急性出血性结膜炎流行后居民中柯萨奇病毒A24变种抗体水平的变化

由柯萨奇病毒A24变种(CA24v)引起的急性出血性结膜炎(AHC)在沙市出现首次流行后半年与1年(即1989年春、秋季),从城市居民中采集了423份血清,用微量中和试验作了CA24v中和抗体与特异性IgM的检测。春季中和抗体阳性率为37.9％,特异性IgM阳性率为3.3％;秋季为48.8％与6.7％,并从感冒样病人中分离到1株CA24v,提示1989年秋季又有一次CA24v的传播过程。在年龄分布上,秋季中各年龄组抗体阳性率已无明显差异,提示经一年多的传播扩散,各年龄组的免疫水平已趋于接近,达到50％左右,并预测近期内本地将不会有CA24v引起的AHC流行。     

出血热病毒株的分型和抗原性比较的进一步研究

本工作进一步对分离自不同来源的14株出血热病毒用空斑减少中和试验(PRNT)方法进行了分型。以不同株的家兔免疫血清对国际上血清Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型参考毒株进行试验,除分离自褐家鼠的K_(24)-株外,其余13株均可定为血清Ⅰ型或血清Ⅱ型用已知的Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型出血热高价免疫血清与K_(24)株进行中和试验,根据两型免疫血清的中和效价则可将K_(24)株定为血清Ⅱ型,但是K_(24)株免疫血清对6株Ⅰ型病毒和4株Ⅱ型病毒的中和效价几乎相同(相差≤2倍),表明K_(24)株是一株具有广谱中和抗原的出血热病毒。     

1975年上海市郊流行性肌痛(胸痛)的病原学调查

1975年7—9月上海嘉定县和宝山县部分地区发生流行性肌痛(胸痛)暴发流行。从34例患者的肛拭、咽喉洗液和粪便标本中分离到26株柯萨奇(cox)B。病毒。9例患者的双份血清和3例患者的恢复期血清与新分离病毒的代表株(沪肌痛75—9)作了中和试验,结果袭明,9例患者的恢复期血清中和抗体滴度较急性期有四倍或四倍以上的增长,恢复期血清中和抗体几何均值比急性期高42倍,从而肯定造成本次流行的病原体是coxB。病毒。     

肠道病毒68型新型中和试验方法的建立及其初步应用

针对肠道病毒68型(EV-D68)建立一种新型快速、高效的中和试验方法,并初步评价其在EV-D68流行病学研究中的应用价值。以灭活EV-D68病毒免疫Balb/c小鼠,利用杂交瘤技术制备其单克隆抗体;筛选反应性好、特异性强的抗EV-D68单克隆抗体作为检测抗体,基于酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISPOT)建立EV-D68高效中和试验方法;进一步比较该方法与传统中和试验方法 Nt-CPE的一致性,并使用该方法对临床血清样本进行检测。共获得10株分泌抗EV-D68单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,选取一株性能最优的15C5进行生产纯化,鉴定其为IgG3亚型;以15C5为检测抗体,建立了快速检测EV-D68中和抗体的Nt-ELISPOT方法;与Nt-CPE方法比较,Nt-ELISPOT方法将检测时间由5~7d缩短至1d以内,并且两种方法检测结果一致性良好;应用所建立的Nt-ELISPOT方法对厦门地区146份人群血清样本进行检测,显示血清样本EV-D68中和抗体阳性率为98.6%(144/146),提示厦门地区可能存在过EV-D68的流行。本研究基于ELISPOT建立的新型EV-D68中和试验方法快速可靠,适合通量检测,可以应用于EV-D68中和抗体水平的血清学调查,为EV-D68感染的防控工作提供帮助。     

