牛疱疹病毒Ⅳ型(DN-599株)DNA的限制性酶切位点图及重复序列分析

牛疱疹病毒Ⅳ型(BHV-4)DNA片段分别被重组到质粒pUC9或pBR322的EcoRI、Hind Ⅲ和BamHⅠ位点中,用光生物素(Photobiotin)标记这些重组质粒作为探针,分别与转移到硝基纤维素膜上的病毒DNA的EcoRⅠ、Hind Ⅲ和BamHⅠ片段进行杂交,根据杂交结果及克隆的BHV-4DNA片段的双酶切分析,画出了病毒DNA的EcoRⅠ、Hind Ⅲ和BamHⅠ位点图,井证明在病毒DNA的两末端含有多聚重复序列,左侧含12个重复单位,右侧含6个重复单位,两侧重复单位的排列方向相同,重复单位的大小为2.35kb。病毒DNA分子无任何异构体.     

肠杆菌膜蛋白基因的研究——Ⅳ.大肠杆菌染色体DNA Hind Ⅲ酶解片段上

大肠杆菌野生株JE5506(1pp⁺)和突变株JE5505(1pp^-)的染色体DNA的Hind Ⅲ酶解片段,与一带有大肠杆菌外膜脂蛋白信号肽基因的107bp探针,在20℃下进行DNA-DNA杂交,在25kb和3.4kb处各出现一杂交带。该两片段与载体质粒pBR322在体外进行DNA重组,分别得到pHWO14和pHWO15两个重组质粒。该两重组质粒的限制性内切酶酶切图谱,Southern印迹及与107bp探针杂交的实验结果,进一步证明了上述两个DNA片段上存在有与     

犬Ⅰ型腺病毒DNA的酶切分析及分子克隆

犬Ⅰ型腺病毒(CAV-1)弱毒用限制性内切酶EcoR Ⅰ,BamH Ⅰ,Pst Ⅰ,Sph Ⅰ和Hind Ⅲ消化分析后其图谱与强毒株相比没有差异。将弱毒DNA用Pst Ⅰ完全消化后以鸟枪法克隆到载体质粒pBluescrip'SK中,经用光生物素标记的CAV-1 DNA杂交筛选以及Pst Ⅰ分析重组质粒证明已将分子量为5.5,3.5,2.85,1.2,0.32和0.28Kb的CAV-1DNA片段克隆到质粒中。克隆到的这些片段将可考虑进一步研究作为探针检测犬及狐狸等野生动物的腺病毒感染。     

解淀粉芽胞杆菌启动基因的克隆及其对地衣杆菌α-淀粉酶基因的调控

用大肠杆菌启动基因探针质粒pHE5克隆了解淀粉芽胞杆菌的启动基因。供体菌DNA的HindⅢ片段与pHE5重组后转化大肠杆菌,获得一批带启动基因的抗四环素转化子,其中四株的抗性达到200μg/mL,从这四株高抗性转化子中提取质粒,并对其中的一个重组质粒pAE23的插入片段进行限制性图谱分析和缺失研究,获得了一个缺失了部份片段,四环素抗性仍达到200μg/mL的衍生质粒pAED23,经酶切分析证明其上的启动基因位于0.8kb的EcoR Ⅰ—HindⅢ片段上。点杂交分析证实该片段来自解淀粉芽胞杆菌的DNA。将地衣杆菌的α-淀粉酶基因亚克隆至pAED23启动基因下游的HindⅢ位点上能增强该基因在大肠杆菌中的表达。     

粘虫颗粒体病毒增效因子的基因定位

参考粉纹夜蛾Trichoplusia ni 颗粒体病毒增强因子的基因序列,设计PCR引物,用PCR反应扩增出特异性产物。用EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ双酶酶切处理PCR反应产物,然后克隆到质粒pUC19中,构建重组质粒pUC19-SF;对重组质粒pUC19-SF中的外源片段测序,结果证明PCR扩增产物是粘虫颗粒体病毒PuGV-Ps增效因子基因的一段序列。重组质粒pUC19-SF的插入片段标记为探针,通过Southern杂交将增效因子基因定位于PuGV-Ps病毒基因组的多种酶切片段上。     

