直立百部的非生物碱化学成分研究(英文)

从直立百部(Stemona sessilifolia)根中首次分离到十四个非生物碱成分.依据波谱数据,它们鉴定为豆甾醇(1)、4-甲氧基苯甲酸(2)、苯甲酸(3)、3,4-二甲氧基苯酚 (4)、4-甲氧基苯甲酸(5)、4-羟基苯甲酸(6)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(7)、4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸(8)、3,3′-bis(3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy)-2H-1-benzopyran(9)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛(10)、羽扇豆烷-3-酮 (11)、绿原酸(12)、胡萝卜苷(13),3-feruoyl-chinasueure (14).化合物5～14为首次从百部属植物中分离得到.     

姜黄地上部分化学成分的研究

为了解姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)地上部分的化学成分,采用硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱从姜黄地上部分分离得到14个化合物。通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、山柰酚3-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2)、橙皮素7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、1,7-二(4-羟基苯基)庚烷-4E,6E-二烯-3-酮(4)、1,7-二(4-羟基苯基)庚烷-1E,4E,6E-三烯-3-酮(5)、3-羟基-4-甲氧基肉桂酸(6)、对羟基苯甲醛(7)、香草醛(8)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(9)、异香草酸(10)、4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)苯甲酸(11)、R-6-羟基-6-甲基-3-(2-羟基异丙基)-2-烯环己酮(12)、6,9-二羟基-4,7-巨豆二烯-3-酮(13)和β-胡萝卜苷(14)。化合物1、2、3、12和13首次从该植物中分离得到。经HPLC比较分析,姜黄地上部分缺乏姜黄药材的主要功能成分姜黄素。     

紫茎泽兰中的酚类化学成分

从紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.)乙醇提取物中分离得到11个酚类化合物。通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为咖啡酸(1)、阿魏酸(2)、芥子醛(3)、苯乙基阿魏酯(4)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(5)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(6)、3,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸(7)、没食子酸(8)、3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-1-丙醇(9)、2-香豆酸-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)和4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-3,5-二甲氧基苯基-乙基酮(11)。化合物3~9和11为首次从紫茎泽兰中分离得到。     

滇南羊耳菊乙酸乙酯部位化学成分研究(英文)

从滇南羊耳菊(Inula wissmanniana)地上部分的乙酸乙酯部位分离得到16个化合物,包括6个黄酮类,5个苯丙素类和5个其它芳香类化合物,经波谱数据分析鉴定为木犀草素(1),3-甲氧基槲皮素(2),5,6,4'-三羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮(3),洋艾素(4),紫杉叶素(5),二氢山奈酚(6),3,4-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸(7),3,5-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸(8),C-veratroylglycol(9),2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone(10),咖啡酸(11),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(12),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(13),3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(14),对羟基苯甲酸(15)和香兰素(16)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

薏苡糠壳的化学成分及其种子萌发活性研究

为了解薏苡(Coixlachryma-jobi)糠壳的化学成分,利用多种柱色谱技术对其乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行分离,经波谱数据分析鉴定了15个化合物,分别为香豆酸(1)、香豆酸甲酯(2)、2-羟乙基-香豆酸酯(3)、咖啡酸甲酯(4)、阿魏酸甲酯(5)、(E)-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸(6)、2,3-二羟基-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(7)、2,3-二羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(8)、对羟基苯甲酸(9)、3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(10)、1,3,5-三甲氧基苯(11)、methyl (3-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)-acetate (12)、尿囊素(13)、2-(2-羟乙基)-3-甲基反丁烯二酸(14)和油酸(15),其中化合物3、7、12、13和14为首次从薏苡中分离得到。活性测试结果表明,化合物1、2、9、10和11对种子萌发具有较强的抑制作用。     

