Microbacterium marinum sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea water

Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strains, H101(T) and H207, were isolated from deep sea water collected from South-West Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two strains were closely related to one another (100% similarity), and had the closest relationship with Microbacterium hominis NBRC 15708(T) and Microbacterium insulae KCTC 19247(T) (98.2-98.3% similarities). DNA-DNA hybridization value between strains H101(T) and H207 was 87.2 ± 3.7%, and the values between the two strains and the closely related type strains were well below 70%. The two strains also shared a number of physiological and biochemical characteristics that were distinct from the closely related species, and grew at 2-37 ° C, pH 5-11 and 0-8% (w/v) NaCl. Both strains contained MK-12, MK-13 and MK-11 as the detected menaquinones. The peptidoglycan was of type B1γ with an interpeptide bridge D-Glu(Hyg)→ Gly(2)→ l-Lys. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(17:0), and iso-C(16:0). Based on the genetic and phenotypic properties, it is proposed that strains H101(T) and H207 be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Microbacterium, with the name Microbacterium marinum sp. nov. The type strain is H101(T) (= CGMCC 4.6941(T) = DSM 24947(T)).     

Saccharopolyspora endophytica sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the root of Maytenus austroyunnanensis

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-acid-alcohol-fast strain, designated YIM 61095(T), was isolated from the root of Maytenus austroyunnanensis collected from a tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province, south-west China. Strain YIM 61095(T) exhibited chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics that were consistent with members of the genus Saccharopolyspora. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 61095(T) was a member of the genus Saccharopolyspora and was most closely related to Saccharopolyspora flava AS 4.1520(T) (97.7% sequence similarity). The major fatty acids were iso-C(15:0), iso-C(16:0), iso-C(17:0) and anteiso-C(17:0). The predominant quinone detected was MK-9(H(4)). The DNA G+C content was 66.2 mol%. The phenotypic characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness data indicated that strain YIM 61095(T) should be distinguished from Saccharopolyspora flava AS 4.1520(T). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain YIM 61095(T) represents a novel species of the genus Saccharopolyspora, for which the name Saccharopolyspora endophytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 61095(T) (=KCTC 19397(T)=CCTCC AA 208003(T)).     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arthrobacter soli</Emphasis> sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from wastewater reservoir sediment

A novel Gram-positive bacterium, designated SYB2T, was isolated from wastewater reservoir sediment, and a polyphasic taxonomic study was conducted based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical features, as well as the analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence. During the phylogenetic analysis of the strain SYB2T, results of a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed this bacterium in the genus Arthrobacter within the family Micrococcaceae. SYB2T and Arthrobacter protophormiae ATCC 19271T, the most closely related species, both exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.99%. The genomic DNA G+C content of the novel strain was found to be 62.0 mol%. The predominant fatty acid composition was anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, iso-C16:0, and iso-C15:0. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and DNA-DNA relatedness, as well as physiological and biochemical tests, showed genotypic and phenotypic differences between strain SYB2T and other Arthrobacter species. The type strain of the novel species was identified as SYB2T (= KCTC 19291T= DSM 19449T).     

Hymenobacter perfusus sp. nov., Hymenobacter flocculans sp. nov. and Hymenobacter metalli sp. nov. three new species isolated from an uranium mine waste water treatment system

Three red-pink pigmented strains, designated A1-12(T), A2-50A(T) and A2-91(T), were recovered from two different sites in a uranium mine. For all strains, the optimum growth temperature was 25°C, the optimum pH was 6.0-6.5 and the DNA G+C contents were between 60 and 63.4 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the fatty acid profiles contained iso- and anteiso-branched C15 fatty acids, summed feature 3 (16:1 ω6c and/or ω7c and/or 15:0 iso 2-OH), summed feature 4 (17:1 anteiso B and/or iso I) and the unsaturated fatty acid 16:1 ω5c as the major components. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these organisms represented three distinct branches within the family Flexibacteraceae most closely related to the members of the genus Hymenobacter. Strain A1-12(T) formed a distinct phylogenetic line along with H. rigui KCTC 12533(T) and they shared approximately 98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. However, these two strains shared only 14.7% pairwise similarity in their genomic DNA. Strains A2-50A(T) and A2-91(T) formed two distinct lineages, related to the species H. soli KCTC 12607(T), sharing about 95.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between themselves, and 88.3 and 92.0% with other members of the genus Hymenobacter. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics, these isolates were considered to represent three novel species for which we propose the names Hymenobacter perfusus for strain A1-12(T) (=CIP 110166=LMG 26000), Hymenobacter flocculans for strain A2-50A(T) (=CIP 110139=LMG 25699) and Hymenobacter metalli for strain A2-91(T) (=CIP 110140=LMG 25700).     

Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from salt-lake sediment in the Qaidam Basin, north-west China

A motile, Gram-positive, slightly halophilic, endospore-forming, catalase- and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic, slender rod-shaped bacterium, strain YIM-C229T was isolated from the sediment of a salt lake in the Qaidam Basin, north-west China. Filamentous forms were present throughout the growth cycle. Strain YIM-C229T grew in the presence of 0.5-8% NaCl and at pH 6.0-8.5, with optimum growth at 1-3% NaCl and pH 7.0-7.5. It grew at 4-45 degrees C, with optimum growth at 37 degrees C. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, iso-C15:0, C16:1 omega11c and anteiso-C(17:0). The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7, and diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol were the polar lipids, with meso-diaminopimelic acid occurring in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM-C229T was closely related to the type strains of the four recognized species of the genus Gracilibacillus: G. halotolerans NN T (sequence similarity 95.5%), G. dipsosauri DD1T (96.1%), G. orientalis XH-63T (96.8%) and G. boraciitolerans T-16X(T) (99.1%). The DNA-DNA relatedness between strain YIM-C229(T) and G. boraciitolerans DSM 17256(T) was 30.8%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic differences and DNA-DNA hybridization data supported the view that this strain represented a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus, for which the name Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov. is proposed, with YIM-C229T (=DSM 17858T=CGMCC 1.6304T) as the type strain.     

Cohnella panacarvi sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from ginseng cultivating soil

A Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, nonmotile, endospore-forming bacterium, designated Gsoil 349T, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain Gsoil 349T belongs to the family Paenibacillaceae, and the sequence showed closest similarity with Cohnella thermotolerans DSM 17683T (94.1%) and Cohnella hongkongensis DSM 17642T (93.6%). The strain showed less than 91.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Paenibacillus species. In addition, the presence of MK-7 as the major menaquinone and anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(16:0), and C(16:0) as major fatty acids suggested its affiliation to the genus Cohnella. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 53.4 mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain Gsoil 349T should be treated as a novel species within the genus Cohnella for which the name Cohnella panacarvi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Gsoil 349T (=KCTC 13060T = DSM 18696T).     

MLSA barcoding of Marichromatium spp. and reclassification of Marichromatium fluminis (Sucharita et al., 2010) as Phaeochromatium fluminis gen. nov. comb. nov

Thirty-one members of the genus Marichromatium were analysed based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of four concatenated protein-coding genes (fusA, pufM, dnaK, recA) along with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS; 16S-23S rRNA) region and 16S rRNA gene. The restriction patterns obtained from the in silico analysis of the concatenated sequences were good barcodes for the identification of Marichromatium spp. Distinct phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular differences allowed the separation of Marichromatium fluminis JA418(T) into a new genus in the family Chromatiaceae, for which we propose the name Phaeochromatium fluminis gen. nov. comb. nov.     

Endozoicomonas elysicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a gamma-proteobacterium isolated from the sea slug Elysia ornata

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-formed bacterium, strain MKT110(T), was isolated from a mollusk, the sea slug Elysia ornata collected in seawater off the coast of Izu-Miyake Island, Japan at a depth of 15m. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis indicated that the isolate MKT110(T) constituted a novel lineage in gamma-proteobacteria related to the genera Zooshikella, Oceanospirillum, Microbulbifer, Marinobacter, Saccharospirillum and Pseudomonas. The strain MKT110(T) was closely related to the clones from marine sponge Halichondria okadai (AB054136, AB054161) and the coral Pocillopora damicornis (AY700600, AY700601). The phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that MKT110(T) and four clones formed a sub-lineage related to the genus Zooshikella, with a bootstrap value of 100%. MKT110(T) required salt for its growth and was mesophilic. The bacterium contained 16:1omega7c, 16:0 and 14:0 as major cellular fatty acids, and 3-OH 14:0, 3-OH 10:0 and 3-OH 12:0 as major hydroxy fatty acids. The DNA base composition of the isolate was 50.4 mol% G+C. The major quinone was Q-9. The bacterium is distinguished from currently recognized bacterial genera based on phylogenetic and phenotypic features and should be classified in a novel genus for which the name Endozoicomonas elysicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. (type strain MKT110(T)=IAM 15107(T)=KCTC 12372(T); GenBank accession no. AB196667).     

