New taxa and combinations in the Agaricales, Boletales and Polyporales

A new species, Phaeomarasmius borealis , is described and a number of new combinations and names are proposed: Boletus luridiformis var. junquilleus comb, nov., Fayodia anthracobia comb, nov., Flagelloscypha mairei comb, nov., Hemimycena gypsella comb, nov., H. subimmaculata comb, nov., Hypholoma eximium comb. nov., Lentinus schaefferi comb, nov., Lyophyllum gangraenosum comb, nov., L. fusisporum comb, nov., L. confusum comb, nov., Micromphale acicola nom. nov., M. rufocarneum comb, nov., Pseudoomphalina absinthiata comb, nov., Psilocybe magnivelaris comb, nov., and Sericeomyces sericifer comb. nov.     

Taxonomic revision of the S. E. Asian species of Isoglossa (Acanthaceae)

A number of S. E. Asian taxa of Acanthaceae are here recognized as belonging to the prevailingly African genus Isoglossa . The reasons for doing so are briefly outlined. The synonymy, as regards S. E. Asian Isoglossa, is worked out, generic as well as specific. The following new combinations are formally made: Isoglossa clemensorum (R. Benoist) comb. nov., I. collina (T. Anderson) comb. nov., I. geoffrayi (R. Benoist) comb. nov., I. glabra (Hand.-Mazz.) comb. nov., I. inermis (R. Benoist) comb. nov., and I. subcordafa (C. B. Clarke) comb. nov. The distribution is outlined and mapped. I. dichotoma is shown to occur in Africa, where I. lactea , and I. strigosula are sunk into its synonymy.     

长足虻亚科系统发育研究及三新属记述(双翅目,长足虻科)

采用支序分析的方法首次对古北和东洋区长足虻亚科的24属3亚属之间的系统发育关系进行了分析.结果表明,长足虻亚科为一严格的单系群,其中Ahercostomus、Allohercostomus、Tachytrechus和Aphalacrosoma为一单系群,Tachytrechus和Aphalacrosoma为姐妹群.原为寡长足虻属Hercostomus亚属之一的Gymnopternus与新属Setihercostomus的亲缘关系较近,为有效属.粗柄长足虻属Ludovicius与Sybistroma为一严格单系群,建议合并为一属.弓脉长足虻属Paraclius Coquillet应为Pelastoneurus的异名.建立3新属,即准长毛长足虻属Aphypophyllus gen nov,模式种Ahy-pophyllus sinensis(Yang,1996);准白长足虻属Aphalacrosoma gen nov,模式种Aphalacrosoma postiseta(Yang et Saigusa,2001);毛颜寡长足虻属Setihercostomus gen nov.,模式种Setihercostomus zonalis(Yang,Yang et Li,1998).原为寡长足虻属的亚属Ahercostomus提升为属,模式种Hercostomus(Ahercostomus)jiangchenganus(Yang et Saigusa,2001).建立的新组合为:Ahypophytlus sinensis(Yang,1996)comb. nov. , Aphalacrosoma hubeiense (Yang, 1998) comb. nov., A. postiseta (Yang et Saigusa, 2001) comb. nov.,A. sichuanense (Yang et Saigusa, 1999) comb. nov., Seti hercostomus setifacies (Stackelberg, 1934) comb. nov., S. zonalis (Yang, Yang et Li, 1998)comb. nov., S. wuyangensis (Wei, 1997) comb. nov., S. huangi (Zhang, Yang et Masunaga, 2004) and Ahercostomus jiangchenganus (Yanget Saigusa, 2001) comb. nov. .     

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Some Peritrichs (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) from Tank Bromeliads, Including Two New Genera: Orborhabdostyla and Vorticellides

