA表达;Western印迹检测16HBE细胞STAT1、STAT4、STAT6的蛋白表达。分别采用不同浓度的脂多糖在不同的时间点处理16HBE细胞,采用Real—timePCR的方法检测16HBE细胞STAT1、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6的mRNA表达。结果1μg／m1的LPS处理16HBE细胞1h组、0．25μg／m1的LPS处理16HBE细胞4h组、1μg／ml的LPS处理16HBE细胞4h组STAT1、STAT4的mRNA表达较正常对照组显著增高（P〈0．01）;0．25μg／ml的LPS处理16HBE细胞2h组、1μg／ml的LPS处理16HBE细胞2h组、10μg／ml的LPS处理16HBE细胞2h组STAT1、STAT4的mRNA表达较正常对照组有所增高（P〈0．05）;1μg/ml的LPS处理16HBE细胞1h组STAT6的mRNA表达较正常对照组显著增高（P〈0．01）。所有LPS处理16HBE细胞组STAT3的mRNA表达均较正常对照组减低。结论人支气管上皮细胞表达STAT1、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6的mRNA和STAT1、STAT4、STAT6的蛋白,一定剂量的脂多糖在某些时间点分别刺激了人支气管上皮细胞STAT1、sTAT4、STAT6的mRNA表达。     

一种适合骨髓瘤、杂交瘤细胞生长的无血清培养基

在基础培养液 DME/F12(1:1)中加入10μg/ml 转铁蛋白(T),5μg/ml 胰岛.素(Ⅰ),10μmol/L 乙醇胺(E),10^-9mol/L 亚硒酸钠(S)及1mg/ml 牛血清白蛋白(BSA)等诸种添加剂成分而构成了本试验的无血清培养基,定名为 LDSF.试验表明,LDSF 可取代常规培养基 DMEM(含10—15%胎牛血清),用于骨髓瘤、杂交瘤细胞的长期传代培养,支持杂交瘤细胞稳定、持续地分泌特异单克隆抗体(McAb),并可用于细胞融合、冻存和复苏.     

Xenorhabdus和Photorhabdus代谢产物体外抗肿瘤活性

用8株昆虫病原线虫共生菌(Xenorhabdus属和Photorhabdus属)的发酵液进行了体外抗肿瘤活性的研究,从中筛选出活性较高的菌株一嗜线虫致病杆菌(Xenorhabdus nematophila CB6)。经有机溶剂萃取和硅胶柱层析对嗜线虫致病杆菌发酵液进行进一步分离,得到5个组分。用MTT法测定体外杀肿瘤细胞作用,发现其中2个组分具有抗肿瘤活性。组分3对HepG2、Hela、BGC-823、A-549、K562和HT-29的IC50分别等于3．1μg／ml、8．5μg／ml、2．1μg／ml、3．0μg／ml、4．4μg／ml和1．5μg／ml;组分5对HepG2、Hela、BGC-823、A-549、K562和HT-29的IC50分别等于0．1μg／ml、1．8μg／ml、0．1μg／ml、0．4μg／ml、1．2μg／ml和0．6μg／ml。同时发现抗肿瘤活性组分对正常人肺成纤维细胞MRC-5和正常人肝细胞L-02生长的影响很小。该研究在国内率先报道了嗜线虫致病杆菌发酵液具有较强抗肿瘤活性,为新药物的研制和开发提供了一条崭新的途径。     

阿魏酸钠对人动脉平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞作用的机制研究

目的:研究阿魏酸钠(SF)对人主动脉平滑肌(HASMC)和内皮细胞(HAEC)的影响,探讨SF成为抑制支架内再狭窄药物的机制。方法:HASMC和HAEC经SF处理后(0-1000μg/ml),用CCK-8试剂和划痕愈合试验检测不同药物浓度对两种生长和细胞迁移能力的影响;采用免疫细胞化学和Western blot检测HAECs中FoxM1和VEGF的表达。结果:SF对两种细胞的作用呈剂量依赖性,SF在10-1000μg/ml浓度时,HASMC的生长活力明显降低,在0.1-100μg/mlHAECs生长活力显著增强(P0.05)。在1-1000μg/ml浓度下HASMCs迁移能力受到抑制,HAECs的迁移能力明显增加(0.1-100μg/ml)(P0.05)。同时HAECs内FoxM1和VEGF表达明显增高(P0.05),程度与SF浓度有剂量依赖关系。结论:阿魏酸钠能抑制血管平滑肌的增值和迁移;同时增加内皮细胞FoxM1和VEGF的表达,促进内皮细胞的增值和迁移,这些特征使其可能成为抑制支架内再狭窄的药物。     