四瓣崖摩化学成分研究

从楝科崖摩属植物四瓣崖摩的树枝中分离得到14个化合物,运用波谱学方法分别鉴定为:22ξ-hydroxytirucalla-7,24-dien-3,23-dione(1)、dymacrin D(2)、泽屋萜(3)、α-菠菜甾醇(4)、8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-pentylisocoumarin(5)、ichenxanthone(6)、10-oxo-isodauc-3-en-15-al(7)、(+)-ent-ficusol(8)、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸甲酯(9)、香草醛(10)、2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯(11)、2-羟基-4-甲氧基-6-丙基苯甲酸甲酯(12)、2,4-二羟基-6-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(13)和琥珀酸甲酯(14),以上化合物均为首次从崖摩属植物中分离得到。采用Elman比色法对全部化合物进行活性测试,结果表明化合物11对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有抑制活性。     

白头树化学成分研究

利用多种层析方法,从白头树(Garuga forrestii)树枝95%的乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱分析,分别鉴定为13α,14β,17α-羊毛甾-7,24-二烯-1β,3β-二醇(1)、豆甾-5-烯-3β,7α-二醇(2)、豆甾-5-烯-3β,7β-二醇(3)、豆甾-3β,6α-二醇(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、儿茶素(6)、(Z)阿魏酸二十四烷基酯(7)、(E)阿魏酸二十四烷基酯(8)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(9)和1-甲氧基2,3苯并环戊烷(10).这些化合物均为该种植物首次报道.     

广藿香大极性化学成分的研究

从广藿香(Pogostemon cablin (Blance)Benth.)地上部分乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位分离得到13个化合物.通过光谱和波谱分析,分别鉴定为:芹菜素(1)、3,5,4'-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(2)、3,5-二羟基_4',7-二甲氧基黄酮(3)、Apigenin 7-galacturonide(4)、Apigenin 7-(O-methylghacuronide)(5),Luteolin 7-O-(6-O-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranoside)(6),4',5-二羟基-3',7-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(7)、Quercetha-7-β-D-ghcoside(8),3,23-Dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(9)、Syringaresinol-β-D-glucoside(10),毛蕊花糖苷(11)、列当苷(12)、紫葳新苷(13),化合物2～13均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

狭叶瓶尔小草化学成分的研究

采用95%乙醇提取制备总浸膏,经萃取及柱层析法分离,波谱法鉴定结构,从川产狭叶瓶尔小草Ophioglossum thermale Kom.中分离得到7个已知化合物。分别为亚油酸(1)、三油酸甘油酯(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、正十五酸三甘油酯(4)、亚油酸甘油单酯(5)、3-甲氧基槲皮素(6)和3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(7)。7个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

珍珠菜的化学成分研究(英文)

从珍珠菜(Lysimachia clethroidesDuby)的70%丙酮提取物中分离得到11个化合物,经理化性质及波谱数据分析分别鉴定为23-羟基乌苏酸(1)、Isotachioside(2)、对羟基苯甲酸(3)、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(4)、原儿茶酸(5)、3,5-二羟基苯甲酸(6)、甲基-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(7)、尿苷(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、胡萝卜苷(10)和齐墩果酸(11)。化合物1、2、4、7和8为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3、5、6、9~11为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Oxanthrone C-glycosides and epoxynaphthoquinol from the roots of Rumex japonicus

Five oxanthrone C-glycosides, namely rumejaposide A-E, and an epoxynaphthoquinol, together with eight known compounds, 2,6-dihydroxy benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, epicatechin, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyl benzoic acid, rutin, emodin and 2-acetyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methoxynaphthalene, were isolated from the roots of Rumex japonicus. The structures of the oxanthrone C-glycosides were elucidated by application of spectroscopic methods as (10R)10-C-beta-glucopyranosyl-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-carboxyl-3-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone, (10S)10-C-beta-glucopyranosyl-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-carboxyl-3-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone, (10R)10-C-beta-glucopyranosyl-1,6,8,10-tetrahydroxy-2-carboxyl-3-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone, (10R)10-C-beta-glucopyranosyl-1,6,8,10-tetrahydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-9(10H)-anthracenone, and (10R)10-C-beta-glucopyranosyl-1,6,8,10-tetrahydroxy-3-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone. Absolute configurations for each compound were deduced by analyses of CD spectra and comparison with those known similar compounds. The structure of epoxynaphthoquinol was elucidated by spectroscopic methods as 3-acetyl-2-methyl-1,4,5-trihydroxy-2,3-epoxynaphthoquinol, and its relative configuration was determined by a 2D-ROESY experiment.     