Using standard methods, we studied the morphology and 18S rDNA sequence of some peritrich ciliates from tank bromeliads of Costa Rica, Jamaica, and Ecuador. The new genus Orborhabdostyla differs from Rhabdostyla by the discoidal macronucleus. Two species from the literature and a new species from Ecuadoran tank bromeliads are combined with the new genus: O. previpes (Claparède and Lachmann, 1857) nov. comb., O. kahli (Nenninger, 1948) nov. comb., and O. bromelicola nov. spec. Orborhabdostyla bromelicola is a slender species with stalk-like narrowed posterior half and operculariid/epistylidid oral apparatus. An epistylidid relationship is also suggested by the gene sequence. Vorticella gracilis, described by Dujardin (1841) from French freshwater, belongs to the V. convallaria complex but differs by the yellowish colour and the number of silverlines. The classification as a distinct species is supported by the 18S rDNA, which differs nearly 10% from that of V. convallaria s. str. Based on the new data, especially the very stable yellowish colour, we neotypify V. gracilis with the Austrian population studied by Foissner (1979). Vorticella gracilis forms a strongly supported phyloclade together with V. campanula, V. fusca and V. convallaria, while Vorticellides astyliformis and Vorticella microstoma branch in a separate, fully-supported clade that includes Astylozoon and Opisthonecta. The new genus Vorticellides comprises five small (usually < 60 μm), barrel-shaped species with two epistomial membranes: V. aquadulcis (Stokes, 1887) nov. comb., V. astyliformis (Foissner, 1981) nov. comb., V. platysoma (Stokes, 1887) nov. comb., V. infusionum (Dujardin, 1841) nov. comb., and V. (Spinivorticellides) echini (King, 1931) nov. comb. Two of these species are redescribed in the present study: V. astyliformis and V. aquadulcis, which is neotypified with a Costa Rican population. Pseudovorticella bromelicola nov. spec. differs from the congeners by the location of the two contractile vacuoles and the number of silverlines.     

中国拟盘多毛孢属真菌的七个新组合

作者按照Steyaert(1949)和Sutton(1980)的分类观点,对1987—1988年从我国广西、江西、浙江等地采集的Pestalotiopsis属真菌进行了研究,确认了拟盘多毛孢属真菌的7个新组合种,即Pestalotiopsis carveri(Guba)comb nov.,Pestalotiopsis elasticae(Koord.)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis langloisii(Guba)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis oleandri(Guba)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis sinensis(shen)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis sydowiana(Bres.)comb.nov.和Pestalotiopsis zahlbruckneriana(Bres.)comb.nov.     

Taxonomic status of Kitasatosporia, and proposed unification with Streptomyces on the basis of phenotypic and 16S rRNA analysis and emendation of Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943, 339AL.

Species classified within the genus Kitasatosporia share many of the phenotypic characteristics typical of streptomycetes. By using a probabilistic identification scheme, they were identified with Streptomyces exfoliatus cluster 5, a species group within Streptomyces. The four species studied hybridized with a 16S rRNA genus probe for Streptomyces spp., indicating a close relationship between the two genera. The kitasatosporias were resistant to selected polyvalent streptomycete phages tested. Quantitative analysis showed that meso-diaminopimelic acid varied from 49 to 89% in Kitasatosporia species and from 1 to 16% in Streptomyces species depending on growth conditions. On the basis of 16S rRNA analysis, it is proposed to reduce Kitasatosporia to synonymy with Streptomyces. As a result, the new names proposed are Streptomyces mediocidicus comb. nov., Streptomyces phosalacineus comb. nov., Streptomyces setae comb. nov., and Streptomyces griseolosporeus comb. nov., nom. nov.     

A taxonomic study on the leafhopper genus Scaphoidella vilbaste (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China

All six species of the leafhopper genus Scaphoidella Vilbaste from China are reviewed. Among them, two new species, S. undosa sp. nov. and S. acaudata sp. nov., are described; two new combinations, Scaphoide. unihamata (Li et Kuoh) comb. nov. and Scaphoidella wideaedeaga (Wang et Li) comb. nov. are proposed; and two new synonyms are revealed, Scaphoideus inermis Cai et He (2001) syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Scaphoidella unihamata (Li et Kuoh 1993) and Scaphoideus multipunctus Li et Dai (2004) syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Scaphoidella stenopaea Anufriev (1977). A key is given to separate all six Chinese species, and illustrations of genitalia are provided.     

