湖南张家界的丝孢菌 Ⅱ.尾孢菌属和假尾孢属

本文报道尾孢菌属的4个种和假尾孢属的5个种,其中有3个新组合:乌黑假尾孢[Pseudocercospora fuliginosa(Ell.& Kell.)Zhao & Guo,comb.nov.],安息香假尾孢[Pse-udocercospora styracae(Chupp)Guo & Zhao,comb.nov.],水红木假尾孢[Pseudocercosporaviburni-cylindrici(Tai)Guo & Zhao,comb.nov.]和一个中国新记录。文中对新组合进行了简要描述并绘图。研究的标本分别保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)和中国林业科学研究院林业研究所(HPAF)。     

中国拟盘多毛孢属真菌的七个新组合

作者按照Steyaert(1949)和Sutton(1980)的分类观点,对1987—1988年从我国广西、江西、浙江等地采集的Pestalotiopsis属真菌进行了研究,确认了拟盘多毛孢属真菌的7个新组合种,即Pestalotiopsis carveri(Guba)comb nov.,Pestalotiopsis elasticae(Koord.)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis langloisii(Guba)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis oleandri(Guba)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis sinensis(shen)comb.nov.,Pestalotiopsis sydowiana(Bres.)comb.nov.和Pestalotiopsis zahlbruckneriana(Bres.)comb.nov.     

人参木属—五加科一新属

本文报导五加科一新属,人参本属Chengiopanax Shang et J.Y.Huang,新组合2种,即华人参木Ch.fargesii(Franch.)Shang et J.Y.Hung及人参木Ch.sciadophylloides(Franch.et Sav.)Shang et J.Y.Huang。     

长足虻亚科系统发育研究及三新属记述(双翅目,长足虻科)

采用支序分析的方法首次对古北和东洋区长足虻亚科的24属3亚属之间的系统发育关系进行了分析.结果表明,长足虻亚科为一严格的单系群,其中Ahercostomus、Allohercostomus、Tachytrechus和Aphalacrosoma为一单系群,Tachytrechus和Aphalacrosoma为姐妹群.原为寡长足虻属Hercostomus亚属之一的Gymnopternus与新属Setihercostomus的亲缘关系较近,为有效属.粗柄长足虻属Ludovicius与Sybistroma为一严格单系群,建议合并为一属.弓脉长足虻属Paraclius Coquillet应为Pelastoneurus的异名.建立3新属,即准长毛长足虻属Aphypophyllus gen nov,模式种Ahy-pophyllus sinensis(Yang,1996);准白长足虻属Aphalacrosoma gen nov,模式种Aphalacrosoma postiseta(Yang et Saigusa,2001);毛颜寡长足虻属Setihercostomus gen nov.,模式种Setihercostomus zonalis(Yang,Yang et Li,1998).原为寡长足虻属的亚属Ahercostomus提升为属,模式种Hercostomus(Ahercostomus)jiangchenganus(Yang et Saigusa,2001).建立的新组合为:Ahypophytlus sinensis(Yang,1996)comb. nov. , Aphalacrosoma hubeiense (Yang, 1998) comb. nov., A. postiseta (Yang et Saigusa, 2001) comb. nov.,A. sichuanense (Yang et Saigusa, 1999) comb. nov., Seti hercostomus setifacies (Stackelberg, 1934) comb. nov., S. zonalis (Yang, Yang et Li, 1998)comb. nov., S. wuyangensis (Wei, 1997) comb. nov., S. huangi (Zhang, Yang et Masunaga, 2004) and Ahercostomus jiangchenganus (Yanget Saigusa, 2001) comb. nov. .     

东亚茎蜂科二新属(膜翅目)

描述了东亚膜翅目茎蜂科两新属:大跗茎蜂属Magnitarsijanus gen.nov.和短痣茎蜂属Stigmatijanus gen.nov.,前者分布于中国和日本,后者分布于中国东部,其模式种分别为Janus kashivorus Yano et Sato,1928和Janus stigmaticus Maa,1949.建立了2个新组合:红盾大跗茎蜂Magnitarsijanus kashivorus(Yano et Sato,1928)comb.nov.和黄鳞短痣茎蜂Stigmatijanus stigmaticus(Maa,1949)comb.nov.,其中红盾大跗茎蜂是中国新纪录种.     

