脓毒症患者发生凝血功能紊乱的临床特征及预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探究脓毒症患者发生凝血功能紊乱的临床特征及预后影响因素。方法：选择2019年9月~2023年1月本院收治的80例脓毒症患者为本次研究对象,对所有患者开展凝血功能检验,并依据检验结果,将患者分为凝血功能异常组（n=60）及正常组（n=20）,分析凝血功能障碍异常及正常患者临床特征、凝血功能障碍异常及正常患者病情严重程度,并依据脓毒症患者预后,将其分为存活组（n=64）及死亡组（n=16）脓毒症患者预后的单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析。结果：凝血功能正常组及异常组平均动脉压、体温、白细胞计数（WBC）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、凝血酶时间（TT）指标水平无较大差异（P＞0.05）,与凝血功能正常组比较,凝血功能异常组患者呼吸、脉率、降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）指标水平相对较高,部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）指标水平相对较长,PLT指标水平相对较高（P＜0.05）;与凝血功能正常的脓毒症患者相比较,凝血功能异常患者急性肾损伤（AKI）及急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）发生率、急性生理与慢性健康评分（APACHE Ⅱ）及急性生理功能评分（SOFA）评分更高,住ICU时间均相对较长（P＜0.05）,机械通气及住院时间比较（P＞0.05）;脓毒症患者预后影响因素分析中,结果显示,年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、性别、糖尿病史、高血压病史均未对脓毒症患者预后产生较大影响（P＞0.05）,PT、PCT、APTT、CRP、SOFA评分及APACHE Ⅱ评分对脓毒症预后产生严重影响,死亡组患者各指标水平均高于存活组（P＜0.05）;将影响脓毒症患者预后的单因素予以赋值,纳入Logistic回归分析,以PCT、PT、APTT、CRP、SOFA、APACHE Ⅱ 评分为自变量,结果显示,PCT、PT、CRP、SOFA、APACHE Ⅱ 评分是影响脓毒症患者预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症患者发生凝血功能紊乱会对临床相关指标产生影响,从而增加疾病严重程度,依据脓毒症患者预后,研究结果显示,PT、PCT、CRP、SOFA及APACHE Ⅱ评分均会对脓毒症患者预后产生不良影响,检验上述指标水平,可为临床评估脓毒症预后提供一定参考价值。     

血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值与脓毒症患者APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分的相关性及其联合检测对预后的预测价值

摘要 目的：探讨血清可溶性血栓调节蛋白（sTM）、降钙素原（PCT）、C-反应蛋白与前白蛋白（CRP/PAB）比值与脓毒症患者急性生理和慢性健康评估Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分、序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分的相关性及其联合检测对预后的预测价值。方法：选取2020年3月～2020年12月我院重症医学科收治的97例脓毒症患者,根据Sepsis-3.0诊断标准分为普通脓毒症组44例、脓毒性休克组53例,根据入院后30 d内预后情况分为死亡组35例和存活组62例。收集患者基线资料和APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分,并检测血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值。采用Spearman相关性分析脓毒症患者血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析脓毒症患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值对脓毒症患者预后不良的预测价值。结果：脓毒性休克组血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值和APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分高于普通脓毒症组（P均＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示,脓毒症患者血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,收缩压升高为脓毒症患者预后不良的独立保护因素（P＜0.05）,脓毒性休克、合并器官损伤≥3个、机械通气时间延长、APACHEⅡ评分增加、SOFA评分增加、sTM升高、PCT升高、CRP/PAB比值升高为独立危险因素（P均＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值联合预测脓毒症患者预后不良的曲线下面积大于各指标单独预测。结论：脓毒症患者血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值升高与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分增加密切相关,血清sTM、PCT、CRP/PAB比值联合检测对脓毒症患者预后不良的预测价值较高。     

不同预后脓毒症患者血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白与凝血功能指标和APACHE Ⅱ评分的关系分析

