谢丽思夜蛾雄性描记

谢丽思夜蛾Autographa schalisema(Hampson,1913)隶属金翅夜蛾亚科Plusiinae,迄今仅知雌虫。本文首次描记采自重庆的雄虫,拍摄了雄虫整体图和外生殖器照片。     

基于蛾翅翅脉特征的夜蛾昆虫数字化分类研究 （鳞翅目：夜蛾科）

本文以夜蛾昆虫为研究对象,利用蛾右前翅翅脉特征对7种夜蛾昆虫进行数字化分类研究。首先,利用软件tpsDig2提取蛾翅翅室周围翅脉交点作为标记点;再利用普世叠加方法消除非形状因素等信息,计算出每一个翅脉交点与初始交点的距离作为特征参数;最后,利用方差分析和逐步判别分析验证各项特征参数对7种夜蛾进行分类的可行性、有效性和重要性。研究结果表明,筛选出5项特征参数可以作为分类变量,其作用大小依次为:(Dis_(16)、Dis_(17))(Dis_(13)、Dis_(15))Dis_(12),原始判别和交叉判别结果的正确率分别为96.2%和96.2%。这说明蛾翅翅脉的特征参数可用于蛾类昆虫的数字化分类鉴定。     

潜织蛾属Locheutis Meyrick 在中国首次报道及一新种记述(鳞翅目：织蛾科)

首次报道了潜织蛾属Locheutis Meyrick 在中国的分布,并记述了一新种：天目潜织蛾L. tianmushana sp. nov.,采自浙江省天目山。该新种与 L. empolaea Meyrick相似,但可通过雄性外生殖器特征区别：该种抱器瓣端部不膨大,具稀疏刚毛;阳茎端基环端部有一堆短刺;阳茎约为抱器瓣的1.5倍长,端部具微刺和疣突。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系。     

潜织蛾属Locheutis Meyrick 在中国首次报道及一新 种记述(鳞翅目：织蛾科)

 首次报道了潜织蛾属Locheutis Meyrick 在中国的分布,并 记述了一新种：天目潜织蛾Ltianmushana sp.nov.,采自浙江省天目山。该新种与 L empolaea Meyrick相似,但可通过雄性外生殖器特征区别：该种抱器瓣端部不膨大, 具稀疏刚毛;阳茎端基环端部有一堆短刺;阳茎约为抱器瓣的1.5倍长,端部具微刺和疣突 。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系。     

中国绮夜蛾属Acontia Ochsenheimer分类学修订（鳞翅目：夜蛾科：绮夜蛾亚科）

首次报道尺蛾科泽尺蛾属Zamarada Moore, 1887和超泽尺蛾Z. excisa Hampson, 1891在我国分布,给出了形态描述和特征图。     

Biological and molecular characterization of a multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus from Thysanoplusia orichalcea (L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

A multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (ThorMNPV) that was co-isolated with a single nucleocapid ThorSNPV from mixed infected larvae of Thysanoplusia orichalcea L. (Lepidoptea: Noctuidae) is characterized. Scanning electron microscopy of ThorMNPV showed a dodecahedral-shaped occlusion body (OB). The occluded virions contained one to as many as eight nucleocapsids/virion. Virion band profiles in gradient centrifugation were consistent in at least 10 rounds of centrifugation from different virion sample preparations. The ThorMNPV had high virulence to third instar Trichoplusia ni and Pseudoplusia includens with LD50 values of 17 and 242OBs per larva, respectively. However, ThorMNPV did not cause mortality in Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania, Anticarsia gemmatalis, and Helicoverpa zea. ThorMNPV replicates in cells of various tissues such as the fat body and tracheal epithelium cells. T. ni High 5 cells were permissive to ThorMNPV in terms of infection and viral DNA transfection, but SF-21 was less permissive and the infection process was slower. Production of OBs by ThorMNPV in the nuclei of SF-21 was not well pronounced. The genome size of ThorMNPV was estimated to be 136 kb. The polyhedrin gene open reading frame (ORF) was cloned and completely sequenced. The promoter sequence is identical to that of Autographa californica MNPV. Phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of the polh, lef-8, and lef-9 revealed that ThorMNPV is a member of the Group I NPVs and is related but distinct from the AcMNPV/Rachiplusia ou NPV/Bombyx mori NPV cluster.     