Taxonomic studies on three marine pleurostomatid ciliates, Litonotus bergeri nov. spec., L. blattereri nov. spec. and L. petzi nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Pleurostomatida) from North China Sea

The morphology and infraciliature of three pleurostomatid ciliates, Litonotus bergeri nov. spec., L. blattereri nov. spec. and L. petzi nov. spec., collected from mariculture ponds near Qingdao (Tsingtao), China, were investigated using live observations and the protargol impregnation method. These new species are distinguished from their congeners by a combination of characters including the typical distribution of extrusomes, i.e., along entire ventral margin, the number of macronuclear nodules, features and number of somatic kineties, living morphology, number and position of contractile vacuoles and their marine biotopes. Considering the distribution of extrusomes and general morphology, five new combinations are suggested, Litonotus vermiforme (Sauerbrey, 1928) nov. comb. [basionym: Loxophyllum vermiforme Sauerbrey, 1928], Litonotus levigatum (Sauerbrey, 1928) nov. comb. [basionym: Loxophyllum levigatum Sauerbrey, 1928], Litonotus undulatum (Sauerbrey, 1928) nov. comb. [basionym: Loxophyllum undulatum Sauerbrey, 1928], Loxophyllum pictus (Gruber, 1884) nov. comb. [basionym: Litonotus pictus Gruber, 1884] and Loxophyllum trichocystiferus (Foissner, 1984) nov. comb. [basionym: Litonotus trichocystiferus Foissner, 1984].     

INDIAN OCEAN NANNOPLANKTON. II. HOLOCOCCOLITHOPHORIDS (CALYPTROSPHAERACEAE,PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE) WITH A REVIEW OF EXTANT GENERA1

Holococcolithophorids, pyrmnesiophytes having only one type of calcareous element in their coccoliths, are delicate and not commonly recorded in recent and fossil marine floras. There are few records of these organisms from the Indian Ocean and 26 species from there are included in this report. Although the group, generally assigned to a single family, the Calyptrosphaeraceae, may contain species that are part of the life history of heterococcolith-bearing cells in other stages, so little is known of this aspect of their biology that one must continue, at the present time, to treat them as independent taxonomic entities. A key is provided for the known holococcolithophorid genera. A new genus, Gliscolithus, and three new species, Gliscolithus amitakarenae, Calyptrosphaera heimdalae, and Helladosphaera pienaarii are described. The following new combinations are proposed: Calyptrolithina fragaria (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina gaarderae (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina isselii (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina lafourcadii (Lecal) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina magnaghii (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina multipora (Gaarder) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina porritectum (Heimdal) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina wettsteinii (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithophora catillifera (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithophora galea (Lecal-Schlauder) comb. nov., Dactylethra pirus (Kamptner) comb. nov., Helladosphaera arethusae (Kamptner) comb. nov., Helladosphaera gracilis (Kamptner) comb. nov., Homozygosphaera strigilis (Gaarder) comb. nov. and Syracolithus schilleri (Kamptner) comb. nov. The new combination in the genus Dactylethra Gartner for the first time brings an extant species into this genus that formerly contained only fossil species. It is pointed out that the enlarged zygoliths in stomatal areas of Corisphaera and the helladoliths in stomatal regions of Helladosphaera have intergrading types and are not distinctive enough characteristics to separate these genera.     

Miospores from the Frasnian-Famennian Boundary deposits in Eastern Europe (the Pripyat Depression, Belarus and the Timan-Pechora Province, Russia) and comparison with Western Europe (Northern France)

A zonal subdivision of the Frasnian-Famennian transitional deposits in the Pripyat Depression and Timan-Pechora Province, based on a detailed palynological study, has been completed. The data obtained on miospores and conodonts from the Timan-Pechora Province enable a correlation to be made with the Standard Conodont Zonation. The lateral extent of the palynozones in Eastern Europe and the correlation with Western Europe are discussed. The following previously published new combinations are validated: Auroraspora speciosa (Naumova) Obukhovskaya, comb. nov., Corbulispora viminea (Nekriata) Obukhovskaya and Nekriata, comb. nov., Cristatisporites imperpetuus (Sennova) Obukhovskaya, comb. nov., Cymbosporites acanthaceus (Kedo) Obukhovskaya, comb. nov., Grandispora subsuta (Nazarenko) Obukhovskaya, comb. nov., and Verrucosisporites evlanensis (Naumova) Obukhovskaya, comb. nov.     

