牛磺酸研究进展

牛磺酸具有抗肿瘤、增强免疫、保护心脏、降压、降血脂、降血糖、减轻脂肪肝、降转氨酶、抗衰老等诸多作用。本文查阅国内外相关文献,并将其分析归纳,综述了牛磺酸性质、药理作用的研究进展,以为含有牛磺酸的守宫及含守宫中成药的抗肿瘤等临床作用机理提供研究线索。     

牛磺酸对化疗荷瘤小鼠增效减毒作用的研究

目的:探讨牛磺酸对化疗荷瘤小鼠的增效减毒作用.方法:采用小鼠H22移植瘤动物模型,观察不同荆量牛磺酸(taurine,Tau)与环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)联合用药的抗肿瘤作用;检测外周血白细胞数,骨髓有核细胞数;测定脾指数,胸腺指数;采用MTT法检测NK细胞活性和脾淋巴细胞转化率.结果:Tau增强CTX的抗肿瘤作用;拮抗CTX对白细胞和骨髓有核细胞的抑制;提高免疫器官指数,促进淋巴细胞增殖,增强NK细胞活性.结论:Tau对荷瘤小鼠化疗具有增效减毒作用.     

牛磺酸对急性运动后血清心肌酶的影响

牛磷酸是一种β—氨基酸的亚磺酸类似物,长期被认为是含硫氨基酸的无功能终末代谢产物。80年代开始,Huxtable等对牛磺酸的分布、代谢及其重要而广泛的生物学作用进行了深入的研究,尤其在牛磺酸对心血管系统的保护作用的研究方面,取得了一定的成果。为探讨急性运动时牛磺酸对心脏的作用,我们观察了牛磺酸对急性运动后血清心肌酶活性的影响。     

氨基酸自动分析仪测定血浆中牛磺酸程序的改进及其应用

<正> 牛磺酸是一种由胱氨酸转化而来的β—氨基酸。已有研究证实,牛磺酸与生长发育、体温调节、营养作用、学习记忆及某些疾病有关。由于牛磺酸具有调节生理功能的作用,目前牛磺酸代谢方面的     

守宫木叶精油化学成分研究(简报)

守宫木（SauroPusandrogynus（L．）Merr．）为大朝科守宫木属植物,嫩茎枝叶可供食用。主产于南洋群岛和东南亚,印度、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、越南、泰国、菲律宾和柬埔寨等国均有分布;在我国云南、海南、广东、福建和四川等省（区）有零散栽培,亦有野生。近年我们大面积推广栽培,生产商品蔬菜"天绿香""',畅销于广州、深圳、上海、北京、武汉和香港等地。守宫木叶有微香,但迄今末见其精油化学成分研究的报道。本研究为改善"天绿香"的食用风味和叶的综合利用提供参考。l实验部分样品提取精油的守宫木叶采自本所大院内栽培的植株。用…     

牛磺酸对肉鸡血液指标及免疫机能的影响

牛磺酸作为营养性添加剂对动物有促进生长、增强免疫力等作用(何天培,1995;杨建成等,2003).国外在家禽饲粮中应用牛磺酸的报道较多(Yamazaki,1997),国内研究相对较少.     

牛磺酸跨膜转运的意义及机制

牛磺酸是正常存在于体内的含硫氨基酸,其跨膜转运对细胞渗透压的维持及细胞内外Ca~(2 )的稳态调节具有重要的作用。心肌细胞膜上存在Na~ /taurine协同转运系统。牛磺酸跨膜转运主要受Na~ 的调控,另外,渗透压、Ca~(2 )和K~ 等亦影响牛磺酸的转运。牛磺酸转运蛋白的克隆为进一步研究牛磺酸跨膜转运的 机制提供了新的手段。     

用氨基酸自动分析仪测定牛磺酸

<正> 牛磺酸抗癫痫、降低血压,抗心律失常及脑发育和渗透压调节中的作用,最近令人关注。牛黄、全蝎、原蚕子等抗癫痫的中药中都含有牛磺酸,过去测定牛磺酸的含量多用薄层层析法,较为麻烦、费时,而且分析精度、准确性也较低。我们用日立835型氨     

牛磺酸对学习记忆影响的研究现状

牛磺酸作为一种条件必须氨基酸对学习记忆能力的影响受到越来越多的关注,许多研究证明适量牛磺酸的添加可明显提高大鼠的记忆能力。通过牛磺酸对神经细胞、基因、激素、离子、受体、酶类等的作用,对其影响学习记忆方面的研究现状作出综述。     

牛磺酸对自发性高血压大鼠血压及其心,脑,肾脂质过氧化损伤的影响

牛磺酸对自发性高血压大鼠血压及其心、脑、肾脂质过氧化损伤的影响李辉,李俭春,江时森（南京军区总医院心脏科南京２１０００２）近年研究发现,牛磺酸具有降压、抗心律失常、抗动脉粥样硬化等多种作用,但其确切机制尚不清楚。本研究观察了牛磺酸对自发性高血压大鼠（...     

Effect of taurine on the microvessel exchange function and adrenergic response of veins and arteries in the cat skeletal muscle

In cats anesthetized with Uretan and perfused with a constant blood volume, Taurine induced responses of neither arterial nor venous vessels of the skeletal muscle but increased the capillary filtration coefficient without any significant change of the capillary pressure in the skeletal muscle's microvessels. Taurine also increased both the constrictor and the dilatory responses of the arterial and venous vessels. The mechanism of the Taurine effects upon the smooth muscle elements of arteries and veins as well as upon proper mechanisms of capillary pressure control and capillary filtration coefficient, seems to be calcium-dependent.     