肠道病毒71型北京分离株VP4基因序列及蛋白抗原性分析

为探讨肠道病毒71型(EV71)VP4基因序列与手足口病(HFMD)不同临床类型之间的关系,分析重组蛋白EV71 VP4的抗原性,并初步探讨其与柯萨奇病毒A16(CA16)重组蛋白VP4是否存在交叉反应性,对2007~2009年从北京患HFMD儿童标本分离到的10株EV71的VP4基因进行克隆测序,运用生物学软件对测序结果进行比较分析,并选择其中1株与1株同期分离的CA16的VP4分别进行原核表达;用表达产物对189份正常体检的成人及来首都儿科研究所就医的非HFMD患儿血清中的IgG进行Western Blot检测,并分析14份确诊为EV71感染和12份CA16感染患者急性期血清中的IgM抗体。分析表明这10株EV71 VP4基因核苷酸同源性为94.20%~100.00%,所推导的氨基酸序列则完全相同,从重症与轻症患儿分离的毒株之间VP4的核苷酸序列未见一致性的差异,基于EV71 VP4基因核苷酸序列的进化树分析表明2007~2009年北京地区所流行的毒株均属于C4亚型;本研究中EV71和CA16的VP4核苷酸序列的同源性为69.60%,所推导的氨基酸序列的同源性为78.60%,在运用Western Blot检测189份血清中的VP4特异性IgG时,EV71 VP4的血清阳性率为38.10%,说明其具有良好的抗原性,CA16 VP4的血清阳性率为58.20%,两者差别具有显著统计学意义(2χ=15.30,P<0.01),提示EV71 VP4与CA16 VP4没有交叉反应性;在用表达的VP4检测已确诊为相应病毒的特异性IgM时,两者皆为阴性,提示感染后机体对VP1和VP4产生不同的反应。     

2010年浙江省部分地区急性出血性 结膜炎暴发疫情病原学研究

为查明引起2010年浙江省急性出血性结膜炎(AHC)暴发疫情的病因,并对病原进行分子溯源。本研究采用荧光RT-PCR方法直接从患者眼拭子样本中检测肠道病毒(EV)和柯萨奇病毒A24变异株(CA24v)核酸;用Hep-2细胞分离病毒,对阳性分离物提取病毒核酸后进行VP1全基因和3C蛋白酶区(3C)扩增和测序,同源性与进化分析。结果13份眼拭子样本中EV和CA24v核酸均阳性8份,分离到CA24v6株。选取4株病毒测序,获得VP1全长均为915个核苷酸(nt),3C区全长495nt,VP1和3C区均没有nt插入和缺失。2010年浙江4株CA24v分离株之间在3C区和VP1区核苷酸和氨基酸(aa)高度同源,2010年浙江CA24v分离株与原型株EH24/70在3C区的nt和aa同源性分别为85.2%～85.8%和96.2%～96.7%,与2002～2008年浙江、云南和广东CA24v株的同源性分别为93.4%～96.2%和96.7%～99.3%;浙江2010年CA24v株在3C区进化树的GⅣ基因亚型C4分枝上(GⅣ-C4),在VP1基因进化树的人类肠道病毒C组(EV-C)CA24v分枝上。研究表明引起2010年浙江省急性出血性结膜炎暴发流行的病原为CA24v,GⅣ基因亚型,与引起2002～2008年浙江AHC流行的CA24v株(GⅣ)具有密切的亲缘关系,推测CA24v病毒自2002年以来一直在本地低强度循环,2010年又导致了浙江AHC的暴发。     

P53、PCNA、CA724、胃泌素17 及幽门螺杆菌抗体联合检测在萎缩性胃炎与早期胃癌鉴别中的应用价值

目的探讨P53、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、糖类抗原724(CA724)、胃泌素17(G-17)及幽门螺杆菌(HP-IgG)抗体联合检测在萎缩性胃炎与早期胃癌鉴别中的应用价值。方法选取2017年11月至2018年11月在湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学第一附属医院)消化科行胃镜检查的186例患者作为研究对象,根据病理诊断结果分为正常对照组(50例),萎缩性胃炎组(76例),胃癌组(60例)。采用免疫组化检测P53、PCNA的表达情况;采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测血清CA724水平;采用酶联免疫法检测血清G-17水平;采用胶体金法定性检测HP-IgG抗体表达。分析各指标对萎缩性胃炎与早期胃癌鉴别的价值。结果胃癌组患者P53、PCNA阳性率高于萎缩性胃炎组和对照组(均P0.05)。胃癌组、萎缩性胃炎组患者HP-IgG阳性率明显高于对照组(均P0.05),同时胃癌组HP-IgG阳性率高于萎缩性胃炎组(均P0.05)。胃癌组患者血清CA724水平明显高于对照组和萎缩性胃炎组(P0.05)。胃癌组患者血清G-17水平高于萎缩性胃炎组和对照组(均P0.05),同时萎缩性胃炎组血清G-17水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。HP-IgG抗体阳性患者P53、PCNA阳性率以及血清CA724、G-17水平均高于HP-IgG抗体阴性患者(均P0.05)。CA724预测胃癌的AUC为0.815,截断值为33.57 U/mL,灵敏度为70.00%,特异性为83.33%。G-17预测胃癌的AUC为0.847,截断值为15.36 U/mL,灵敏度为80.00%,特异性为85.71%。各指标联合检测胃癌的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度均高于单指标检测。结论胃癌患者P53、PCNA、HP-IgG抗体阳性率较高,血清CA724、G-17水平升高,而萎缩性胃炎患者血清G-17水平降低,可作为萎缩性胃炎与早期胃癌的鉴别指标。各指标联合检测可提高对胃癌的诊断价值。     

