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1.
亚洲蝮属两种的种下分类研究(蛇亚目:蝮亚科)   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4  
对分布在辽东半岛和山东半岛的“黑眉”蝮蛇,依据Mayr(1953)两个样本间平均数比较的亚种划分的经典方法,进行分类学研究,辽东半岛半蛇岛蝮应为:蛇岛蝮千山亚种Gloydius shedaoensis qianshanensis ssp;nov.山东半岛产岩栖蝮为:岩栖蝮长岛亚种Gloydius saxatilis changdaoensis ssp;nov.。  相似文献   

2.
作者有幸在上海自然历史博物馆收藏中发现采于海南岛的山烙铁头蛇属(Ovophis Burger in Hoger and Romano Hoge,1981)标本1号。该属广泛分布于中国、东亚和东南亚大部地区,但在海南岛尚无报道。本文对该标本详加描记。根据其鳞被特征,特别是尾下鳞成单,将其鉴定为过去仅知分布于越南山区的越南山烙铁头蛇Ovophis tonkinensis (Bourret,1934)是为中国蛇类的新纪录。  相似文献   

3.
郭鹏  张服基 《动物学研究》1999,20(6):415-420
目前,我国蝮蛇某些种类的分类仍存在不同见解,对蝮蛇类群的分类主要集中在外部形态的比较,而较少涉及内部结构的研究。因此,本文的我国13个地区的8种(亚种)共26号蝮蛇的头骨进行了比较解剖,以头骨特征为依据,对岩栖蝮Agkistrodonsaxatilis,乌苏里蝮A.ussurensis,蛇岛蝮A.shedaoensis,短尾蝮A.brevicaudus,秦岭蝮A.qinlingensis等的有效性  相似文献   

4.
作者有幸在上海自然历史博物馆收藏中发现采于海南岛的山烙铁头蛇属(Ovophis Burgerin Hogeand Romano Hoge,1981)标本1号.该属广泛分布于中国、东亚和东南亚大部地区,但在海南岛尚无报道.本文对该标本详加描记.根据其鳞被特征,特别是尾下鳞成单,将其鉴定为过去仅知分布于越南山区的越南山烙铁头蛇Ovophis  相似文献   

5.
王乃馨  封霞  蒋国芳  方宁  轩文娟 《昆虫学报》2008,51(11):1187-1195
本研究基于Cytb 基因和COI基因的部分序列来推断17种蝗虫之间的系统发育关系。这17种蝗虫均采自国内,代表了蝗科(Acrididae)5个亚科:黑蝗亚科(Melanoplinae)、斑腿蝗亚科(Catantopinae)、刺胸蝗亚科(Cyrtacanthacridinae)、斑翅蝗亚科(Oedipodinae)和大足蝗亚科(Gomphocerinae)。采用联合序列方法进行分析,结果显示:Cytb 和COI联合序列长度为1 998 bp,其中A和T总含量为72.13%,G和C总含量为27.87%。联合序列共包含了889个保守位点,1 109个变异位点,在这些变异位点中有838个简约信息位点。系统发生树采用邻接法(NJ)、最大简约法(MP)和最大似然法(ML)进行构建。使用蜢总科的变色乌蜢Erianthus versicolor 和 Erianthus sp. 两个种作为外群。结果表明:大足蝗亚科和斑腿蝗亚科的单系性没有得到支持。斑翅蝗亚科内部各种聚成一个大支,在本研究中该亚科的单系性得到支持,与前人的研究结论相同。大足蝗亚科、斑腿蝗亚科、刺胸蝗亚科和黑蝗亚科这4科关系非常近,可以考虑将其合并为一个亚科。同时,我们发现基于Cytb和COI基因联合序列推断蝗科内各亚科间的系统发生关系并不十分可靠。  相似文献   

6.
记述Xie螨科二新种:花副Xie螨Parazeron floralis sp.nov.和拟重卡XieCaurozercon duplexoideus sp.nov。副Xie螨属和卡Xie螨属为中国首次发现。  相似文献   

7.
在中国石蕊属种类的研究中,依据形态特征及nrD NA ITS序列数据,鉴定出采自海南的一新记录种——粗糙石蕊(Cladonia rudis)。提供了描述及图片,依据序列数据估计了其与近缘谱系的分化时间。  相似文献   

8.
9.
印象初  叶保华  印展 《昆虫学报》2009,52(11):1244-1248
本文对中国橄蝗属Tagasta Bolivar, 1905进行了系统的分类研究, 该属同似橄蝗属Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916 近似, 其不同之处为前胸背板侧片后下角近乎直角, 后翅为红色或玫瑰色, 雄性尾须短而直, 不向上弯曲。本文共记述产于中国的橄蝗属7种, 包括1新种。并附该属中国已知7种的检索表。  相似文献   

10.
以线粒体mtDNA中的COI、COII及Cyt b基因序列为分子标记,对蚁属13种进行分析研究。结果表明,蚁属线粒体基因组成具有昆虫基因的普遍特征,如有明显的A+T偏向性,A、T密码子使用频率高等特点。基于蚁属线粒体基因进行遗传距离分析,并结合构建系统发育树,结果表明蚁属内各物种间遗传距离相差较小,遗传距离值基本在0.1以内,遗传距离较远的种发生在北京凹头蚁和掘穴蚁之间,蚁属内各种间分化与形态学研究结果基本一致。  相似文献   