Neoscardovia arbecensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from porcine slurries

Three Gram-positive, anaerobic, pleomorphic strains (PG10(T), PG18 and PG22), were selected among five strains isolated from pig slurries while searching for host specific bifidobacteria to track the source of fecal pollution in water. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed a maximum identity of 94% to various species of the family Bifidobacteriaceae. However, phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA and HSP60 gene sequences revealed a closer relationship of these strains to members of the recently described Aeriscardovia, Parascardovia and Scardovia genera, than to other Bifidobacterium species. The names Neoscardovia gen. nov. and Neoscardovia arbecensis sp. nov. are proposed for a new genus and for the first species belonging to this genus, respectively, and for which PG10(T) (CECT 8111(T), DSM 25737(T)) was designated as the type strain. This new species should be placed in the Bifidobacteriaceae family within the class Actinobacteria, with Aeriscardovia aeriphila being the closest relative. The prevailing cellular fatty acids were C(16:0) and C(18:1)ω9c, and the major polar lipids consisted of a variety of glycolipids, diphosphatidyl glycerol, two unidentified phospholipids, and phosphatidyl glycerol. The peptidoglycan structure was A1γmeso-Dpm-direct. The GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene and HSP60 gene sequences of strains PG10(T), PG18 and PG22 are JF519691, JF519693, JQ767128 and JQ767130, JQ767131, JQ767133, respectively.     

Agromyces indicus sp. nov., isolated from mangroves sediment in Chorao Island, Goa, India

A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium strain NIO-1018(T) isolated from a mangrove sediment sample of the Chorao Island, Goa, India, was subjected to a detailed polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain designated as NIO-1018(T) matched with most of the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties of the genus Agromyces and represents a novel species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NIO-1018(T) fell within the cluster comprising species of the genus Agromyces, clustering with Agromyces soli (98.1 %), Agromyces flavus (97.9 %), Agromyces aurantiacus (97.7 %) and Agromyces ulmi (97.3 %). The predominant menaquinone was MK-12, and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(16:0), anteiso-C(17:0) and iso-C(15:0). The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain NIO-1018(T) was 71.8 mol%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the view that strain NIO-1018(T) represents a novel species of the genus Agromyces, for which the name Agromyces indicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NIO-1018 (=JCM 17573(T) = CCTCC AB2011122(T)).     

Microlunatus terrae sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from soil

Strain BS6(T), a Gram-positive non-motile bacterium, was isolated from soil in South Korea and characterized to determine its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain BS6T belonged to the family Propionibacteriaceae in the class Actinobacteria. Strain BS6(T) showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Microlunatus soli CC-012602(T) (98.6%) and high sequence similarities with Microlunatus species (94.5-98.6%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C(17:0), anteiso-C(15:0), summed feature 8 (C(18:1) ω7c/ω6c), and iso-C(16:0). The cell wall peptidoglycan contained (LL)-diaminopimelic acid, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol. Based on these data, BS6(T) (=KCTC 19858(T) =JCM 17661(T) =CCARM 9244(T) =KEMC 9004-079(T)) should be classified as a type strain of a novel species, for which the name Microlunatus terrae sp. nov. is proposed.     

Hansschlegelia plantiphila gen. nov. sp. nov., a new aerobic restricted facultative methylotrophic bacterium associated with plants