The Synthesis of Dilnethyl α-Sorigenin

1,6,8-Trimethoxy-3-hydroxymethyl-2-naphthoic acid lactone (IV) was synthesized from benzoic acid in 21 steps. This lactone (IV) was completely identical with authentic dimethyl α-sorigenin, obtained by the methylation of natural α-sorigenin. Herewith the structure of α-sorigenin was confirmed to be 1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-hydroxymethyl-2-naphthoic acid lactone (III).     

The Chemical Constituents of Swertia przewalskii Pissjauk.

Seven xanthonenoid compounds and a triterpenic acid have been isolated from Swertia przewalskii Pissjauk. Their structures were identified as 1,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxarthone(Ⅰ), 1,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyxanthone (Ⅱ), oleanolic acid (Ⅲ), l-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone (Ⅳ), 1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (Ⅴ), 8-0-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(l--6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]- 1,7-dihydr0xy- 3-methoxyxanthone (Ⅵ), 1-O- [β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-7,8-dihydroxy- 3-methoxyxanthone (Ⅶ) and 1-O- [β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-8-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyanthone (Ⅷ) respectively, by means of chemical and spectral methods or comparing with the authentic samples directly.     

New antifungal xanthones from the seeds of Rhus coriaria L

Phytochemical investigations of the ethanolic extract of the seeds of Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae) led to the identification of four new xanthones, characterized as 2,3-dihydroxy-7-methyl xanthone (1), 2,3,6-trihydroxy-7-hydroxymethylene xanthone-1-carboxylic acid (2), 2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl xanthone-1,8-dicarboxylic acid (4), and 2-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethylene xanthone-1,8-dicarboxylic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2'-->3")-3"-O-stigmast-5-ene (5), along with the known steroidal glucoside beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside (3). The structures of the isolated compounds have been identified on the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions. All xanthones were active against Aspergillus flavus.     

Study on the Chemical Constituents of Comastoma pulmonarium (Turcz.) Toyohuni

Eight compounds were isolated from Comastoma pulmonarium (Gentianaceae). Theirstructures are identified as1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone(Ⅰ),1,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimetho-xyxanthone(Ⅱ), 1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone(Ⅲ),8-hydroxy-l,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone(Ⅳ), 1,3,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone(Ⅴ), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,8-dihydroxy-7-methxy-xanthone(Ⅵ), oleanolic acid(Ⅶ) and swertisin(Ⅷ) by means of chemical methods andUV, IR, NMR and MS respectively. The compound Ⅵ is a new natural product. It wasnamed as comastomaside.     