大壁虎不同地理居群的遗传变异与分化

以线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因作为分子标记,对中国广西12个地区,以及越南和老挝大壁虎(Gekko gecko)进行序列测定,获得Cytb基因424bp的序列片段,共有7个单倍型。以白脊壁虎和沙虎为外群,用邻接法和最大简约法构建了大壁虎不同地理种群的系统发育关系,其结果显示中国广西4个不同单倍型黑大壁虎之间的平均遗传距离为0.20%—1.20%,越南红大壁虎与老挝红大壁虎之间的平均遗传距离为0.50%,广西宁明红大壁虎与越南红大壁虎和老挝红大壁虎之间平均遗传距离分别为1.70%和2.20%。广西黑大壁虎种群与红大壁虎种群之间的平均遗传距离为8.60%—9.50%,达到了亚种或种分化的差异。     

Taurine transport by the flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) intestine

Taurine transport by the flounder gut was characterized in isolated strips of intestine mounted between Ringer's solutions. Taurine was transported into the cell, against its concentration gradient, by a sodium-dependent system present in both the mucosal and serosal membranes. This system appears to be specific for beta-amino acids and is regulated by cyclic nucleotides (cGMP and cAMP). Kinetic analyses indicated that under physiological conditions the magnitudes of the bidirectional taurine uptake rates would favor net absorption of taurine from lumen to blood.     

Complete mitochondrial genome of the red-spotted tokay gecko (Gekko gecko, Reptilia: Gekkonidae): comparison of red- and black-spotted tokay geckos

Here, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the red-spotted tokay gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae). The genome is 16,590 bp in size. Its gene arrangement pattern was identical with that of black-spotted tokay gecko. We compared the mitochondrial genome of red-spotted tokay gecko with that of the black-spotted tokay gecko. Nucleotide sequence of the two whole mitochondrial genomes was 97.99% similar, and the relatively high similarity seems to indicate that they may be separated at the subspecies level. The information of mitochondrial genome comparison of the two morphological types of tokay gecko is discussed in detail.     

广西弄岗国家级自然保护区蛤蚧分布与种群数量

2008年5～6月,采用访问调查和样线法,对弄岗国家级自然保护区蛤蚧Gekko gecko的分布和种群数量进行了调查.结果表明,弄岗片蛤蚧分布较多,陇山片和陇呼片分布较少;用样线法重点对弄岗片蛤蚧数量进行调查,根据统计数据计算出种群密度为13.45对/km2.     

Evolution of visual pigments in geckos

Most geckos are nocturnal forms and possess rod retinas, but some diurnal genera have pure-cone retinas. We isolated cDNAs encoding the diurnal gecko opsins, dg1 and dg2, similar to nocturnal gecko P521 and P467, respectively. Despite the large morphological differences between the diurnal and nocturnal gecko photoreceptor types, they express phylogenetically closely related opsins. These results provide molecular evidence for the reverse transmutation, that is, rods of an ancestral nocturnal gecko have backed into cones of diurnal geckos. The amino acid substitution rates of dgl and dg2 are higher than those of P521 and P467, respectively. Changes of behavior regarding photic environment may have contributed to acceleration of amino acid substitutions in the diurnal gecko opsins.     

大壁虎的染色体及减数分裂联会复合体的研究

大壁虎(Gekko gecko)的染色体数目为2n=38,核型由2对中着丝粒(Nos.1.4.)、3对亚中着丝粒(Nos.2.3.5)及14对端着丝粒和亚端着丝粒(Nos.6—19)染色体组成。一对核仁组织者(NOR_s),位于第7对端着丝粒染色体的末端。同时,本文还对大壁虎的减数分裂以及联会复合体(S.C)的结构和组型,进行了详细的观察和分析。     

Taurine level in the blood and myocardium of rabbits with experimental heart failure

Experimental damage of the aortal heart valve in rabbits caused taurine accumulation in the heart. Taurine content in the heart increased for two months 2.7 times in the left ventricle and 1.8 times in the right one. Taurine concentration in the blood began rising 5-10 days after the operation, reached the maximal value of about 150% as compared with its initial level and then decreased to the level near the initial one. Animals with insignificant taurine accumulation in the heart died for the first two months after the operation. Results are discussed from consideration on the protective role of taurine for the myocardium under the heart failure.     

Effect of taurine on calcium binding to microsomes isolated from rat cerebral cortex

Effects of taurine on Ca⁺⁺ binding to microsomes isolated from rat cerebral cortex were investigated in a medium containing various concentrations of KCl and/or NaCl. Calcium binding to microsomes was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by taurine in the incubation medium containing 5 mM KCl and 115 mM NaCl, while there was no inhibition in the medium containing 115 mM KCl and 5 mM NaCl. Taurine also decreased Ca⁺⁺ binding in the medium containing 70 mM KCl without NaCl. A similar tendency toward inhibition of the Ca⁺⁺ binding was observed in the medium with 5 mM or 120 mM KCl without NaCl. Taurine did not influence the Ca⁺⁺ binding in the medium containing different concentrations of NaCl without KCl, or in the medium from which KCl and NaCl were omitted. Isethionate, glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid, β-alanine and L-leucine did not significantly alter the Ca⁺⁺ binding to microsomes in the medium containing 70 mM KCl without NaCl. Thus it would appear that taurine may modulate the binding of calcium to microsomes in conditions which resemble the state of depolarization, while it is inactive in the normal resting state. This effect is apparently specific to taurine amongst a series of putative “inhibitory” amino acids.