黔产昆明山海棠化学成分及其抑菌活性研究

该研究采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备型高效液相色谱和重结晶等方法分离纯化,从黔产昆明山海棠乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,并采用96孔板微量稀释法对化合物进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明:利用NMR,MS等现代波谱技术以及化合物的理化性质并结合参考文献分别鉴定为3-O-乙酰基齐墩果酸(1),雷酚萜(2),3-氧代齐墩果酸(3),β-谷甾醇(4),木栓酮(5),β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯(6),雷公藤红素(7),大黄素(8),雷公藤内酯甲(9),雷藤二萜醌B(10),ent-kauran-16β,19-diol(11)。抑菌活性结果显示,化合物3、7和8具有较好的抑菌作用,MIC值为2~16μg·mL-1。其中,化合物6、11为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物11为首次从雷公藤属植物中分离得到,且首次发现了化合物3、7对绿脓杆菌和青枯菌具有明显的抑制作用。     

新雷公藤内酯四醇的研究

从雷公藤（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍ ｗ ｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉＨｏｏｋ． ｆ．）的叶和根中分离到一个新的环氧二萜内酯化合物,据其理化性质,ＵＶ、ＩＲ、ＭＳ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ、１３Ｃ－ＮＯＥ、２Ｄ－ＣＯＳＹ、２Ｄ－ＮＯＥＳＹ 和选择性远程ＤＥＰＴ谱等光谱数据分析,并结合分子图形学和分子力学计算确定了它的化学结构,命名为新雷公藤内酯四醇（ｎｅｏｔｒｉｐｔｅｔｒａｏｌｉｄｅ）． 该产物为首次从植物中分得的新化合物     

中越猕猴桃根化学成分研究

用溶剂提取和硅胶柱层析分离的方法 ,从中越猕猴桃 (Actinidiaindochinensis)的根部分分离得到 6个化合物 ,根据其理化性质和波谱分析 ,分别鉴定为 :2α,3α,2 4 三羟基 1 2 烯 2 8 齐墩果酸 (Ⅰ ) ,2α,3α 二羟基 1 2 烯 2 8 乌苏酸 (Ⅱ ) ,2α,3α ,1 9α 三羟基 1 2 烯 2 8 乌苏酸 (Ⅲ ) ,熊果酸 (Ⅳ ) ,β 谷甾醇 (Ⅴ ) ,和 β 胡萝卜甙(Ⅵ )。化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ为首次从该植物中获得。其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ为首次从该属植物获得。     

海风藤化学成分研究

从海风藤的95％乙醇提取物中分得11个化合物。本文报道其中6个化合物的结构及生物活性测定,根据理化性质及波谱分析,分别鉴定为蜡酸(Ⅰ),胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ),denudatin B(Ⅲ),burchellin(Ⅳ),Veraguensin(Ⅴ)和galgravin(Ⅵ)。晶Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到。从Ⅲ、Ⅳ对小鼠淋巴细胞转化的影响结果,证明二者均具有一定的免疫抑制作用。     

贵州紫云产黄花香茶菜的化学成分研究

采用甲醇回流提取和硅胶柱层析方法,从紫云产黄花香茶菜中分离得到6个化合物,结合1H-NMR、13C-NMR数据及文献资料鉴定为黄花香茶菜乙素(Ⅰ)、黄花香茶菜丁素(Ⅱ)、大萼变型香茶菜甲素(Ⅲ)、3β-Hydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic acid(Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅴ)和熊果酸(Ⅵ)。其中化合物Ⅳ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

沙旋复花中的化学成分

从沙旋复花[Inula salsoloides (Turcz.)Ostenf.]地上部份分得12种成分。根据其理化性质,化学反应及波谱分析,其中9种成分鉴定为蒲公英醇(Ⅰ)、蒲公英醇醋酸酯(Ⅱ)、蒲公英醇软酯酸酯(Ⅲ)、胡萝卜甙(Ⅳ)、木犀草素(Ⅴ)、豆甾醇(Ⅵ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ),蜂花酸(Ⅷ)和泽兰内酯(Ⅸ)。这9种化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。(Ⅲ)和(Ⅸ)具有明显的细胞毒作用。     

雷公藤组织培养物中化学成分的研究

雷公藤植物的茎,叶在含激动素0.1mg/1,2.4-D 1mg/l的6.7-v培养基上诱导出愈伤组织。在22±2℃的条件下进行扩大培养后,收集培养物进行提取、分离。从薄层层析上显示出培养物中含有雷公藤甲素、雷公藤乙素等二萜内酯化合物。柱层析分离出5个萜类化合物,根据它们的mp、TLC、IR、~1HNMR、MS等图谱资料,其中4个分别鉴定为雷公藤酮,雷公藤内酯甲、3-Epikatonic acid,齐墩果酸,另一个化合物的结构有待进一步研究。     

