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M. Va?tilingom M. Stupar J.-M. Grienenberger J. M. Gualberto 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1998,258(5):530-537
A gene coding for a protein that shows homologies to prokaryotic ribosomal protein S2 is present in the mitochondrial (mt)
genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The wheat gene is transcribed as a single mRNA which is edited by C-to-U conversions at seven positions, all resulting
in alteration of the encoded amino acid. Homologous gene sequences are also present in the mt genomes of rice and maize, but
we failed to identify the corresponding sequences in the mtDNA of all dicotyledonous species tested; in these species the
mitochondrial RPS2 is probably encoded in the nucleus. The protein sequence deduced from the wheat rps2 gene sequence has a long C-terminal extension when compared to other prokaryotic RPS2 sequences. This extension presents
no similarity with any known sequence and is not conserved in the maize or rice mitochondrial rps2 gene. Most probably, after translation, this peptide extension is processed by a specific peptidase to give rise to the mature
wheat mitochondrial RPS2.
Received: 20 November 1997 / Accepted: 29 January 1998 相似文献
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A gene (rps2) coding for ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) is present in the mitochondrial (mt) genome of several monocot plants, but absent from the mtDNA of dicots. Confirming that in dicot plants the corresponding gene has been transferred to the nucleus, a corresponding Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear gene was identified that codes for mitochondrial RPS2. As several yeast and mammalian genes coding for mt ribosomal proteins, the Arabidopsis RPS2 apparently has no N-terminal targeting sequence. In the maize mt genome, two rps2 genes were identified and both are transcribed, although at different levels. As in wheat and rice, the maize genes code for proteins with long C-terminal extensions, as compared to their bacterial counterparts. These extensions are not conserved in sequence. Using specific antibodies against one of the maize proteins we found that a large protein precursor is indeed synthesized, but it is apparently processed to give the mature RPS2 protein which is associated with the mitochondrial ribosome. 相似文献
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Structural and distributional variation of mitochondrial rps2 genes in the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kubo N Salomon B Komatsuda T von Bothmer R Kadowaki K 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,110(6):995-1002
The mitochondrial rps2 gene from barley, like that of rice, wheat, and maize, has an extended open reading frame (ORF) at the 3-region when compared to that from lower plants. However, the extended portions are variable among these cereals. Since barley and wheat belong to the same tribe (Triticeae), it would be interesting to know when and where the two types of rps2 were generated during evolution. To determine this, we utilized the mitochondrial (mt)DNA sequence to examine variations of the rps2 genes in the tribe Triticeae. By means of the variable 3-region, the distribution of barley (B)-type and wheat (W)-type rps2 sequences was studied in 19 genera of the tribe. The B-type sequence was identified in 10 of the 19 genera, whereas the W-type sequence was present in all 19 genera. Thus, ten of the examined genera have both types of rps2 sequences due to the presence of two copies of the gene. The W-type sequence was also present in the tribe Bromeae and the B-type sequence was also found in Aveneae and Poeae. Phylogenetic trees based on the B-type and W-type sequences were different from those based on other molecular data. This suggests that the mitochondrial genome in Triticeae has a unique evolutionary history.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 相似文献
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Background
Gene duplication has been a fundamental process in the evolution of eukaryotic genomes. After duplication one copy (or both) can undergo divergence in sequence, expression pattern, and function. Two divergent copies of the ribosomal protein S13 gene (rps13) of chloroplast origin are found in the nucleus of the rosids Arabidopsis, Gossypium, and Glycine. One encodes chloroplast-imported RPS13 (nucp rps13), while the other encodes mitochondria-imported RPS13 (numit rps13). The rps13 gene has been lost from mitochondrial DNA (mt rps13) of many rosids. 相似文献11.
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Background
Many mitochondrial genes, especially ribosomal protein genes, have been frequently transferred as functional entities to the nucleus during plant evolution, often by an RNA-mediated process. A notable case of transfer involves the rps14 gene of three grasses (rice, maize, and wheat), which has been relocated to the intron of the nuclear sdh2 gene and which is expressed and targeted to the mitochondrion via alternative splicing and usage of the sdh2 targeting peptide. Although this transfer occurred at least 50 million years ago, i.e., in a common ancestor of these three grasses, it is striking that expressed, nearly intact pseudogenes of rps14 are retained in the mitochondrial genomes of both rice and wheat. To determine how ancient this transfer is, the extent to which mitochondrial rps14 has been retained and is expressed in grasses, and whether other transfers of rps14 have occurred in grasses and their relatives, we investigated the structure, expression, and phylogeny of mitochondrial and nuclear rps14 genes from 32 additional genera of grasses and from 9 other members of the Poales. 相似文献13.