A new genus, Hansschlegelia, and a new species, Hansschlegelia plantiphila, are proposed for three strains of methanol-utilizing bacteria isolated from lilac buds (strain S(1)(T)), linden buds (strain S(2)) and blue spruce needles (strain S(4)), which were selected in winter at -17 degrees C. These bacteria are aerobic, Gram-negative, colorless, non-motile short rods that multiply by binary fission and employ the ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) and the serine pathways for C(1) assimilation. The strains have a limited number of growth substrates and use methanol, methylamine, formate, CO(2)/H(2) and glycerol as carbon and energy sources. Only strain S(1)(T) grows with ethanol and inulin. The strains are neutrophilic and mesophilic, and synthesize phytohormones (auxins and cytokinins) and vitamin B(12). Their major cellular fatty acids are saturated C(16:0), straight-chain, unsaturated C(18:1)(omega)(7) and cyclopropane C(19 cyc) acids. The main ubiquinone is ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The dominant phospholipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). The DNA G+C content is 68.5+/-0.2 mol%. The strains share almost identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, a high DNA-DNA hybridization value (72-86%) and represent a novel lineage of autotrophic methanol-utilizing bacteria within the Alphaproteobacteria. Collectively, these strains comprise a new genus and species H. plantiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., with strain S(1)(T) (VKM B-2347(T), NCIMB 14035(T)) as the type strain.     

Sphingobacterium canadense sp. nov., an isolate from corn roots

A free-living Gram-negative bacterial strain CR11(T) was isolated from corn roots. Polyphasic taxonomy was performed, including API20 NE and API50 CH bacterial identification kits, Biolog analysis, lipids and fatty acid analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, 16S rRNA and cpn60 gene sequence analyses. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain CR11(T) belonged to the genus Sphingobacterium and was closely related to Sphingobacterium multivorum IFO 14947(T) (98% similarity) and Sphingobacterium. thalpophilum ATCC 43320(T) (97% similarity). DNA-DNA hybridization showed 11% and 13% DNA re-association with S. multivorum LMG 8342(T) and S. thalpophilum LMG 11520(T), respectively. Major fatty acids (16:0, 15:0 iso and 17:0 iso 3-OH) and the G+C content of the DNA (40.5 mol%), were also similar to those of the genus Sphingobacterium. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. In all analyses, including phenotypic characterization, this isolate was found to be different from the closely related species, S. multivorum and S. thalpophilum. On the basis of these results, this strain represents a new species within the genus Sphingobacterium. The name Sphingobacterium canadense sp. nov. is suggested and the type strain is CR11(T) (=NCCB 100125(T)=LMG 23727(T)).     

Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. methylbutyratica subsp. nov., and assignment of Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. saponavida to Syntrophomonas saponavida sp. nov. comb. nov

A spore-forming bacterium strain 4J5(T) was isolated from rice field mud. When co-cultured with Methanobacterium formicicum DSM 1535(T), strain 4J5(T) could syntrophically degrade saturated fatty acids with 4-8 carbon atoms, including 2-methylbutyrate. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene similarity showed that strain 4J5(T) was most closely related to Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. wolfei DSM 2245(T) (98.9% sequence similarity); however, it differed from the latter in the substrates utilized and its genetic characteristics. Therefore, a new subspecies Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. methylbutyratica is proposed. The type strain is 4J5(T) (=CGMCC 1.5051(T)=JCM 14075(T)). Furthermore, based on 16S rRNA sequence divergence and substrate utilization, we propose the assignment of Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. saponavida DSM 4212(T) to Syntrophomonas saponavida sp. nov. comb. nov.     

Rubrobacter bracarensis sp. nov., a novel member of the genus Rubrobacter isolated from a biodeteriorated monument

Three actinobacteria strains isolated from a green biofilm covering the biodeteriorated interior walls of Vilar de Frades Church (Portugal) were studied using a polyphasic approach. The three strains were aerobic, non-spore forming and Gram-positive. Phylogenetically, the most closely related described species was Rubrobacter radiotolerans (94.2-94.3% and 81.9-82.5% similarities for the 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences, respectively). The fatty acid profile was dominated by anteiso-C(17:1) ω9c, and MK-8 was the only menaquinone present. These data clearly showed that the three strains could represent a new species, for which we propose the name Rubrobacter bracarensis sp. nov., with strain VF70612_S1(T) (=CECT 7924=DSMZ 24908) as the type strain.     