11.
熊晔  丁利 《四川动物》2012,31(5):768-771
河北兴隆县的蝮蛇分类问题,以往有国外学者进行过报道.国内文献记载河北省只分布有一种蝮蛇即短尾蝮.2006年实地考察和饲养观察研究发现,雾灵山的蝮蛇不是同一种,而是两种蝮蛇.它们的形态、分布和习性均不同,依照中国动物志爬行纲第三卷鉴定,分别为短尾蝮和中介蝮,从而恢复了河北省中介蝮分布的纪录.  相似文献   

12.
    
The taxonomy and phylogeny of the Chinese species of the Barbinae (Cypriniformes) has a confusing history. In this study, partial sequences of four mitochondrial genes (cyt b, COI, ND4 and 16S rRNA) from 75 Barbinae species and 38 outgroup species were used to investigate the taxonomy and phylogeny within the Barbinae in China. The monophyly of Neolissochilus, Sikukia and Tor are not supported. Neolissochilus benasi might represent a new genus, and Tor hemispinus and Tor qiaojiensis should be moved into Neolissochilus. Sikukia flavicaudata is not Sikukia species. Puntius paucimaculatus might be a synonym of Puntius semifasciolatus. Puntius semifasciolatus does not belong to Puntius. Onychostoma barbatum might consist of more than one species. Our molecular results corroborate that Acrossocheilus stenotaeniatus is a synonym of Acrossocheilus longipinnis. Finally, Barbonymus gonionotus from Menglun, Yunnan should be Poropuntius huangchuchieni.  相似文献   

13.
A method is presented to optimize chromosomal data on a cladogram. This procedure simultaneously considers variation at the nucleotide and locus levels including nucleotide substitution, insertion and deletion, locus insertions and deletion, and gene rearrangement. Locus labeling is not a requirement of the procedure and such annotation will result from the dynamic homology analysis of the chromosome data. An example of complete arthropod mtDNA sequences is presented.  相似文献   

14.
Echinococcosis is a serious helminthic zoonosis in humans, livestock and wildlife. The pathogenic organisms are members of the genus Echinococcus (Cestoda: Taeniidae). Life cycles of Echinococcus spp. are consistently dependent on predator–prey association between two obligate mammalian hosts. Carnivores (canids and felids) serve as definitive hosts for adult tapeworms and their herbivore prey (ungulates, rodents and lagomorphs) as intermediate hosts for metacestode larvae. Humans are involved as an accidental host for metacestode infections. The metacestodes develop in various internal organs, particularly in liver and lungs. Each metacestode of Echinococcus spp. has an organotropism and a characteristic form known as an unilocular (cystic), alveolar or polycystic hydatid. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that the type species, Echinococcus granulosus, causing cystic echinococcosis is a cryptic species complex. Therefore, the orthodox taxonomy of Echinococcus established from morphological criteria has been revised from the standpoint of phylogenetic systematics. Nine valid species including newly resurrected taxa are recognised as a result of the revision. This review summarises the recent advances in the phylogenetic systematics of Echinococcus, together with the historical backgrounds and molecular epidemiological aspects of each species. A new phylogenetic tree inferred from the mitochondrial genomes of all valid Echinococcus spp. is also presented. The taxonomic nomenclature for Echinococcus oligarthrus is shown to be incorrect and this name should be replaced with Echinococcus oligarthra.  相似文献   

15.
2013年8月8日,在辽宁省凌源市青龙河自然保护区红石砬子山主峰(40°47'N,118°55'E,海拔1 253 m)采集到2号亚洲蝮属(Gloydius)蛇类标本,经鉴定为中介蝮(G.intermedius),系该种在辽宁省境内首次发现。本文对其形态特征进行了描述,并与国内其他地区的标本进行了比较,讨论了其分布格局和生物地理学特点。  相似文献   

16.
Tao Deng 《Geobios》2005,38(3):301
A well-preserved skull and articulated mandible of Shansirhinus, a horned aceratherine rhinocerotid, is described from an Early Pliocene (Gaozhuangian; approximately 5.3-4.34 Ma) locality of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China. Comparing the new material of Shansirhinus ringstromi Kretzoi, 1942, we confirm the synonymy proposed previously for the species Chilotherium yunnanensis Tang et al., 1974, Chilotherium cornutum Qiu and Yan, 1982, and Ch. tianzhuensis Zheng, 1982. New knowledge concerning its cranial and mandibular morphology allows insight into its phylogenetic position among aceratherine rhinocerotids. A sister group relationship between Shansirhinus and Chilotherium is proposed on the basis of cranial, mandibular and dental evidence. Shared derived characters that support this relationship include: an expanded mandibular symphysis with a concave ventral surface; retracted premaxillae lacking upper incisors; a robust and right-angled facial crest; a flat or slightly concave dorsal skull profile; a weak or absent parastyle fold; and a constricted protocone on the premolars. Shansirhinus was probably a grazer, which is evidenced by the high crown, strong wear, well-developed secondary folds, and enamel plications on its teeth. The age of S. ringstromi is Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene, corresponding to the Turolian to Ruscinian, MN12-MN15 of Europe. S. ringstromi is likely the ancestor of the more advanced S. brancoi (Schlosser, 1903).  相似文献   