Vered Yesodi Shamay Izhar David Gidoni Yona Tabib Nurit Firon 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》1995,248(5):540-546
In petunia, a mitochondrial (mt) locus,S-Pcf, has been found to be strongly associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). TheS-Pcf locus consists of three open reading frames (ORF) that are co-transcribed. The first ORF,Pcf, contains parts of theatp9 andcoxII genes and an unidentified reading frame,urf-s. The second and third ORFs contain NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (nad3) and ribosomal protein S12 (rps12) sequences, respectively. Thenad3 andrps12 sequences included in theS-Pcf locus are identical to the corresponding sequences on the mt genome of fertile petunia. In both CMS and fertile petunia, only a single copy ofnad3 andrps12 has been detected on the physical map of the main mt genome. The origin of theurf-s sequence and the molecular events leading to the formation of the chimericS-Pcf locus are not known. This paper presents evidence indicating that two different mt sequences, related tourf-s and found in fertile petunia lines (orf-h and Rf-1), might have been involved in the molecular evolution of theS-Pcf locus. Southern analysis of mtDNA derived from both fertile and sterile petunia plants suggests that one of theseurf-s related sequences (showing 100% homology tourf-s and termedorf-h) is located on a sublimon. An additional, low-homologyurf-s related sequence (Rf-1) is shown to be located on the main mt genome 5′ to thenad3 gene. It is, thus, suggested that the sequence of events leading to the generation of theS-Pcf locus might have involved introduction of theorf-h sequence, via homologous recombination, into the main mt genome 5′ tonad3 at the region where the Rf-1 sequence is located. 相似文献
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We have isolated and analysed a 2 kb region of the mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana (Columbia) showing a high level of nucleotide identity with the mitochondrial (mt) rps14 small-subunit ribosomal protein gene from Oenothera berteriana and Vicia faba, as well as with an open reading frame (ORF) located upstream of the nad3 locus in O. berteriana. The rps14 locus is present as a single copy in the A. thaliana mt genome and has a translational stop codon located near the initiation codon, as well as a deletion of one nucleotide that disturbs the coding sequence. The cloning and sequencing of nine amplified mt rps14 cDNAs clearly demonstrated that this gene is transcribed and that the mRNA precursors are edited at three positions, all involving C-to-U conversions. No editing events changing the stop codon and restoring the correct coding sequence were witnessed within the 9 individual cDNA clones. Therefore, we conclude that the single rps14 sequence of the mitochondrial genome from A. thealiana is in fact a pseudogene that is transcribed and edited but not translated. 相似文献
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A single copy of the large ribosomal 26 S rRNA gene is found in the maize mitochondrial genome. The sequence of this gene and the flanking regions has been determined using the M13 dideoxy sequencing method. The maize mt 26 S rDNA shares a high degree of homology with the Escherichia coli 23 S rDNA, and the approximate 5′ and 3′ ends of the maize 26 S rDNA have been located by comparison with the E. coli sequence. The maize mt 26 S rDNA has also been compared with the sequences of the maize chloroplast 23 S rDNA, the human mitochondrial 16 S rDNA, part of the yeast mitochondrial 21 S rDNA, and the yeast cytoplasmic 25 S rDNA. In all cases, there are numerous regions of 70% or higher homology. 相似文献
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The mitochondrial gene encoding ribosomal protein S12 has been translocated to the nuclear genome in Oenothera. 下载免费PDF全文
The Oenothera mitochondrial genome contains only a gene fragment for ribosomal protein S12 (rps12), while other plants encode a functional gene in the mitochondrion. The complete Oenothera rps12 gene is located in the nucleus. The transit sequence necessary to target this protein to the mitochondrion is encoded by a 5'-extension of the open reading frame. Comparison of the amino acid sequence encoded by the nuclear gene with the polypeptides encoded by edited mitochondrial cDNA and genomic sequences of other plants suggests that gene transfer between mitochondrion and nucleus started from edited mitochondrial RNA molecules. Mechanisms and requirements of gene transfer and activation are discussed. 相似文献
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Guozheng Liu Dandan Cao Shuangshuang Li Aiguo Su Jianing Geng Corrinne E. Grover Songnian Hu Jinping Hua 《PloS one》2013,8(8)