利用报告基因的人7型腺病毒中和抗体检测方法的建立

目的:构建表达萤光素酶报告基因的重组人7型腺病毒(HAdV7)Ad7-dE1-dE3-Luc(Ad7-Luc)病毒,用于检测人群中HAdV7的中和抗体水平。方法:利用同源重组方法构建E1区和E3区部分缺失,并在E1区嵌入萤光素酶基因表达框的pAd7-Luc重组质粒,转染HEK-293细胞,包装出能够表达萤火虫萤光素酶的Ad7载体重组病毒(Ad7-Luc);选取HAdV7阳性血清样本对新建立的报告基因检测方法的准确性和稳定性进行验证;最后,利用该方法对北京地区60份血清样本进行HAdV7中和抗体检测。结果:获得能够表达萤火虫萤光素酶的Ad7-Luc重组病毒,病毒滴度可达4.85×10~8IFU/mL,Ad7-Luc检测法与传统细胞病变效应(CPE)法具有很好的一致性(R~2=0.8612,P0.0001),批内和批间差异分别在10%和20%以内。北京地区60例血清样本的检测结果显示,HAdV7血清阳性率约为60%(36/60),明显低于HAdV5血清阳性率75%(45/60),75%的HAdV7阳性血清中和抗体滴度集中于低滴度水平(12～200)。结论:与传统的细胞病变方法相比,HAdV7中和抗体报告基因检测方法更快速、灵敏、准确,适用于人群中HAdV7血清流行病学调查及其疫苗的中和抗体研究。     

日冕病毒的分离鉴定与血清学调查

本文介绍1971年12月由昆明地区感冒患者分出的一株日冕病毒。经交叉中和反应发现,该毒株与国外报导的229 E株有密切抗原关系,但又有一定区别。对昆明与贵阳两个地区人群血清中和试验调查结果指出,血清中和抗体1：2以上阳性率者达29％,并且成人比儿童感染广泛。     

1996年延边地区无菌性脑膜脑炎病因病毒的分离及初步鉴定

吉林省延边地区１９９６年６月发生无菌性脑膜脑炎流行,在全地区２１６万人口中,发病人数约５￣６千人,死亡２人,为历史上所罕见。从病人脑脊液和粪便标本中分离到多株病毒,分离率较高（分别达到５２．４％￣６６．７％）。用ＷＨＯ提供的ＲＩＶＭ肠道病毒组合血清进行中和定型,不能确定型别。ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ结果表明为肠道病毒。病人早期血清特异性ＩｇＭ抗性阳性率７２．０％,证明所分离的病毒为此次无菌性脑膜脑炎暴发流行的     

Synthesis of sterols oxygenated in the terminal fragment of their side chains

Methods of stereoselective synthesis of oxysterols are considered by the examples of (25R)-26-hydroxycholesterol, (24S)-24,25-epoxycholesterol, and (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol containing functional groups in the terminal fragments of their side chain. Special attention is paid to the problems of construction of chiral centers C24 and C25.     

埃博拉病毒(EBOV)蛋白的最新研究进展

埃博拉病毒(EBOV)是一种高致死性的病毒,在其RNA编码的7种蛋白中,糖蛋白GP、基质蛋白VP40以及膜蛋白VP24在病毒粒子的装配、出芽以及致病过程中起着关键的作用。详细介绍了这三种蛋白的结构、功能以及作用机制的最新研究进展,并对EBOV蛋白的研究前景作出了展望。     

Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells expressing IL-24 induce apoptosis in gliomas

Although much progress has been made in the treatment of gliomas, the prognosis for patients with gliomas is still very poor. Stem cell-based therapies may be promising options for glioma treatment. Recently, many studies have reported that umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (UC-MSCs) are ideal gene vehicles for tumor gene therapy. Interleukin 24 (IL-24) is a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine that has an apoptotic effect on many kinds of tumor cells and can inhibit the growth of tumors specifically without damaging normal cells. In this study, we investigated UC-MSCs as a vehicle for the targeted delivery of IL-24 to tumor sites. UC-MSCs were transduced with lentiviral vectors carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) or IL-24 complementary DNA. The results indicated that UC-MSCs could selectively migrate to glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Injection of IL-24-UC-MSCs significantly suppressed tumor growth of glioma xenografts. The restrictive efficacy of IL-24-UC-MSCs was associated with the inhibition of proliferation as well as the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. These findings indicate that UC-MSC-based IL-24 gene therapy may be able to suppress the growth of glioma xenografts, thereby suggesting possible future therapeutic use in the treatment of gliomas.     