Integrative Taxonomy and Species Delimitation in Harvestmen: A Revision of the Western North American Genus Sclerobunus (Opiliones: Laniatores: Travunioidea)

Alpha taxonomy, and specifically the delimitation of species, is becoming increasingly objective and integrative. The use of coalescent-based methods applied to genetic data is providing new tools for the discovery and delimitation of species. Here, we use an integrative approach via a combination of discovery-based multivariate morphological analyses to detect potential new species. These potential species are then used as a priori species in hypothesis-driven validation analyses with genetic data. This research focuses on the harvestmen genus Sclerobunus found throughout the mountainous regions of western North America. Based on our analyses, we conduct a revision of Sclerobunus resulting in synonymy of Cyptobunus with Sclerobunus including transfer of S. cavicolens comb. nov. and elevation of both subspecies of S. ungulatus: S. ungulatus comb. nov. and S. madhousensis comb. nov., stat. nov. The three subspecies of S. robustus are elevated, S. robustus, S. glorietus stat. nov., and S. idahoensis stat. nov. Additionally, five new species of Sclerobunus are described from New Mexico and Colorado, including S. jemez sp. nov., S. klomax sp. nov., S. skywalkeri sp. nov., S. speoventus sp. nov., and S. steinmanni sp. nov. Several of the newly described species are single-cave endemics, and our findings suggest that further exploration of western North American cave habitats will likely yield additional new species.     

The phylogenetic relationship among Ectothiorhodospiraceae: a reevaluation of their taxonomy on the basis of 16S rDNA analyses

Sequences of the 16S rRNA gene were determined from all type strains of the recognized Ectothiorhodospira species and from a number of additional strains. For the first time, these data resolve the phylogenetic relationships of the Ectothiorhodospiraceae in detail, confirm the established species, and improve the classification of strains of uncertain affiliation. Two major groups that are recognized as separate genera were clearly established. The extremely halophilic species were removed from the genus Ectothiorhodospira and reassigned to the new genus Halorhodospira gen. nov., to recognize that the most halophilic eubacteria are species of this genus. These species are Halorhodospira halophila comb. nov., Halorhodospira halochloris comb. nov., and Halorhodospira abdelmalekii comb. nov. Among the slightly halophilic Ectothiorhodospira species, the classification of strains belonging to Ectothiorhodospira mobilis and Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii was improved. Several strains that were tentatively identified as Ectothiorhodospira mobilis form a separate cluster on the basis of their 16S rDNA sequences and are recognized as two new species: Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila sp. nov., which includes the most alkaliphilic strains originating from strongly alkaline soda lakes, and Ectothiorhodospira marina, describing isolates from the marine environment. Received: 12 October 1995 / Accepted: 1 December 1995     

Occurrence of Sapindopsis (Platanaceae) in the Cretaceous of Eurasia

Three new species of the genus Sapindopsis Fontaine from Central Asia and western Siberia are described: S. neuburgae (Vachr.) Golovn., comb. nov., S. janschinii (Vachr.) Golovn., comb. nov., and S. kryshtofovichii (I. Lebed.) Golovn., comb. nov. Geographical and stratigraphic analyses have shown that the genus evolved in Eurasia from the Middle Albian to the Cenomanian, and was mostly restricted to the subtropics of the Euro-Sinian phytogeographic area from the Middle East to Russian Primorye and northern China. The are no reliable records of Sapindopsis from Europe. The migration of Sapindopsis from North America to Eurasia through the Bering Land Bridge was most probably related to the Early-Middle Albian climatic optimum.     

A REVISION OF SCOMBRID FISHES (SCOMBROIDEI, PERCIFORMES) FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE OF MONTE BOLCA, ITALY

Abstract:  A taxonomic revision of mackerel-like fishes (Scombridae, Scombroidei, Perciformes) from the Monte Bolca localities in Italy is presented as part of continuing research into phylogenetic relationships of fossil and Recent scombroids. Three new genera are proposed: † Godsilia , † Pseudauxides and † Thunnoscomberoides . In addition, species generally known as † Thynnus bolcensis , † Thynnus lanceolatus , † Scombrosarda propterygia , † Scomberomorus speciosus and † Scomberomorus tenuis are renamed † Thunnoscomberoides bolcensis comb. nov., † Godsilia lanceolata comb. nov., † Auxides propterygius comb. nov. and † Pseudauxides speciosus comb. nov., respectively. † S. tenuis , a nomen nudum , is a junior synonym of † P. speciosus . Provisional phylogenetic hypotheses of these Monte Bolca scombrids are as follows. † Auxides and † Pseudauxides are most likely primitive sister taxa of the mackerels Scomber and Rastrelliger with † Pseudauxides as the most primitive. † Godsilia may be placed between Scombrinae and Scomberomorinae. † Thunnoscomberoides seems to fit between Scombrinae and Thunnini.     