狗尾草总DNA的提取与纯化研究

狗尾草杂草中富含多糖和酚类物质,而用已报道的提取方法均难得到高纯度DNA。为此,对提取植物DNA的SDS法进行了改进。用4．5ml细胞提取液,1．0ml饱和NaAc溶液,0．10倍样液体积的无水乙醇,氯仿／异戊醇溶液与样液体积比为0．80,与样液等体积的酚／氯仿／异戊醇溶液(28：21：1)和异丙醇,在65℃水浴加热60min,可从1．0g狗尾草中提取780μg纯DNA。     

胡萝卜苷抑制HepG-2细胞增殖和迁移及拓扑异构酶表达

目的探讨胡萝卜苷对HepG2细胞增殖、迁移及DNA拓扑异构酶(topoisomerase,TOPO)Ⅰ和Ⅱ表达的影响。方法体外培养人肝癌HepG2细胞。CCK-8实验观察不同浓度(200μg/ml、150μg/ml、100μg/ml和50μg/ml)胡萝卜苷对HepG2细胞增殖的影响。qRT-PCR实验观察200μg/ml胡萝卜苷对HepG2细胞TOPOⅠ和TOPOⅡmRNA表达的影响。Transwell小室模型检测200μg/ml胡萝卜苷对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。结果胡萝卜苷对HepG2细胞增殖有明显抑制作用,并在一定范围内(0μg/ml~200μg/ml)呈现浓度依赖性。与未用胡萝卜苷处理的HepG2比较,经200μg/ml胡萝卜苷作用的HepG2细胞穿越基膜的数量显著减少,TOPOⅠ和TOPOⅡmRNA相对表达量显著降低。结论胡萝卜苷可能通过下调TOPOⅠ、TOPOⅡ基因表达而抑制HepG2细胞增殖,并具有抑制HepG2细胞迁移的能力。     

Elimination of mycoplasmas from cell cultures and establishment of mycoplasma-free cell lines

Several antibiotics were examined for their potential to eliminate mycoplasmas from contaminated cell cultures. Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma arginini, Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Mycoplasma orale were effectively eliminated from experimentally contaminated mouse fibroblasts and mink epithelial cells by the use of the antibiotics minocycline and tiamutin. An elimination procedure was established, which involved the consecutive treatment of the cultures over a period of 3 weeks, followed by cell cloning. This procedure was effective when applied to cell lines which had been contaminated with unidentified and partially non-cultivable strains of mycoplasmas.     

Detection and control of occult mycoplasma contamination in human tumor cell lines

Summary Mycoplasma contamination of established cell lines is a well-known but often poorly controlled artefactual problem in immunological studies of human tumor cell lines. We have evaluated four methods for detecting mycoplasmas in cell lines, namely direct culture, DNA staining, uridine phosphorylase assay, and a fourth technique based on our finding that the supernatant medium of mycoplasma-infected cell cultures inhibits thymidine uptake of mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. In our hands the simplest, most reliable, and least expensive means of monitoring cell cultures for mycoplasma proved to be DNA staining. The uridine phosphorylase assay was unsuitable for use with melanoma cell lines, as six of eight lines that were negative with the other three techniques were positive with this assay.Of 14 contaminated cell lines injected to nude mice, eitht produced tumors, five of which were shown to be mycoplasma-free after one to five passages, confirming the usefulness of this approach for salvaging contaminated cell lines.     

Elimination of mycoplasmas from cultured human cell lines utilizing a combination of two antibiotics, quinolone and a pleuromutilin derivative

Forty three cultured human cell lines were treated with a combination of 2 antibiotics to eliminate contaminant mycoplasmas. One course of treatment was composed of consecutive 3 or 4 cycles. Each cycle grew cells in BM-1 (pleuromutilin derivative; Boehringer Mannheim) containing medium (10 micrograms BM-1/ml culture) for 3 days, alternating with MC-210 (quinolone; Dainihon Pharmaceutical) containing medium (0.625 micrograms MC-210/ml culture) for 4 days. No treatment failure was encountered with this procedure. Before treatments, 18 (90%) of 20 cell line samples were contaminated with mycoplasma, as tested by DNA hybridization method (MYCOPLASMA T.C. RAPID DETECTION SYSTEM; Gen-Probe Inc.). Out of 43 cell lines treated, 7 were reduced in growth and dropped out. Among the other 36 cell lines, 27 became negative, 5 borderline and 4 slightly positive to the mycoplasma detection. All of the latter 9 cell lines, treated with one more similar course, found to be free from mycoplasma. Six of the dropout lines were cured of mycoplasma by a second treatment, under modified culture conditions. The last cell line (NATO) was successfully treated with another lot of FCS. Thus, the procedure proved successful even in treating promiscuously infected cell lines.     