Triterpene alcohols in the seeds of two Cucumis species of cucurbitaceae

Isomultiflorenol was the major component accompanied by its Δ¹⁷-isomer, multiflorenol, in the triterpene alcohol fractions of the unsaponifiable     

C24(28)-甾醇还原酶参与粗糙脉孢菌极性生长及早期发育

麦角甾醇是真菌细胞膜的主要固醇类物质,其生物合成是一个复杂的酶促反应过程, 其中C24(28)-甾醇还原酶是麦角甾醇合成途径中的关键酶,对C24(28)-甾醇还原酶功能的研究有助于阐明麦角甾醇对真菌极性生长的影响.本文对粗糙脉胞菌C24(28)-甾醇还原酶蛋白（Erg-2基因编码）序列的同源性分析表明,在子囊菌门的3个物种中,C24(28)-甾醇还原酶具有很高的保守性.根据同源重组基因敲除原理,通过电转化、分生孢子过膜以及PCR鉴定的方法获得了Erg-2基因缺失突变株（Erg-2KO）,进一步利用斜面生长法并结合细胞壁染色进行突变株表型分析发现,与野生型相比,Erg-2KO(Ku70RIP背景)在生长初期菌丝生长缓慢,而后期与野生型无显著差异.这些结果表明,C24(28)-甾醇还原酶对N. crassa早期的生长和发育至关重要.     

Role of HRTPT in kidney proximal epithelial cell regeneration: Integrative differential expression and pathway analyses using microarray and scRNA-seq

Damage to proximal tubules due to exposure to toxicants can lead to conditions such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ultimately end-stage renal failure (ESRF). Studies have shown that kidney proximal epithelial cells can regenerate particularly after acute injury. In the previous study, we utilized an immortalized in vitro model of human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells, RPTEC/TERT1, to isolate HRTPT cell line that co-expresses stem cell markers CD133 and CD24, and HREC24T cell line that expresses only CD24. HRTPT cells showed most of the key characteristics of stem/progenitor cells; however, HREC24T cells did not show any of these characteristics. The goal of this study was to further characterize and understand the global gene expression differences, upregulated pathways and gene interaction using scRNA-seq in HRTPT cells. Affymetrix microarray analysis identified common gene sets and pathways specific to HRTPT and HREC24T cells analysed using DAVID, Reactome and Ingenuity software. Gene sets of HRTPT cells, in comparison with publicly available data set for CD133+ infant kidney, urine-derived renal progenitor cells and human kidney-derived epithelial proximal tubule cells showed substantial similarity in organization and interactions of the apical membrane. Single-cell analysis of HRTPT cells identified unique gene clusters associated with CD133 and the 92 common gene sets from three data sets. In conclusion, the gene expression analysis identified a unique gene set for HRTPT cells and narrowed the co-expressed gene set compared with other human renal–derived cell lines expressing CD133, which may provide deeper understanding in their role as progenitor/stem cells that participate in renal repair.     

Codisterol and other Δ5-sterols in the seeds of Cucurbita maxima

A substantial amount (ca 18%) of the sterol found in the seeds of Cucurbita maxima had a Δ-bond and consisted of seven components. They were identified as 25(27)-dehydroporiferasterol, clerosterol, isofucosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, campesterol and codisterol. The C-24 configuration of each of the sterols was unequivocally established by a ¹H NMR spectral comparison with authentic standards. This is the first time codisterol has been found in a higher plant and also the first time the structures and configurations of the Δ⁵-sterols from a Cucurbitaceae species have been clearly characterized.     

24β-Ethyl-31-norlanosta-8,25(27)-dien-3β-ol and 24β-ethyl-25(27)-dehydrolophenol in seeds of three cucurbitaceae species

The structures of two 4α-methylsterols is isolated from Cucumis sativus(Cucurbitaceae) seeds were determined based mainly on their ¹³CNMR spectra as 24β-ethyl-31-norlanosta-8,25(27)-dien-3β-ol and 24β-ethyl-25(27)- dehydrolophenol, respectively, of which the former is a new sterol from natural sources. These two 4α-methylsterols were identified in the seeds of two other Cucurbitaceae species, Lagenaria leucantha var. Gourda and Citrullus battich. The probable biogenetic significance of the two 4α-methylsterols is discussed. Other 4α-methylsterols identified in the seeds of the three Cucurbitaceae species were obtusifoliol, cycloeucalenol and gramisterol.     

Structural analysis of desheptapeptide(B24-B30) insulin by molecular replacement

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