鹅源腺病毒基因组DNA物理图谱的构建

将鹅源腺病毒Ｙ８１Ｇ４株全基因组ＤＮＡ的ＨｉｎｄⅢ酶切片段分别插入质粒ｐＵＣ１８,成功构建了全基因组ＤＮＡ文库。在此基础上,将重组质粒携带的插入片段切出、回收并分别用地高辛标记后作为探针,与经限制酶ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅤ消化的病毒基因组ＤＮＡ进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ Ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ,杂交结果经比较综合后获得了该病毒基因组ＤＮＡ的ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、Ｅｃ     

中国安徽庐江鸭乙型肝炎病毒全基因组克隆酶谱分析和部分病毒基因正负单链探针的构建

用鸭乙型肝炎病毒(DHBV)阳性的安徽庐江鸭血清感染DHBV阴性的北京雏鸭,扩增病毒,将提取的DHBV-DNA插入pUC18质粒,转化E.coli JM 105。酶切重组质粒及South-ern转膜杂交结果证实,质粒pLJ76的插入片段为DHBV全基因组。用EcoR Ⅰ等11种限制性内切酶对pLJ76进行酶谱分析,并与美国,西德的已知DHBV基因组比较。定向克隆该株病毒不同基因编码区片段,构建正负单链探针,将斑点杂交和单链电泳检出的M13阳性重组子与已知序列的DHBV基因组作比较,提示获得了该株病毒基因组的S、Pre-S、P和X/C等蛋白编码区的正、负单链克隆株。     

棉铃虫核多角体病毒基因库及其物理图谱

本文报道棉铃虫核多角体病毒DNA经限制性内切酶BamHI酶解,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离,得到大小不同的11种片段。所得片段与BamHI酶解的pBR_(322)质粒DNA进行体外重组并转化大肠杆菌LE392菌株。根据菌落杂交和插入片段的分子量等鉴定,证明获得11个插入了病毒DNA片段的重组质粒,但其中两个大片段克隆的分子量比原片段小。通过限制酶EcoRI和BamHI酶解片段的交叉吸印杂交及用~(32)p标记的克隆片段与病毒DNA酶解片段杂交等方法,构建了病毒基因组BamHI的物理图谱。杂交结果表明,病毒基因组主要由独特的序列组成。     

转座子Tn233(CH)链霉素敏感突变种及其回变种的研究

转座子Tn233-1(CH)是Tn233(CH)的链霉素敏感突变种,比较了突变种质粒pBR322:: Tn233-1(CH)DNA和野生型质粒pBR322::Tn233(CH)DNA的EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ、HindⅢ与PstI限制性内切酶图谱,结果表明Tn233-1(CH)中带链霉素抗性基因的限制片段H3上插入了一个约800bp长的IS因子,在这个插入的DNA片段上有一个PstI切点而没有EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ及HindⅢ切点。 对链霉素抗性回变种的质粒DNA pBR322:: Tn233-1-R(CH)的限制图谱加以分析后表明,插入在H3限制性片段上的IS因子已经切除,但是限制片段E2与E3的长度发生了改变。此外,在限制片段E2上出现了一个新的IS插入片段,在这一插入片段上有一个HindⅢ与PstⅠ切点。我们对此突变与回变的机理进行了讨论。     

环状芽孢杆菌C-2几丁酶基因的克隆

环状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus circulans)C-2总DNA经PstI部分酶切后分离2～10kb的片段,插入质粒pUC19的PstI位点,转化大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),利用几丁质平板从约8000个重组子中筛选到一个几丁酶基因阳性克隆(命名为pCHT1)。用12种限制酶对重组质粒进行的酶切分析表明,重组质粒中的插入片段长3.0kb,其中各有一个KpnI,SacI和SspI位点。把该克隆片段反向插入pUC19的PstI位点所得到的重组子同样具有几丁酶基因表达活性,说明此片段含有一个完整的几丁酶基因,其自身的启动子能被大肠杆菌转录系统所识别。Southern杂交证实了该片段来自于B.circulans C-2基因组,且以单拷贝形式存在,它不能与来自于其它7株几丁酶产生菌的总DNA杂交。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.