Characterization of a single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus of Thysanoplusia orichalcea L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Indonesia

A single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) isolated from Thysanoplusia orichalcea L. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) (ThorNPV) in Indonesia has tetrahedral occlusion bodies (OBs) with a width of 1. 22 microm (range = 0.803-1.931 microm). The length of the virion with an envelope averaged 0.29 and 0.23 microm without an envelope. ThorNPV was propagated in Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) and its authenticity was confirmed by sequence analysis of the polyhedrin gene of the ThorNPV produced in T. orichalcea and P. includens. Polyhedrin amino acid sequence analysis revealed that ThorNPV belongs to Group II of baculoviruses and is closely related to Trichoplusia ni single nucleocapsid NPV, sharing 97.6% sequence identity. Infectivity of ThorNPV against third instar P. includens was low, with a LD(50) value of 65,636 OBs/larva. Electron microscopy of infected tissues showed many polyhedra without virions embedded, which might explain the low virulence against P. includens. Differences in virion occlusion rates between individual cells in the same tissue suggested that the inoculum consisted of at least two variants that differed in the gene(s) controlling virion occlusion. In a host range test using the LD(50) value to P. includens against Spodoptera exigua, S. frugiperda, S. eridania, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Helicoverpa zea, Trichoplusia ni, and P. includens, P. includens was the only species infected. The virus infected primarily the fat body, tracheal epithelium, and hypodermis. The genomic size of the ThorNPV is 135 kb.     

侧织蛾属在中国首次报道及一新种记述（鳞翅目：织蛾科）

首次报道了侧织蛾属Pleurota Hübner在中国的分布,并记述一新种齿侧织蛾Pleurota dentata Wang et Li,该种采自新疆,与Pleurota rostrella Hübner相似,但可通过雄性外生殖器与之区别：新种阳茎基环基部向前缘明显渐窄,端部不膨大;阳茎基部和端部略宽于中部,基部1/3处弯,中部一侧具齿。同时报道了二中国新记录种：钝侧织蛾Pleurota obtusella Robel,分布于新疆和俄罗斯;考侧织蛾Pleurota kostjuki Lvovsky,分布于新疆和俄罗斯。文中提供了雌雄外生殖器特征图,给出了中国已知种的检索表。研究标本保存在南开大学生物系。     

Structure and function of antennal lobe neurons in the male turnip moth,Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Interneurons with dendritic branches in the antennal lobe of the male turnip moth, Agrotis segetum (Schiff., Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were investigated with intracellular recording and staining methods. Seventeen projection neurons that transmit information from the antennal lobe to higher centers in the brain displayed dendritic arbors in the male specific macroglomerular complex (MGC) and responded to chemical components of the female sex pheromone used in species-specific sexual communication. Most of the projection neurons responded to several of the pheromone components tested, and a precise correlation between the location of the dendritic arborization and the physiological response could not be demonstrated. One MGC-projection neuron fit the definition of blend specialist. It did not respond to the individual components of the behaviorally active pheromone blend, but showed a strong response to the components when combined in the species-specific blend. Some of the projection neurons also showed clear responses to phenylacetaldehyde, a flower-produced compound and/or to (E)-2-hexenal, a common green-leaf volatile. In eight neurons, the axonal projection could be followed to the calyces of the mushroom body, and subsequently to the inferior lateral protocerebrum.Four local interneurons were characterized both morphologically and physiologically. Each neuron arborized extensively throughout the antennal lobe, and each responded to one or several of the pheromone compounds, and/or to one or both of the plant-produced compounds. One of the local interneurons responded exclusively to the pheromone blend, but not to the individual components.Abbreviations AL antennal lobe - AN antennal nerve - CB cell body - E2H (E)-2-hexenal - IACT inner antennocerebral tract - ILPR inferior lateral protocerebrum - LH lateral horn of the protocerebrum - LN local interneuron - MB mushroom body - MGC macroglomerular complex - OACT outer antennocerebral tract - PAA phenylacetaldehyde - PN projection interneuron - RN receptor neuron - Z5-10:OAc (Z)-5-decenyl acetate - Z5-10:OH (Z)-5-decenol - Z5-12:OAc (Z)-5-dodecenyl acetate - Z7-12:OAc (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate - Z9-14:OAc (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate     

点展足蛾属在中国的首次记录及一新种记述（鳞翅目：织蛾科，展足蛾亚科）

首次报道了点展足蛾属Hieromantis Meyrick在中国的分布,记述了新种申点展足蛾Hieromantis sheni Li et Wang, sp. Nov.和中国新记录种洁点展足蛾Hieromantis kurokoi Yasuda, 1988（分布于河南,陕西,河北,湖北）,并绘制了两性外生殖器图。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系标本室。     

Eucoptocnemis tischendorfi (Püngeler) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae): New record for Iran with description of female of Brachygalea miskoi Ronkay (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Oncocnemidinae)

A noctuid species, Eucoptocnemis tischendorfi (Püngeler, 1915) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is first reported for the fauna of Iran and the female of Brachygalea miskoi Ronkay, 1997 is first described. Adults including genitalia of both species are illustrated.     

Megalorhipida leucodactyla (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae): first distribution record from Chile and new host plant record

The presence of Megalorhipida leucodactyla (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) in Chile is reported for the first time from the Azapa valley, northern Chile. In this locality, some immature stages of M. leucodactyla were found to be associated with Tessaria absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC., Asteraceae, a new host plant record at the species, genus and family level for M. leucodactyla.     

