大孔吸附树脂分离纯化番石榴叶总黄酮的研究

考察大孔吸附树脂吸附分离番石榴叶总黄酮的工艺条件.以静态饱和吸附量、静态洗脱率、动态饱和吸附量、动态洗脱率为考察指标,比较了D101、AB-8两种大孔树脂分离纯化番石榴叶总黄酮的优劣.又以总黄酮回收率为指标,对最佳树脂吸附工艺参数进行了研究.在考察的2种树脂中,AB-8型树脂最适于番石榴叶总黄酮的分离纯化,其工艺条件为:4倍树脂体积50%乙醇洗脱,速度2mL/min.树脂可重复使用4次.其平均总黄酮回收率为87.47%.所得总黄酮纯度为74.03%     

AB-8大孔树脂纯化欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮的研究

目的:对AB-8大孔吸附树脂对欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮的纯化工艺条件进行了系统的研究。方法:采用静态和动态的吸附-解吸实验,利用紫外可见分光光度计测量欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮的含量,研究不同的工艺条件对总黄酮纯化的影响。结果:AB-8大孔树脂对欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮的饱和吸附量是25.53mg/g,洗脱率达到98.3%,提取液的pH值对树脂的吸附能力有很大的影响,当pH值为4.08(原液pH值)时树脂吸附能力达到最大。采用0.5mg/mL流速上样,1.2BV 30%和1BV 50%乙醇1.0 mg/mL流速洗脱可较好的分离纯化欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮。结论:AB-8大孔树脂是欧洲鳞毛蕨总黄酮纯化的理想吸附剂。     

大孔吸附树脂对海边月见草总黄酮的吸附及解吸特性

通过比较3种大孔吸附树脂对海边月见草(O enothera littaralisSchlect.)总黄酮的吸附能力,选择了吸附量较大且易洗脱的树脂AB-8,研究了提取液浓度、pH值对该树脂静态吸附能力的影响,以及洗脱剂种类、乙醇浓度对动态解吸能力的影响。结果表明,AB-8树脂对海边月见草总黄酮有良好的吸附纯化性能,当原液浓度为1.076mg.mL-1时,树脂达饱和吸附量36.11 mg.g-1;提取液pH值对该树脂的吸附能力影响显著,pH值达4.0~4.5时树脂吸附量最大;用60%乙醇为洗脱剂,流速为1 mL.m in-1,总黄酮的动态洗脱率达83.41%,获得的总黄酮纯度为24.13%,得率3.54%;而30%乙醇(6倍柱床体积)和50%乙醇(6倍柱床体积)组合是最佳动态洗脱剂。     

大孔树脂分离纯化有柄石韦总黄酮的工艺优化

以总黄酮解吸率和滤液中总黄酮含量为指标,通过正交实验设计优选大孔树脂分离纯化有柄石韦总黄酮的最佳工艺。结果表明,D-101型大孔树脂分离纯化总黄酮的优选工艺条件为：上样液质量浓度0.5 mg·mL^-1,pH为6,洗脱剂乙醇浓度为50%,洗脱速率2 mL·min^-1。该优化方法稳定可行,结果可靠,提取的滤液中总黄酮含量达76.40%。     

AB-8大孔树脂吸附分离红花桑寄生总黄酮的影响因子研究

AB-8大孔吸附树脂对红花桑寄生总黄酮静态吸附和动态洗脱的效果,受提取液质量浓度、pH值及环境温度、振速以及洗脱剂乙醇浓度、流速等因素影响。试验表明,提取液质量浓度和pH值对AB-8树脂的吸附效果有显著影响,其吸附分离总黄酮的工艺条件为:浓度为1.2~2.0 mg/ml、pH 3.0~4.0的红花桑寄生提取液,置于摇床上,于室温条件下振荡(振速160 r/min)吸附2~3 h,然后用5倍于树脂体积(5BV)的50%乙醇以1.5 ml/min流速进行柱上动态解吸。AB-8树脂对红花桑寄生总黄酮的饱和吸附量可达29.0 mg/g,动态洗脱率达95.0%,获得产品中黄酮纯度为46.0%,得率为5.5%。     

甜叶菊渣中总黄酮的纯化工艺研究

以甜叶菊渣为原料,采用大孔树脂吸附和溶剂萃取法相结合的方法,得到90％以上纯度的总黄酮.通过对大孔树脂及溶剂萃取法的各影响因素进行研究,确定纯化甜叶菊渣中总黄酮的最佳工艺条件:AB-8型大孔树脂吸附流速为2 mL/min、上样液质量浓度1.5 mg/mL、上样液pH值为3.5、上样量4 BV,解吸液为50％乙醇溶液、解吸量5 BV、解吸流速为1.5 mL/min.优化后的甜叶菊总黄酮平均纯度为50.11％.后经乙酸乙酯在常温条件下萃取5次,得到甜叶菊渣中总黄酮纯度为91.8％.结果表明:通过AB-8型大孔吸附树脂和乙酸乙酯萃取相结合的方法,可以很好地纯化甜叶菊总黄酮.     

