四川省凉山州北部栽培苦荞麦的遗传多样性研究

用等位酶电泳技术测定了四川省凉山彝族自治州北部越西和甘洛２县的苦荞麦「Ｆａｇｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｔａｔａｑｒｉｃｕｍ（Ｌ．）Ｇａｅｒｔｎ．」１７个栽培居群的遗传多样性和分化,结合农业生物学性状进行了分析。对７个酶系统的１５个位点的检测表明,苦荞麦居群内的遗传多样性水平高于该州南部的苦荞麦和其他地区甜荞麦,每个位点的等位基因平均数为１．９,多态位点比率为５２．１％,平均实际杂合度和预期杂合度分别为０．１９     

天然红松林等位酶研究

利用红松种子的单倍体胚乳,采用水平切片淀粉凝胶电泳技术,对采自三个地区的天然红松林的材料进行了１０种酶系统的等位酶实验,共获得了１８个等位基因位点,对这１８个位点等位基因的统计分析表明：红松种群的多态位点百分数为Ｐ＝７７．７８％,等位基因平均数为Ａ＝２．０,预期杂合度为Ｈｅ＝０．１６４８。红松种群间遗传分化程度在松属于较低水平。在红松１８个等位基因位点的变异中,绝大部分变异９４．２％来自种群内部,     

柚品种的等位酶变异研究

研究了柚的48个品种的等位酶变异,利用等位酶分析技术对柚的酯酶（EST）,6－磷酸葡萄糖异的酶（PGI）,6－磷酸葡萄糖变位酶（PGM）,莽草酸脱氢酶（SKD）,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）共5个酶系统的10个等位酶基因座进行了分析,除PGI－1,PGI－2两个基因座外,其它8个均为多态性基因座;10个等位酶基因座共观察到的等位基因25个,平均每个基因座的有效等位基因数目为1．55,基因多样度0．2805,柚的品种间具有较为丰富的等位酶标记遗传多样性,但柚类种质资源群体总的遗传多样性水平偏低。柚的较低的有效等位基因数目与基因多样度可能由于人工选择及资源流失造成。     

松毛虫属（Dendrolimus) 部分种类亲缘关系与遗传分化的等位酶分析

采用等位酶聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对松毛虫属5个种和亚种的野生种群进行了亲缘关系和遗传变异的研究.8种等位酶系统(乳酸脱氢酶LDH、苹果酸脱氢酶MDH、苹果酸酶ME、乙醇脱氢酶ADH、甲酸脱氢酶FDH、谷氨酸脱氢酶GDH、过氧化物酶POD、过氧化氢酶CAT)共检测到12个基因位点,其中6个位点为多态位点,检测到15个等位基因.松毛虫属5个种和亚种的总体水平多态位点比率P＝50%,平均有效基因数A = 1.917,平均期望杂合度He =0.267,平均遗传距离为0.0730～0.5701.遗传参数表明松毛虫属昆虫种间存在较高程度的遗传变异,聚类图和遗传距离数据表明赤松毛虫与马尾松毛虫亲缘关系最近,落叶松毛虫与思茅松毛虫亲缘关系最远.     

毛乌素沙地根茎灌木羊柴的遗传多样性和克隆结构

采用淀粉凝胶电泳技术对毛乌素沙地根茎灌木羊柴（ＨｅｄｙｓａｒｕｍｌａｅｖｅＭａｘｉｍ．）８个群体的遗传多样性和克隆结构进行了初步研究。利用１０个酶系统１５个等位酶位点的检测表明,羊柴群体具有较高的遗传变异水平,多态位点百分率Ｐ＝３７．０,等位基因平均数Ａ＝１．４８,平均期望杂合度Ｈｅ＝０．１０１;但８个群体间的分化很小（Ｆｓｔ＝０．０６７）;固定沙丘群体和半固定沙丘群体在等位酶水平上的变异性无显著差异。通过７个多态位点的研究表明,羊柴群体中的克隆多样性很高（Ｄ＝０．９１５６）,但不同克隆在规模上相差很大。同时,群体间的克隆分化较大,广布基因型仅占３．２％。克隆空间结构的分析表明,羊柴的基株分布为游击型构型,克隆之间的镶嵌明显。     

湖北海棠的等位酶变异和遗传多样性研究

采用超薄平板微型聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳方法对湖北海棠（Malus hupehensis)的9个野生居群和2个人工栽培居群的等位酶变异和遗传多样性进行了初步研究。通过对12个酶系统29个酶位点的检测,结果表明湖北海棠有25个酶位点的等位基因频率分布差异,,有10个居群发现稀有等位基因,并有11个（37．9％）重复位点;湖北海棠的遗传多样性水平很高,等位基因平均数A＝2．127,多态位点百分率P＝74．927,平均预期杂合度He=0.376;居群间的基因分化系数GST＝0．224。与其他苹果属植物相比,湖北海棠具有中等丰富的遗传变异水平。居群间的基因流仅为Nm=0.866,表明遗传漂变是影响居群遗传变异和遗传结构的一个重要因素。     

黑斑蛙乳酸脱氢酶和酯酶同功酶的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,分析了黑斑蛙肝脏和眼球中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酯酶（EST）同功酶,乳酸脱氢酶有3个遗传位点,Ldh-2和Ldh-3在肝脏和眼球中均表达,而Ldh-1仅在眼球中表达,这3个位点均为单态。酯酶共有10个点,其中Est-2、Est-4和Est-8为多态位点,Est-1、Est-2和Est-3在肝脏中表达,且活力很高,而在眼球中不表达。     

苍术（Atractybeslancea（Thunb．）DC．）种内遗传多样性分析

分析了苍术（Ａｔｒａｃｔｙｌｏｄｅｓｌａｎｄｅａ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）ＤＣ．）５种等位酶（ＭＤＨ,ＧＤＨ,ＰＰＯ,ＳＯＤ,ＰＥＲ）１２个位点上２５个等位基因的分化特征。结果表明：群体内多态位点比例平均为０．６１,每个位点的平均杂合率为０．２６,每个位点发现的平均等位基因数为１．７８。苍术种内基因多样性的８６％产生在群体内,群体间分化的明显效果为１４％。所有配对组合,群体间的平均遗传距离是０．１１,遗传同一性是０．９０。说明苍术种内变异很大。同时探讨茅苍术的分类位置,认为茅苍术不是苍术和白术的杂交种。     

梭梭同工酶遗传多态性初步研究

采用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对采自新蛹阜康绿洲荒漠过渡带的40个梭梭个体的同工酶遗传多态性进行了初步研究。从24个酶系统中筛选,得到了14个酶系统可用于该植物的遗传变异分析。共检测出30个位点、54个等位基因,其中18个位点表现出多态性。在物种水平上,多态位点比率为60％,而平均每个位点的等位基因数为1．8。本研究的方法和结果将为后续相关研究提供一定的参考。     

苍术（Atractylodeslancea（Thunb.）DC.）种内遗传多样性分析

分析了苍术５种等位酶１２个倍点２５个等位基因的分化特征。结果表明：群体内多态位点比例平均为０．６１，每们位点的平均杂合率为０．２６，每个位点发现的平均等位基因数为１．７８。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).