Dose-dependent response characteristics of antennal lobe neurons in the male moth Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Responses of antennal lobe neurons to different amounts of the female-produced pheromone blend and to its individual components were investigated in Agrotis segetum males using intracellular recording methods. We identified three physiological types of antennal lobe neurons, categorized according to their response thresholds to single pheromone components and to the blend: generalist neurons, component-specific neurons and blend-specific neurons. Response and specificity of antennal lobe neurons were largely dose dependent. In most cases specific responses occurred only at low stimulus amounts, while increasing concentrations often resulted in an increase of the number of pheromone stimuli to which the neuron responded. Dose-response relationships often differed between different stimuli activating a neuron. Accepted: 24 May 1997     

Sex pheromone and plant-associated odour processing in antennal lobe interneurons of male Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Antennal lobe interneurons of male Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) were investigated by using intracellular recording and staining techniques. Physiological and morphological characteristics of local interneurons and projection neurons responding to sex pheromone and plant-associated volatiles are described. The interneurons identified were divided into three groups, depending on their physiological response characteristics. Both types of interneurons, local interneurons and projection neurons, were described in all three groups. 1. Interneurons responding exclusively to sex pheromone stimuli, displayed different degrees of specificity. These neurons responded to either one, two, three or all four of the single sex pheromone or sex pheromone-like compounds tested. Most of these neurons also responded to a mixture of the two pheromone components present in the female S. littoralis blend. Two local interneurons and one projection neuron were identified as blend specialists, not responding to the single female produced sex pheromone components, but only to their mixture. Five pheromone specific projection neurons arborized in one or more subcompartments of the macroglomercular complex (MGC) and some of them had axonal branches in the calyces of the mushroom body and in different parts of the lateral protocerebrum. 2. Interneurons responding only to plant-associated volatiles varied highly in specificity. Neurons responding to only one of the stimuli, neurons responding to a variety of different odours and one neuron responding to all stimuli tested, were found. Three specialized local interneurons had arborizations only in ordinary glomeruli. One specialized and three less specialized local interneurons had arborizations within the MGC and the ordinary glomeruli. The projection neurons responding only to plant-associated volatiles had mostly uni- or multiglomerular arborizations within the ordinary glomeruli. 3. Interneurons responding to both sex pheromones and plant-associated stimuli varied in specificity. Individual interneurons that responded to few plant-associated odours mostly responded to several pheromone stimuli as well. Projection neurons responding to most of the plant-associated volatiles also responded to all pheromone stimuli. Two local interneurons responding to both stimulus groups, arborized within the MGC and the ordinary glomeruli. Projection neurons mostly arborized in only one ordinary glomerulus or in one compartment of the MGC. The variation in specificity and sensitivity of antennal lobe interneurons and structure-function correlations are discussed.     

New record of Trisuloides rotundipennis Sugi (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Pantheinae) from Korea

In the present study, a noctuid species, Trisuloides rotundipennis Sugi, is reported for the first time from Korea. External characteristics and female genitalia and habitus of this species are illustrated, and information on host plant and distributional range is provided.     

蛾翅数学形态特征用于夜蛾分类和鉴定的可行性研究

摘要: 为探讨蛾翅数学形态特征(MMC)在夜蛾科分类鉴定中的可行性, 本文利用数字化技术获得和处理昆虫图像, 对鳞翅目夜蛾科6种夜蛾的右前翅提取矩形度、 延长度、 叶状性、 偏心率、 球状性、 似圆度和不变矩Hu1、 Hu2等13项与大小尺度和方向均无关的数学形态特征, 并利用方差分析、 逐步判别分析和聚类分析等方法研究了各项数学形态特征在昆虫分类上作为分类特征的可行性、 可靠性和重要性, 并且从数学形态学角度对夜蛾科6个种的亲缘关系进行了分析。分析结果认为矩形度和延长度2个形态特征对这6种夜蛾的分类鉴定没有显著意义, 从而筛选出11个形态特征作为分类变量, 它们的作用大小依次为： （偏心率、 Hu5、 Hu7）＞Hu2＞似圆度＞球状性＞Hu3＞（叶状性、 Hu1、 Hu6）＞Hu4。利用蛾翅的这些特征参数成功地实现了对夜蛾科6种夜蛾的分类鉴定, 基于这些特征参数的6种夜蛾的亲缘关系远近与基于传统形态学的系统进化观点相同。研究表明蛾翅数学形态特征可应用于蛾类昆虫的快速鉴定, 为未来逐步实现蛾类昆虫的自动识别奠定了基础。     

First records of two species of the genus Brachionycha Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in China

Two species of the genus Brachionycha Hübner –B. nubeculosa (Esper) and B. albicilia Sugi – are recorded for the first time from China. The adults and genital characteristics of the species are briefly redescribed with illustrations, and their distributions are given.