Antiparasitic activity of prenylated benzoic acid derivatives from Piper species

Fractionation of dichloromethane extracts from the leaves of Piper heterophyllum and P. aduncum afforded three prenylated hydroxybenzoic acids, 3-[(2E,6E,10E)-11-carboxy-3,7,15-trimethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenyl)-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3-[(2E,6E,10E)-11-carboxy-13-hydroxy-3,7,15-trimethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenyl]-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 3-[(2E,6E,10E)-11-carboxy-14-hydroxy-3,7,15-trimethyl-2,6,10,15-hexadecatetraenyl]-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, along with the known compounds, 4,5-dihydroxy-3-(E,E,E-11-formyl-3,7,15-trimethyl-hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenyl)benzoic acid (arieianal), 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(E,E,E-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenyl)benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-(E,E,E-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenyl)benzoic acid, 3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-4-methoxy-benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)benzoic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)benzoic acid. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including homo- and heteronuclear correlation NMR experiments (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and comparison with data reported in the literature. Riguera ester reactions and optical rotation measurements established the compounds as racemates. The antiparasitic activity of the compounds were tested against three strains of Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium falciparum. The results showed that 3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-4-methoxy-benzoic acid exhibited potent and selective activity against L. braziliensis (IC₅₀ 6.5 μg/ml), higher that pentamidine used as control. Moreover, 3-[(2E,6E,10E)-11-carboxy-3,7,15-trimethyl- 2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenyl)-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)benzoic acid showed moderate antiplasmodial (IC₅₀ 3.2 μg/ml) and trypanocidal (16.5 μg/ml) activities, respectively.     

Laurentixanthones A and B, antimicrobial xanthones from Vismia laurentii

A phytochemical investigation of the constituents of the roots of Vismia laurentii has resulted in the isolation of two xanthone derivatives named laurentixanthone A (1) (6-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)pyrano[2,3-c]xanthen-7(3H)-one) and laurentixanthone B (2) (1-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyxanthone), along with 11 known compounds: 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone, vismiaquinone, vismiaquinone B, bivismiaquinone, 3-geranyloxy-6-methyl-1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, O(1)-demethyl-3',4'-deoxypsorospermin-3',4'-diol, 6-deoxyisojacareubin, 1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone, kaempferol, friedelin and stigmasterol. The structures of compounds were established by means of spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the compounds were screened for antimicrobial activities in vitro.     

Oxanthrone esters from the aerial parts of Cassia kleinii

From the aerial parts of Cassia kleinii two new oxanthrone esters, kleinioxanthrone-1 and kleinioxanthrone-2 have been isolated. Their structures were established as 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methoxy-9(10H)-anthracenone-10-oxydecanoate 1 and 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone-10-oxytetradecanoate 2 respectively based on degradative and spectroscopic evidence.     

Activities of 2,4-dihydroxy-6-n-pentylbenzoic acid derivatives

Esters of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-n-pentylbenzoic acid (2-8) (methyl, ethyl, butyl, pentyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl and benzyl), olivetol (9), methyl, ethyl, butyl perlatolates (10-12), 2,4-dihydroxy-6-n-pentylbenzoic acid (15), and methyl and ethyl esters of (15) were prepared through structural modifications of perlatolic acid (1) with the aim to detect new antifungal and antibacterial substances and also to evaluate the toxicity by the brine shrimp lethality assay against Artemia salina. The antifungal assays were carried out against the fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum through the bioautography method, and methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-n-pentylbenzoate (13) showed the highest antifungal activity (2.5 yg). Olivetol (9) and 2,4-dihydroxy-6-n-pentylbenzoic acid (15) are also potent inhibitors of the growth of the fungus (5.0 microg). Except for methyl (10), the ethyl (11) and butyl (12) perlatolates were less active than perlatolic acid (1). The activities presented by methyl (2) and ethyl (3) 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-n-pentylbenzoates and methyl (13) and ethyl (14) 2,4-dihydroxy-6-n-pentylbenzo-ates suggest that compounds with a free hydroxy group in the aromatic ring (C-4) have a more pronounced effect against C. sphaerospermum. Antibacterial activities were tested by the disc diffusion method using pathogenic strains of S. aureus and E. coli. The compounds were weakly active with inhibition zones between 9-15 mm. The 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-n-pentylbenzoic esters 2-8 and alkyl perlatolates 10-12 were selective against E. coli. Perlatolic acid (1) and methyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-n-pentylbenzoate (2) were the most active with LD50 values of 24.1 microM and 27.2 microM, respectively. The other compounds were not toxic to Artemia salina larvae.