中国蚁粉蚧属的初步研究（同翅目：蚧总科：粉蚧科）

记述我国蚁粉蚧属一新种：杨凌蚁粉蚧Formicococcus yanglingensis sp.nov.,建立一新组合;天麻蚁粉蚧F.gasteris(Wang,1982)comb.nov.(移自簇粉蚧属Paraputo Liang),并将F.gastrodiae Tang(1992)作为该种的异名处理。此外,还编制了蚁粉蚧属中国种类分种检索表。新种模式标本保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室。     

寄生在菇类上的轮枝菌近似属

本文报道了我国栽培及野生菇类上的寄生真菌,1个新变种:紫聚伞霉星梗变种Sibirina purpurec var. asterophora, J. D.Chen, 8个新记录,其中1个新组合:星梗聚伞霉Sibirina astrophorea(de Hoog)J.D.Chen)。它们都是轮枝菌近似属。有4个是我国罕见属、种。对它们的培养性状、形态特征分别作详细描述,并列出寄主名称、分布地区、附图及照片。     

中国菊科植物上拟盘梗霉属的新种和新组合

拟盘梗霉属(Bremiella G.W.Wilson)霜霉,全世界已报道2个种。本文报道寄生于我国菊科植物上的1个新种及2个新组合。新种是寄生于茼蒿上的Bremiella multiformis Tao et Y.Qin sp.nov.。新组合是欧茼蒿上的Bremiella chrysanthemi-coronarii(Sawada)Tao comb.nov。及黄花蒿上的Bremiella artemisiae-annuae(Ling et M. C.Tai)Tao comb.nov.。对新种作了汉文及拉丁文描述,并附有形态图,还讨论了新种和新组合与近似种之间的区别。     

国产樟科楠属五种植物之分类修订

根据分子系统学研究结果,楠属（Phoebe）中以其宿存的花被片在果时松散、先端外倾,果实球形为特征的物种,即山楠Phoebe chinensis Chun,小花楠P．minutiflora H．W．Li,竹叶楠P．faberi（Hemsl．）Chun,小叶楠Pmicrophylla H．W．Li以及长毛楠P．forrestiiW．W．Smith均应归入润楠属（Machilus）,其中原先作为润楠属物种发表的竹叶润楠Machilus faberi Hemsl．应予采用,但山楠一种其种加词发表时已是晚出同名,另起新名为Machilus montana L．Li,J．Li＆H．W．Li,nom．nov,而余下三种作为新组合在此发表,即：M.minutiflora（H．W．Li）L．Li,J．Li＆H．W．Li,comb．nov．;M．microphylla（H．W．Li）L．Li．J．Li＆H.W．Li,comb．nov．及Mforrestii（W．W．Smith）L．Li,J．Li＆H_W．Li,comb．nov．。     

寄生在菇类上的轮枝菌近似属*

本文报道了我国栽培及野生菇类上的寄生真菌,1个新变种:紫聚伞霉星梗变种Sibirina purpurec var. asterophora, J. D.Chen, 8个新记录,其中1个新组合:星梗聚伞霉Sibirina astrophorea(de Hoog)J.D.Chen)。它们都是轮枝菌近似属。有4个是我国罕见属、种。对它们的培养性状、形态特征分别作详细描述,并列出寄主名称、分布地区、附图及照片。     

Merging Maddenia with the morphologically diverse Prunus (Rosaceae)

Maddenia (Rosaceae) has been distinguished from Prunus on the basis of its tepaloid perianth and one‐ to two‐carpellate gynoecium. These distinctive morphological traits nonetheless overlap with several Prunus spp. Maddenia has previously been shown to be nested within Prunus, more specifically within a clade containing members of subgenera Laurocerasus and Padus, but its phylogenetic position within that clade has not been defined precisely. This study clarifies the position of Maddenia within Prunus through phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and plastid ndhF sequences, with an expanded sampling of tropical species of subgenus Laurocerasus and the inclusion of three Maddenia spp. The monophyly of Maddenia is supported by both the ITS and ndhF analyses, but both datasets support the inclusion of Maddenia in Prunus. All trees from the ITS analysis and some trees from the ndhF analysis also support a close alliance of Maddenia with a clade comprising temperate species of subgenera Laurocerasus and Padus. On the basis of these results, all recognized species of Maddenia are herein formally transferred to Prunus, which requires four new combinations and one new name: Prunus fujianensis (Y.T.Chang) J.Wen, comb. nov. ; Prunus himalayana J.Wen, nom. nov. ; Prunus hypoleuca (Koehne) J.Wen, comb. nov. ; Prunus hypoxantha (Koehne) J.Wen, comb. nov. ; and Prunus incisoserrata (T.T.Yü & T.C.Ku) J.Wen, comb. nov. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 164 , 236–245.     