槐果皮中的脂溶性成分

首次对槐（Sophora japonica)果皮进行了化学成分研究,从其石油醚部分分离得到了7个化合物,它们的结构经波谱和化学方法确定为：（Z）－1,1′－biindenyliden(Ⅰ),lupenone(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅲ),p-ethoxybenzoic acid(Ⅳ),hexacosoic acid(Ⅴ),nonadecyl alcohol(Ⅵ)和eicosanol(Ⅶ),其中化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物,其它均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

双氯雷公藤内酯四醇的分离与结构研究

从雷公藤（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍ ｗ ｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉＨｏｏｋ．ｆ．）的叶中分离出１个新的含氯环氧二萜内酯化合物。据其理化数据和光谱分析,并结合分子图形学和分子力学计算,确定了它的化学结构,命名为双氯雷公藤内酯四醇（ｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏｔｒｉｐｔｅｔｒａｏｌｉｄｅ）。     

叉子圆柏中的抗肿瘤化学成分

从叉子圆柏(Sabina vulgaris Ant.)的树皮中分得12种成分,根据其理化性质、化学反应及光谱分析,其中11种成分鉴定为反式璎珞柏酸(Ⅰ),顺式璎珞柏酸(Ⅱ),山达海松酸(Ⅲ),异柏油酸(Ⅳ)、柳杉酚(Ⅴ)、12-羟基-6,7-断松香烷8,11,13三烯6,7二醛(Ⅵ),β-足叶草素 A 早醚(Ⅶ),佛手内酯(Ⅷ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅹ),二十四烷酸(Ⅺ)和蜡酸(Ⅻ),另一种是新的3,4苯并香豆素类化合物,命名为圆柏内酯(sabilactone,Ⅸ),Ⅳ-Ⅹ为首次从该植物中分得。生物试验表明Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ具有细胞毒作用。     

L.D.H. and L.D.H. isoenzymes of the intra-uterine secretions of the cow during the estrous cycle

Uterine secretions were collected from 20 mature cows during estrus (day 0), metestrus (day 5), diestrus (day 10) and proestrus (day-1). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and LDH isoenzymes activity were evaluated. No significant cyclic variations of LDH activity was found in the uterine secretions while the mean of the enzyme activity was higher during the estrogenic period of the cycle. The relative activity of LDH-1, LDH-2 and LDH-3 isoenzymes were higher during proestrus and estrus whereas LDH-5 activity was more important during metestrus. The LDH-3 seems to have the higher relative activity in uterine secretions of the cow.     

An e.p.r. study of the non-equivalence of the copper sites of caeruloplasmin.

The two Type 1 (blue) copper-binding sites of caeruloplasmin were spectroscopically differentiated by the kinetic analysis of the e.p.r. spectra during the redox cycle. One blue copper, with a hyperfine splitting constant (A parallel) of 6.8 mT, which was rapidly reduced, was not reoxidized by oxygen, whereas it was reoxidized by H2O2. The other blue copper (A parallel = 5.8 mT), which was reduced slowly, was rapidly reoxidized by either oxygen or H2O2. A conformational change of the Type 2 copper was concomitant with the fast reduction of Type 1 copper, whereas its reduction occurred during the slow phase. This sequence of events was reversed in the reoxidation step, that is, the Type 2 copper reappeared rapidly as the species with altered conformation and reverted to the symmetry typical of the native state in the slow phase. The specific reaction of a blue-copper site with the H2O2 can tentatively be related to the established ability of caeruloplasmin to prevent 'oxidative' attack of proteins and lipids.     

Pleuromeia from the lower triassic of the far east of the U.S.S.R.

Pleuromeia obrutschewii Elias from Russian Island (Russkiy Ostrov, near Vladivostok) is hardly distinguishable from the European P. sternbergii (Muenster) Corda. The sporangia are adaxial, filling spoon-like depressions of the megasporophylls which have sterile tips. P. olenekensis sp. nov. from the Olenek River (northeastern Siberia) has larger sporangia and much larger megaspores with three-layered walls. The outer layer (ectexosporium) is reticulate. It is assumed that in other species this layer is lacking due to imperfect preservation. Mature megasporophylls, when shed, have a buoy-like shape and are often deposited together with cephalopod shells. This suggests a special mechanism of propagation by means of megasporophylls dispersed by water currents. The cosmopolitan distribution of Pleuromeia points to weakened climatic zonation in the Early Triassic.