Genetic Profiling Reveals Cross-Contamination and Misidentification of 6 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Cell Lines: ACC2, ACC3, ACCM,ACCNS, ACCS and CAC2

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands. Most patients survive more than 5 years after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. The 10 year survival rate, however, drops to 40%, due to locoregional recurrences and distant metastases. Improving long-term survival in ACC requires the development of more effective systemic therapies based on a better understanding of the biologic behavior of ACC. Much preclinical research in this field involves the use of cultured cells and, to date, several ACC cell lines have been established. Authentication of these cell lines, however, has not been reported. We performed DNA fingerprint analysis on six ACC cell lines using short tandem repeat (STR) examinations and found that all six cell lines had been contaminated with other cells. ACC2, ACC3, and ACCM were determined to be cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells), whereas the ACCS cell line was composed of T24 urinary bladder cancer cells. ACCNS and CAC2 cells were contaminated with cells derived from non-human mammalian species: the cells labeled ACCNS were mouse cells and the CAC2 cells were rat cells. These observations suggest that future studies using ACC cell lines should include cell line authentication to avoid the use of contaminated or non-human cells.     

Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from retail fresh meats and poultry.

A total of 896 samples of retail fresh meats and poultry was assayed for Escherichia coli serogroup O157:H7 by a hydrophobic grid membrane filter-immunoblot procedure developed specifically to isolate the organism from foods. The procedure involves several steps, including selective enrichment, filtration of enrichment culture through hydrophobic grid membrane filters, incubation of each filter on nitrocellulose paper on selective agar, preparation of an immunoblot (by using antiserum to E. coli O157:H7 culture filtrate) of each nitrocellulose paper, selection from the filters of colonies which corresponded to immunopositive sites on blots, screening of isolates by a Biken test for precipitin lines from metabolites and antiserum to E. coli O157:H7 culture filtrate, and confirmation of isolates as Vero cell cytotoxic E. coli O157:H7 by biochemical, serological, and Vero cell cytotoxicity tests. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 6 (3.7%) of 164 beef, 4 (1.5%) of 264 pork, 4 (1.5%) of 263 poultry, and 4 (2.0%) of 205 lamb samples. One of 14 pork samples and 5 of 17 beef samples contaminated with the organism were from Calgary, Alberta, Canada, grocery stores, whereas all other contaminated samples were from Madison, Wis., retail outlets. This is the first report of the isolation of E. coli O157:H7 from food other than ground beef, and results indicate that the organism is not a rare contaminant of fresh meats and poultry.     

Virus contaminations of cell cultures – A biotechnological view

In contrast to contamination by microbes and mycoplasma, which can be relatively easily detected, viral contamination present a serious threat because of the difficulty in detecting some viruses and the lack of effective methods of treating infected cell cultures. While some viruses are capable of causing morphological changes to infected cells (e.g. cytopathic effect) which are detectable by microscopy some viral contaminations result in the integration of the viral genome as provirus, this causes no visual evidence, by means of modification of the cellular morphology. Virus production from such cell lines, are potentially dangerous for other cell cultures (in research labs)by cross contaminations, or for operators and patients (in the case of the production of injectable biologicals) because of potential infection. The only way to keep cell cultures for research, development, and the biotech industry virus-free is the prevention of such contaminations. Cell cultures can become contaminated by the following means: firstly, they may already be contaminated as primary cultures (because the source of the cells was already infected), secondly, they were contaminated due to the use of contaminated raw materials, or thirdly, they were contaminated via an animal passage. This overview describes the problems and risks associated with viral contaminations in animal cell culture, describes the origins of these contaminations as well as the most important virsuses associated with viral contaminations in cell culture. In addition, ways to prevent viral contaminations as well as measures undertaken to avoid and assess risks for viral contaminations as performed in the biotech industry are briefly described. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Cell lines authentication and <Emphasis Type="Italic">mycoplasma</Emphasis> detection as minimun quality control of cell lines in biobanking

Establishment of continuous cell lines from human normal and tumor tissues is an extended and useful methodology for molecular characterization of cancer pathophysiology and drug development in research laboratories. The exchange of these cell lines between different labs is a common practice that can compromise assays reliability due to contamination with microorganism such as mycoplasma or cells from different flasks that compromise experiment reproducibility and reliability. Great proportions of cell lines are contaminated with mycoplasma and/or are replaced by cells derived for a different origin during processing or distribution process. The scientific community has underestimated this problem and thousand of research experiment has been done with cell lines that are incorrectly identified and wrong scientific conclusions have been published. Regular contamination and authentication tests are necessary in order to avoid negative consequences of widespread misidentified and contaminated cell lines. Cell banks generate, store and distribute cell lines for research, being mandatory a consistent and continuous quality program. Methods implementation for guaranteeing both, the absence of mycoplasma and authentication in the supplied cell lines, has been performed in the Andalusian Health System Biobank. Specifically, precise results were obtained using real time PCR detection for mycoplasma and 10 STRs identification by capillary electrophoresis for cell line authentication. Advantages and disadvantages of these protocols are discussed.