山西轮藻属新植物

本文报道采自山西省的轮藻属植物2个新种,运城轮藻Chara yunchengensis,拟灰色轮藻C.pseudocanescens和3个中国新记录,阿尔泰轮藻C.altaica,豪威轮藻C.howeana,味美轮藻簇毛变种C.delicatula var.barbata     

Phylogeny and biogeography of Aralia sect. Aralia (Araliaceae)

Aralia sect. Aralia (Araliaceae) consists of approximately eight species disjunctly distributed in Asia and North America. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses were conducted using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Aralia racemosa from eastern North America was sister to A. californica from western North America. Aralia cordata from eastern Asia did not form a species-pair relationship with the eastern North American A. racemosa. The two subspecies of A. racemosa formed a monophyletic group. Biogeographic analyses showed a close area relationship between eastern North America and western North America. The Himalayas were cladistically basal and eastern Asia was placed between the Himalayas and North America. The biogeographic analysis supported the origin of the eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct pattern in Aralia sect. Aralia via the Bering land bridges. Comparisons with results of phylogenetic analyses of other genera suggested that (1) the floristic connection between eastern North America and western North America may be stronger than previously thought; and (2) the biogeographic patterns in the Northern Hemisphere are complex. Furthermore, a lack of correlation between sequence divergence values and phylogenetic positions was observed, suggesting the importance of a phylogenetic framework in biogeographic analyses.     

中国楤木属一新种

记载了中国五加科一新种太白　木（ＡｒａｌｉａｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓＺ．Ｚ．ＷａｎｇｅｔＨＣ．Ｚｈｅｎｇ）     

Description of a new diatom genus Dorofeyukea gen. nov. with remarks on phylogeny of the family Stauroneidaceae

Type material of Navicula kotschyi was studied, and this species was transferred to Dorofeyukea gen. nov. as D. kotschyi comb. nov. Dorofeyukea was described on the basis of DNA sequence and morphological data. Additional species assigned to this genus that were previously included in Navicula include: D. ancisa comb. nov., D. grimmei comb. nov., D. ivatoensis comb. nov., D. orangiana comb. nov., D. rostellata comb. nov. & stat. nov., D. savannahiana comb. nov., D. tenuipunctata comb. nov., and D. texana comb. nov. All Dorofeyukea species share the same morphological features, including having a narrow stauroid fascia surrounded by 1–3 irregularly shortened striae, uniseriate, and weakly radiate striae, circular, or rectangular puncta in the striae that are covered internally by dome‐shaped hymenes, presence of a pseudoseptum at each apex and absence of septa. Partial DNA sequences of SSU and rbcL loci show Dorofeuykae belongs to the clade of stauroneioid diatoms together with Stauroneis, Prestauroneis, Craticula, Karayevia, Madinithidium, Fistulifera, Parlibellus, and, possibly, Schizostauron. A new species from the monoraphid genus Madinithidium, M. vietnamica sp. nov., was described based on valve and chloroplast morphology as well as DNA sequence data.     

Taxonomic contributions to Hapalidiales (Corallinophycidae,Rhodophyta): Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., Lithothamnion redefined and with three new species and Roseolithon with new combinations

Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL gene sequences and of concatenated rbcL, psbA, and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences resolved the generitype of Lithothamnion, L. muelleri, in a clade with three other southern Australian species, L. kraftii sp. nov., L. saundersii sp. nov., and L. woelkerlingii sp. nov. Cold water boreal species currently classified in Lithothamnion and whose type specimens have been sequenced are transferred to Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., with B. glaciale comb. nov. as the generitype. The other species are B. giganteum comb. nov., B. phymatodeum comb. nov., and B. sonderi comb. nov., whose type specimens are newly sequenced, and B. lemoineae comb. nov., B. soriferum comb. nov., and B. tophiforme comb. nov., whose type specimens were already sequenced. Based on rbcL sequences from the type specimens of Lithothamnion crispatum, L. indicum, and L. superpositum, each is recognized as a distinct species and transferred to the recently described Roseolithon as R. crispatum comb. nov., R. indicum comb. nov., and R. superpositum com. nov., respectively. To correctly assign species to these three genera based only on morpho-anatomy, specimens must have multiporate conceptacles and some epithallial cells with flared walls. The discussion provides examples demonstrating that only with phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences can the evolution of morpho-anatomical characters of non-geniculate corallines be understood and applied at the correct taxonomic rank. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences support recognition of the Hapalidiales as a distinct order characterized by having multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles, and not as a suborder of Corallinales whose tetra/bisporangial conceptacles are uniporate.     

Nomenclatural notes to Nordic Macromycetes vol. 1 & 3

A new species, Thanatephorus uniygdalisporirs , is described and a number of new combinations and a new name are proposed: Bryoglossum rehmii comb. nov., Lachnellula juniperinu comb. nov., Lactarius torminosulus nom. nov., Lentaria dendroidea comb. nov., Postia ptyhogaster comb. nov., Stecclierinum collabens comb. nov., S. luteoalbum comb. nov., S. nitidum comb. nov., S. pseudozilingiunum comb. nov., S. separabilimum comb. nov., Syzygospora mycophaga comb. nov., Thanatephorus fusisporus comb. nov., Tremella invasa comb. nov., Uncobasidium albidum comb. nov. and Woldmaria filicina comb. nov. A number of notes on clavarioid fungi are given.