17.
通过研究,作者认为钩冠角蝉属Hypsolyrium的前胸背板前角突形状在同种个体间变异很大,不能作为种鉴别的主要特征。作者通过对雄性外生殖器、头部额唇基端部形状、两单眼间距离、前胸背板齿的有无、后突起长度、雌性翅的形状等特征的观察,对钩冠角蝉属进行了分类研究,记述了本属所有已知种类——全世界共知7种,其中包括3新种,即乌桕钩冠角蝉H.sapium,油桐钩冠角蝉H.aleurites, 江西钩冠角蝉H.jangxiensis,制作了分种检索表。并应用Farris-Wagner数值分析法对7个种的系统发育进行了分析,绘制了系统发育支序图。  相似文献   

18.
Amoebae of the order Vannellida (Amoebozoa, Discosea) have a fairly recognizable spatulate, fan-shaped or semi-circular outlines and a wide area of frontal hyaloplasm. They can be easily distinguished from the other groups of lobose amoebae even by light microscopy. The dorsal side of these amoebae is usually smooth and rarely bears ridges or folds, which are never numerous or regular. We have isolated an unusual species of vannellid amoebae, called Vannella primoblina n. sp. from a terrestrial substrate. It has well-developed dorsal relief consisting of regularly appearing folds and ridges. This amoeba superficially resembles members of the genus Thecamoeba. However, molecular analysis showed that this strain belongs to the genus Vannella. This finding indicates that dorsal folds may also be a characteristic of some species of vannellid amoebae and probably are a functional detail of the cell morphology rather than an apomorphy of Thecamoebida lineage. Overall outlines of the cell and the presence of the expanded frontal hyaline area remains the most reliable characters used to differentiate vannellid amoebae from other gymnamoebae lineages.  相似文献   

19.
    
Phylogenetic relationships of tapeworms of the genus Moniezia Blanchard, 1891 (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae) parasitizing the Eurasian elk Alces alces, the moose A. americanus and the reindeer/caribou Rangifer tarandus (Cervidae) were studied using DNA sequences of two mitochondrial genes (cox1 and nad1). Several isolates from domestic ruminants, representing Moniezia expansa (Rudolphi, 1810) sensu lato and M. benedeni (Moniez, 1879) sensu lato, and one unidentified isolate from an African antelope, were also included in the analysis.Both genes identified the same six species of Moniezia, but interspecific phylogenetic relationships were better resolved by the nad1 data. The six species of Moniezia comprised two main clades: clade 1 that originates in bovids, with subsequent colonization of northern cervids in Eurasia, and clade 2 that originates in northern cervids, with subsequent specific divergence within these hosts. Clade 2 has a Holarctic distribution.None of the Moniezia specimens in Alces and Rangifer was conspecific with the species in domestic ruminants, suggesting that the custom of identifying Moniezia spp. in northern cervids either as M. expansa or M. benedeni is incorrect. At least two of the species parasitizing Alces and Rangifer have not been previously recognized. These findings challenge the results of all previous studies concerning the diversity and ecology of Moniezia spp. in northern cervids.The traditional classification into three subgenera (Moniezia Blanchard, 1891, Blanchariezia Skrjabin & Schultz, 1937 and Baeriezia Skrjabin & Schultz, 1937), based on the presence and type of interproglottidal glands, conflicts with the currently observed molecular phylogenetic relationships within the genus Moniezia.  相似文献   

20.
We have reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of 23 species in the dog family, Canidae, using DNA sequence data from six nuclear loci. Individual gene trees were generated with maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) analysis. In general, these individual gene trees were not well resolved, but several identical groupings were supported by more than one locus. Phylogenetic analysis with a data set combining the six nuclear loci using MP, ML, and Bayesian approaches produced a more resolved tree that agreed with previously published mitochondrial trees in finding three well-defined clades, including the red fox-like canids, the South American foxes, and the wolf-like canids. In addition, the nuclear data set provides novel indel support for several previously inferred clades. Differences between trees derived from the nuclear data and those from the mitochondrial data include the grouping of the bush dog and maned wolf into a clade with the South American foxes, the grouping of the side-striped jackal (Canis adustus) and black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) and the grouping of the bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis) with the raccoon dog (Nycteruetes procyonoides). We also analyzed the combined nuclear + mitochondrial tree. Many nodes that were strongly supported in the nuclear tree or the mitochondrial tree remained strongly supported in the nuclear + mitochondrial tree. Relationships within the clades containing the red fox-like canids and South American canids are well resolved, whereas the relationships among the wolf-like canids remain largely undetermined. The lack of resolution within the wolf-like canids may be due to their recent divergence and insufficient time for the accumulation of phylogenetically informative signal.  相似文献   

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