针刺夹脊穴配合围刺治疗股外侧皮神经炎60例的疗效观察

目的:观察针刺华佗夹脊穴(L2、L3)配合围刺治疗股外侧皮神经炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例本病患者随机分为治疗组(30例)、对照组(30例)。治疗组:针刺L2、L3夹脊穴,并对病变局部围刺治疗;对照组:进行围刺治疗。结果:治疗组:临床痊愈3例(10%),显效12例(40%),有效10例(33.3%);对照组:临床痊愈2例(6.7%),显效8例(26.7%),有效9例(30%)。对照组总有效率(83.3%)与对照组(63.4%)比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:针刺夹脊穴配合围刺可有效地改善股外侧皮神经炎所引起的疼痛症状。     

不同入路小切口髋关节置换对老年股骨颈骨折的比较研究

目的:探讨前外侧与后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折临床疗效。方法:选取我院创伤骨科老年股骨颈骨折患者92例,随机分为两组,A组46例,予以后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗;B组46例,予以前外侧小切口髋关节置换术治疗。记录并比较两组患者手术临床资料、术后并发症情况,采用Harris评分评价术后关节功能,调查问卷调查术后满意度。结果:1A组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量和术后引流量明显小于B组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);然两组患者住院时间相比无明显差异(P0.05);2A组术后关节功能与B组相比较,无明显差异(P0.05);而A组术后并发症发生率明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3A组的患者术后满意率明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:前外侧和后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折临床疗效相似,但后外侧路小切口操作简便,能够缩短手术时间、减少手术出血量、降低术后并发生症发生,患者满意度较高,对老年股骨颈骨折治疗临床价值较高。     

游离股前外侧皮瓣修复眼镜蛇伤致小腿皮肤坏死缺损的临床分析

目的评价游离股前外侧皮瓣修复眼镜蛇咬伤后小腿皮肤坏死缺损的临床价值。方法按游离股前外侧皮瓣修复及其他皮瓣修复方法分组,游离股前外侧皮瓣修复(观察组)20例,其他皮瓣修复(对照组)16例,并对两组效果进行分析。结果完全成活率比较,观察组为95%,对照组为68.75%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.036,P0.05);成活率比较,观察组为100%,对照组为93.75%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0,P0.05);两组患者小腿软组织缺损面积比较无统计学差异(t=0.03,P0.05)。结论游离股前外侧皮瓣对修复眼镜蛇咬伤后小腿皮肤坏死缺损的效果较好,完全成活率较高。     

不同频率电针治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效观察

目的:通过临床研究探讨电针治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的最佳参数,为临床提供更加规范性的治疗,进一步提高电针疗效。方法:将符合膝关节骨性关节炎诊断标准的73例单膝患者随机分为电针疏波组、密波组两组,均针刺患侧膝眼穴,疏波组接2Hz连续波治疗,密波组接40Hz连续波治疗,采用WOMAC评分对两组治疗后疼痛、僵硬、躯体功能进行评估,同时判断1个疗程及3个疗程治疗效果。结果:经统计学处理,完成第一疗程后,两组疼痛评分比较,P均<0.01,说明两组在疼痛疗效上存在差异。而两组僵硬和躯体功能评分的比较,P>0.05,显示两组没有统计学意义。第3疗程后,两组WOMAC总分比较,P均<0.01,具有极显著性差异,第3疗程症状积分低于第1疗程,说明第3疗程后症状改善优于第1疗程。结论:电针疏波组在改善疼痛上优于密波组;第3疗程后,总体症状改善情况优于第1疗程。     

调理脾胃法治疗维持性血透患者营养不良的报告

目的:探讨调理脾胃法治疗维持性血透患者营养不良的效果.方法:40例维持性血透患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组在对症处理相同、血透相关因素一致条件下进行维持血透治疗,治疗组同时根据辨证分型服用调理脾胃中药,疗程3个月.结果:与本组治疗前相比较,治疗后的各项生化指标明显提高(P<0.01),蛋白分解率也较治疗前提高(P<0.05),SGA分级好转(P<0.01),临床常见症状体征积分随治疗时间延长呈下降趋势(P(0.05);治疗组与对照组治疗后的各项生化指标、蛋白分解率、SGA分级及临床常见症状体征积分等差异均具有显著性(P<0.05).结论:中药调理脾胃法可以改善维持性血透患者营养不良状况.     

腓骨短肌腱外侧韧带重建术治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的临床疗效

目的:研究外侧副韧带重建手术结合关节镜检查治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的临床疗效。方法:选取2012年7月-2014年7月我院收治的慢性踝关节外侧不稳患者60例,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组30例。对照组患者给予保守治疗,研究组患者采取踝关节镜探查清理联合腓骨短肌腱外侧韧带重建手术进行治疗。应用美国足踝外科裸-后足功能评分系统(AOFAS)评价两组患者治疗前后的踝关节功能评分,并比较两组的优良率、复发率以及并发症的发生率。结果:两组治疗前的AOFAS功能评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05),两组治疗后的AOFAS功能评分均较治疗前显著升高,且研究组显著高于对照组,差异具体统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组的优良率为96.7%(29/30),显著高于对照组的73.3%(22/30);研究组的复发率为0.0%(0/30),显著低于对照组的13.3%(4/30);研究组并发症的发生率为3.3%(1/30),显著低于对照组的20.0%(6/30),两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:外侧副韧带重建手术结合关节镜检查治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳具有较好的临床疗效,且复发率较低,并发症较少。     