New taxa and nomenclatural combinations in Malesian Bauhinia (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae)

The following new taxa have been described Bauhinia foraminifera var. falcata var. nov., B. kockiana var. angustifolia var. nov., B. kockiana var. bakoensis var. nov., B. kockiana var. beccarii var. nov., B. kockiana var. brevipedicellata var. nov., B. kockiana var. calcicola var. nov., B. merrilliana var. borneensis var. nov., B. pachyphylla var. wenzelii var. nov., B. semibifida var. acuminata var. nov., B. semibifida var. bruneiana var. nov., B. semibifida var. longebracfeata var. nov., B. stipularis var. brachystylus var. nov., B. wrayi var. blumeana var. nov., and B. wrayi var. borneensis var. nov.
The following new combinations have been made: Bauhinia ahemiana var. subglabra comb. nov., B. ampla var. schlechteri stat. nov., B. bidentata var. breviflora stat. nov., B. bidentata var. fraseri comb. nov., B. bidentata var. gracilipes stat. nov., B. bidentata var. monticola stat. nov., B. fabrilis comb. & stat. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. amoena comb. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. leptopus comb. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. montana comb. nov., B. integrifolia ssp. integrifolia var. nymphaeifolia comb. nov., B. kockiana var. scarlatina stat. nov., B. kockiana var. sericeinervia comb. nov., B. kockiana var. velutina comb. nov., B. lingua var. antipolana stat. nov., B. lingua var. riedelii stat. nov., B. semibifida var. perkinsae stat. nov., B. semibifda var. stenostachya comb, nov., B. wrayi var. cancellata comb. & stat. nov., B. wrayi var. cardiophylla comb, nov., and B. wrayi var. rubella comb. nov.     

NEW SPECIES OF GENUS MANSONIELLA POPPIUS FROM CHINA (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE)

本文记述了曼盲蝽属ＭａｎｓｏｎｉｅｌａＰｏｐｐｉｕｓ,１９１５的７个新种：环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ａｎｎｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;脊曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｃｒｉｓｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;狭长曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;黄翅曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｆｌａｖａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;胡桃曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｊｕｇｌａｎｄｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;瑰环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｏｓａｃｅａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;赤环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｕｂｉｄａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。提出３个新组合：Ｍ．ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｓａｓａｆｒｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｗａｎｇｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．,均由ＰａｃｈｙｐｅｌｔｉｓＳｉｇｎｏｒｅｔ属移入本属,模式标本存放于南开大学生物系昆虫标本室     

An outline revision of the subsection Gymnocarpae Font Quer of the genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae) in the western part of the Mediterranean region

PERIS, J. B., STUBING, G. & FIGUEROLA, R., 1990. An outline revision of the subsection Gymnocarpae Font Quer of the genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae) in the western part of the Mediterranean region. A monographic study of the subsection Gymnocarpae Font Quer has been carried out in which eleven species have been recognized: Sideritis incana L., S. lacaitae Font Quer, S. cuatrecasasii Peris, Stubing & Figuerola, sp. nov., S. sericea Pers., S. oromaroccana Peris, Stubing & Figuerola, nom. nov., S. guyoniana Boiss. & Reuter, S. altiatlantica (Font Quer) Peris, Stubing & Figuerola, comb. & stat. nov., S. glauca Cav., S. atlantica Pomel, S. regimontana (Maire) Peris, Stubing & Figuerola, comb. & stat. nov. and S. occidentalis (Font Quer) Peris, Stubing & Figuerola, comb. & stat. nov. The typification and iconography for each one of them has been included. Likewise, a simple key has been added for purposes of identification.