Duganella phyllosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the leaf surface of Trifolium repens and proposal to reclassify Duganella violaceinigra into a novel genus as Pseudoduganella violceinigra gen. nov., comb. nov

A bright yellow pigmented bacterium was isolated from the leaf surface of Trifolium repens in Germany. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this bacterium is most closely related to Duganella zoogloeoides IAM 12670(T), with a similarity of 99.3%, but revealed only a moderate similarity (96.8%) to the second Duganella species, Duganella violaceinigra YIM 31327(T). Strain T54(T) is clearly different from D. zoogloeoides IAM 12670(T) in that DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a similarity value of 46% (reciprocal 42%). Ubiquinone (Q-8) was the respiratory quinone and the predominant polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unknown phospholipids and one aminolipid. Strain T54(T) can be distinguished from D. zoogloeoides by the carbon substrate utilization tests of d-trehalose, cis-aconitate, trans-aconitate, glutarate and dl-3-hydroxybutyrate, and 4-hydroxybenzoate in addition to a different polar lipid profile. The name Duganella phyllosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species, with the type strain T54(T) (=LMG 25994 = CCM 7824(T)) [corrected]. In addition, it is proposed to reclassify D. violaceinigra into a novel genus Pseudoduganella gen. nov. as the novel species Pseudoduganella violaceinigra comb. nov. because of the low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the other Duganella species (<97%) and striking differences in chemotaxonomic (lipid profiles and fatty acid patterns) and other phenotypic features, including the colony pigmentation.     

Luedemannella gen. nov., a new member of the family Micromonosporaceae and description of Luedemannella helvata sp. nov. and Luedemannella flava sp. nov

Three actinomycete strains were isolated from soil samples collected in Bangladesh. The cultures formed spherical sporangia on short sporangiophores directly above the surface of the substrate mycelium. The sporangia developed singly or in clusters and each sporangium contained several nonmotile spherical to oval spores with a smooth surface. The strains 3-9(24)(T), 3-21(27) and 7-40(26)(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell walls, predominant menaquinone MK-9(H(6)) and MK-9(H(4)) and glucose, xylose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose and arabinose in the whole-cell hydrolysates. Diagnostic phospholipid is phosphatidylethanolamine and branched anteiso-C(17 : 0) (30.0-38.0%), anteiso-C(15 : 0) (12.5-14.0%), iso-C(16 : 0) (10.0-15.0%) and iso-C(15 : 0) (10.0-12.0%) were detected as the major cellular fatty acids. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl and mycolic acids were not detected. The G+C content of the DNA was 71 mol%. The chemotaxonomic data indicate that these strains belong to the family Micromonosporaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data suggested that the strains 3-9(24)(T), 3-21(27) and 7-40(26)(T) fall within the family Micromonosporaceae. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and characteristic patterns of signature nucleotides as well as morphological and chemotaxonomic data, Luedemannella gen. nov. is proposed for our 3 isolates. DNA-DNA hybridization experiment and phenotypic characterization indicated that the new genus was constituted of 2 species, as Luedemannella helvata sp. nov. for the strain 3-9(24)(T) (=JCM 13249(T)=MTCC 8091(T)) and Luedemannella flava for the strain 7-40(26)(T) (=JCM 13250(T)=MTCC 8095(T)) in the family Micromonosporaceae.     

Bacillus beringensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from the Bering Sea

Psychrotolerant Bacillus-like strains BR035(T) and BR011 were isolated from seawater of the Bering Sea and were characterized by means of a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these strains were related to the members of the genus Bacillus and had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Bacillus korlensis ZLC-26(T). DNA-DNA hybridization experiments confirmed that strains BR035(T) and BR011 belonged to the same species and were distinct from their closest relatives. The cells were Gram-positive, rods, motile, spore-forming and psychrotolerant. The temperature range for growth was 4-42°C. The main respiratory quinone was MK-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown aminolipid and two unknown phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C14:0 and C16:1ω7c alcohol. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The genomic DNA G + C content was 37.6-37.8 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, a novel species Bacillus beringensis is proposed and the type strain is BR035(T) (=CGMCC 1.9126(T)=DSM 22571(T)).     

Description of a novel actinobacterium Kocuria assamensis sp. nov., isolated from a water sample collected from the river Brahmaputra, Assam, India

A Gram-positive, pale yellow pigmented actinobacterium, strain S9-65(T) was isolated from a water sample collected from the river Brahmaputra, Assam, India and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0), estimated DNA G+C content (69.2 mol %) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S9-65(T) belonged to the genus Kocuria. Strain S9-65(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Kocuria palustris (99.1%); however, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain S9-65(T) and K. palustris was 20.6%. On the basis of differential phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness, strain S9-65(T) should be classified as representative of a novel species Kocuria, for which the name Kocuria assamensis is proposed. The type strain is S9-65(T) (=MTCC 10622(T) = DSM 23999(T)).