曲美他嗪联合氯吡格雷治疗不稳定心绞痛的疗效观察

目的:观察曲美他嗪(trimetazidine,TMZ)联合氯吡格雷(clopidogrel,CPG)治疗不稳定型心绞痛(UPA)患者的临床疗效。方法:选择UAP患者76例,随机分为两组:对照组(38例)给予阿司匹林、利尿剂、血管扩张剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或β受体阻滞剂等常规药物;TMZ联合CPG组(38例)在常规药物治疗基础上加用TMZ(20mgtid×56d)、氯吡格雷(首次300mg,75mg/日×55d治疗。结果:治疗后与治疗前相比,TMZ联合CPG组心绞痛改善的临床显效率(52.6%)和总有效率(87%)均较对照组(26.3%和57.9%)显著提高(P<0.01),心绞痛发作频率持续时间显著减少(p<0.01),TMZ联合CPG组心率、血压、左室射血分数、左室舒张末期容积、左室收缩末期容积均有显著改善(P<0.01或P<0.05),运动耐量(NYHA分级)明显改善,TMZ联合CPG组与对照组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01或P<0.05),未观察药物不良反应。结论:用TMZ联合CPG治疗UAP是一种安全有效的方法。     

负压创面治疗技术对皮肤移植成活的临床观察及实验研究

目的:采用负压固定移植皮片方法,观察负压创面治疗技术(negative-pressure wound therapy,NPWT)对游离皮片成活的影响,初步探讨微血管形成与皮肤成活之间的关系。方法:采用回顾性研究的方法,对65例皮肤缺损的患者,根据皮肤移植术后皮片固定方法的不同,分为两组,其中I组为NPWT治疗组,有35例患者,刃厚游离皮片移植术后行创面负压吸引治疗;II组为常规治疗组,有30例患者,刃厚游离皮片移植术后用打包或加压包扎的方式固定。Balb/c小鼠20只,按皮片移植后不同固定加压方式,分为实验组:负压创面治疗技术使用组(10只),对照组:打包加压组(10只),于皮片移植术后第5天,大体观察移植皮片颜色、有无水疱、有无皮下积液及质地,计算并比较皮片成活率,以免疫组化染色标记毛细血管内皮,检测皮片中微血管情况。结果:临床观察表明:I组术后皮片成活时间平均较II组缩短,有统计学差异(P<0.01),I组术后住院治疗时间平均较II组缩短5天,有统计学差异(P<0.01),I组术后抗生素费用、换药次数及换药费用较II组减少,有统计学差异(P<0.01)。动物实验结果表明:术后第5天,实验组小鼠移植皮片中微血管增生较对照组明显增多(P<0.05)。结论:与常规打包或加压包扎固定皮片的方式相比,负压创面治疗技术的应用可以缩短皮片成活时间,缩短患者住院治疗时间,减少抗生素的使用及换药次数,促进移植皮片中毛细血管增生,提高皮片成活率。     

游离股前外侧皮瓣修复对急诊肢体复合组织缺损患者近期和远期预后的影响

摘要 目的：探讨与分析游离股前外侧皮瓣修复对急诊肢体复合组织缺损患者近期和远期预后的影响。方法：2015年4月到2021年9月选择在本院急诊的下肢复合组织缺损患者66例作为研究对象,根据1:1随机分配原则把患者分为研究组与对照组各33例。研究组给予游离股前外侧皮瓣修复治疗,对照组给予下肢外侧皮瓣修复治疗,观察与随访患者的近期和远期预后情况。结果：所有患者都顺利完成急诊修复治疗,所有皮瓣都创面都Ⅰ期愈合,研究组的术后住院时间、术后换药次数、术后上皮组织完全覆盖创面时间、术后创面愈合时间少于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组术后3个月的皮瓣血供优良率为100.0 %,高于对照组的84.8 %（P<0.05）。研究组术后3个月的血肿、伤口感染、血管危象、骨髓炎等并发症发生率为3.0 %,低于对照组的27.3 %（P<0.05）。研究组术后12个月的皮瓣保护性感觉率为100.0 %,高于对照组的78.8 %（P<0.05）。结论：游离股前外侧皮瓣修复在急诊肢体复合组织缺损患者的应用能促进患者康复,提高皮瓣血供优良率,还可减少并发症的发生,改善患者远期的皮瓣保护性感觉状况。     

枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的疗效评价

目的评价枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的临床疗效和安全性。方法 72例NASH患者被随机分为治疗组(37例)和对照组(35例)。两组均接受生活方式干预和常规护肝(多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊456 mg/次,3次/d,口服;维生素E软胶囊0.1 g/次,2次/d,口服),治疗组在此基础上加用枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊500 mg/次,3次/d,口服。2组疗程均为4个月。观察两组患者治疗前及治疗后肝功能(ALT、AST、GGT)、空腹血糖(FBG)及血脂(TC、TG、HDL、LDL),检测血清内毒素、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(CRP)水平及B超下脂肪肝影像变化。结果治疗后治疗组ALT、AST、GGT、FBG、TC、TG、LDL明显降低,HDL明显升高(P0.05或P0.01),对照组ALT、AST、GGT、TC、TG、LDL也明显降低(P0.01),且治疗组较对照组降低更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗组内毒素、TNF-α、CRP水平明显降低(P0.01),对照组TNF-α、CRP水平也明显降低(P0.01),且治疗组较对照组降低更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗组B超分度变化有明显改善(P0.01),但对照组治疗前后及两组治疗后差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗过程中未发现明显不良反应。结论枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊可降低NASH患者血清内毒素、TNF-α、CRP水平,改善其肝功能、血脂及脂肪肝程度,无不良反应。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.