大孔吸附树脂纯化无柄金丝桃茎部总黄酮工艺研究

通过静态吸附筛选纯化无柄金丝桃茎部总黄酮的最佳树脂,并利用静态吸附解吸动力学确定纯化无柄金丝桃茎部总黄酮的工艺参数。实验结果显示AB8大孔吸附树脂为纯化总黄酮的最佳树脂。最佳工艺参数为:上样液浓度为1.30 mg/m L,体积为60 m L,p H=4.0,流速为1.00 m L/min,树脂柱径高比为1∶10,70%乙醇溶液(p H=7.0)为洗脱剂。经AB8树脂纯化,无柄金丝桃茎部总黄酮的纯度由30.26%提高到了55.70%,AB8大孔吸附树脂纯化无柄金丝桃茎部的总黄酮效果明显,其工艺参数简单可行。     

大孔树脂分离纯化辣椒叶总黄酮的工艺研究

目的:筛选适合分离纯化辣椒叶总黄酮的一种大孔树脂,同时用响应面法进行优化得到最佳纯化工艺。方法:采用热回流法提取辣椒叶总黄酮,以吸附率和解吸率为考察指标,考察6种不同型号的大孔树脂(HPD100、HPD450、HPD600、HPD826、D101、AB-8)对辣椒叶总黄酮的吸附能力与解吸能力,确定最佳树脂。通过动态吸附解吸实验考察此树脂对辣椒叶总黄酮的最佳分离纯化工艺。结果:通过对辣椒叶总黄酮吸附分离性能的分析显示HPD600为最佳树脂,最优工艺为:上样浓度为10 mg/mL,上样量为10 mL,洗脱体积为4 BV,洗脱液流速为4 mL/min,洗脱液pH为7,依次用水、10%、30%乙醇冲洗树脂柱,50%乙醇为洗脱液。纯化后的黄酮纯度435.4 mg/g。结论:该方法简便,操作简单,对辣椒叶总黄酮的纯化效果较好。     

桑椹中黄酮类物质的大孔树脂纯化工艺

以桑椹中黄酮类物质的吸附量和解吸率为指标,对比分析HZ-801、HZ-816、HZ-818等12种大孔吸附树脂对桑椹提取液的分离纯化效果,优选出最佳树脂HZ-801并通过对上样液pH、上样液质量浓度、上样量、吸附流速、洗脱剂质量浓度、洗脱剂用量、洗脱流速等影响因素的考察,确定最优工艺:吸附阶段上样液pH=4,上样液质量浓度0.45mg/mL,上样量420mL,吸附流速120mL/h,动态吸附量(干树脂)25.34mg/g,吸附率84.25%;洗脱阶段的洗脱剂体积分数为60%乙醇,洗脱剂用量270mL,洗脱流速120mL/h。此优化工艺条件下的洗脱率为85.78%,总黄酮纯度从23.64%提高到82.36%。     

大孔树脂分离纯化“黑金刚”紫马铃薯花青苷工艺研究

以紫色马铃薯"黑金刚"花青苷为原料,采用D101、HDP100A、HDP450A、NK-9、AB-8五种大孔吸附树脂对花青苷的吸附与解析特性进行了比较研究,并在此基础上,采用最佳大孔树脂对花青苷纯化过程中的静态、动态吸附和解析附条件进行了优化研究。结果表明AB-8大孔树脂具有较好的吸附和解析能力,是纯化紫色马铃薯花青苷的最佳树脂,较优纯化条件为:上样液花青苷浓度为0.028mg.g-1,上样液pH=2,洗脱液乙醇浓度为50%,洗脱液pH=1,吸附流速为1mL.min-1,洗脱流速为1mL.min-1。经大孔树脂纯化后,色价值比纯化前提高了7.55倍。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.