目的:探讨不同预后脓毒症患者血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)与凝血功能指标和急性生理和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分的关系。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年1月期间深圳市第二人民医院重症医学科收治的160例脓毒症患者(脓毒症组)与在深圳市第二人民医院接受住院治疗的160例非脓毒症患者(非脓毒症组)的临床资料,根据脓毒症组患者住院28d后的预后情况分为存活组118例和死亡组42例,比较脓毒症组和非脓毒症组以及死亡组和存活组患者血清PCT和CRP水平、APACHE II评分以及凝血功能指标,采用Pearson相关性回归分析脓毒症患者血清降钙素原和CRP水平与APACHEⅡ评分以及凝血功能指标相关性。结果:与非脓毒症组相比,脓毒症组的血清PCT和CRP水平以及APACHEⅡ评分明显升高,凝血酶原时间(PT)和部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)明显延长(均P<0.05)。与存活组相比,死亡组的血清PCT和CRP水平以及APACHEⅡ评分明显升高,而PT和APTT均明显延长(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关性回归分析结果显示,血清PCT和CRP水平与APACHEⅡ评分、PT及APTT均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论:脓毒症患者血清PCT和CRP水平异常升高,APACHEⅡ评分及凝血功能指标均与血清PCT和CRP水平呈正相关,检测血清PCT和CRP水平有助于评估脓毒症患者的预后。     

脓毒症患者血清H2S、GDF-15、PTX-3水平与凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨脓毒症患者血清硫化氢（H₂S）、生长分化因子-15（GDF-15）、穿透素-3（PTX-3）水平与其凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性。方法：随机选取我院2018年2月～2020年2月收治的脓毒症患者52例作为脓毒症组,另选取我院同期收治的脓毒症休克患者46例作为休克组以及同期于我院进行体检的健康者50例作为对照组。检测三组血清H₂S、GDF-15、PTX-3水平以及凝血功能、炎症指标,其中凝血功能指标包括血小板计数（PLT）、部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）。炎症指标包括降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）。采用急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）、快速序贯器官功能（qSOFA）评分对脓毒症组、休克组患者病情进行评分。分析血清H2S、GDF-15、PTX-3与患者凝血功能、炎症指标及病情评分的相关性。结果：脓毒症组、休克组的血清H₂S、PLT均低于对照组,且休克组低于脓毒症组（P＜0.05）。脓毒症组、休克组的血清GDF-15、PTX-3、APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP均高于对照组,且休克组高于脓毒症组（P＜0.05）。脓毒症组APACHEⅡ、qSOFA评分均显著低于休克组（P＜0.05）。血清H2S与PLT呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分、qSOFA评分呈负相关（P＜0.05）。血清GDF-15、PTX-3与PLT呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与APTT、PT、FIB、PCT、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分、qSOFA评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症患者的血清H₂S明显下降,而血清GDF-15、PTX-3增高,三者与凝血功能、炎症以及病情评分均存在密切关联,这可能是影响脓毒症进展的重要原因之一。     

复杂性腹腔感染的病原菌分布及APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分联合PCT检测的预后评估价值研究

摘要 目的：探讨复杂性腹腔感染的病原菌分布及急性生理和慢性健康状况Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分、序贯器官衰竭（SOFA）评分联合降钙素原（PCT）检测的预后评估价值。方法：选择合肥市第二人民医院2016年1月至2020年10月收治的80例复杂性腹腔感染患者,分析腹腔细菌的病原菌分布情况。根据患者预后情况分为生存组（n=45）、死亡组（n=35）,比较两组APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PCT、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞计数（WBC）、中性粒细胞比例、血乳酸水平。分析患者预后的影响因素,并应用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PCT及三者联合检测对预后的预测价值。结果：80例复杂性腹腔感染患者共培养出病原菌112株,其中革兰氏阳性球菌20株（占比17.86%）,革兰氏阴性杆菌64株（占比57.14%）,真菌28株（占比25.00%）。死亡组白色念珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌感染比例显著高于存活组,大肠杆菌感染比例显著低于存活组（P<0.05）,死亡组血清APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PCT、CRP、血乳酸水平显著高于存活组,WBC、中性粒细胞比例显著低于存活组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,铜绿假单胞菌感染、白色念珠菌感染、APACHEⅡ评分≥20分、SOFA评分≥14分、PCT≥7.00 ng/mL、CRP≥100.00 mg/L、血乳酸≥4 mmol/L、WBC<6.00×10⁹、中性粒细胞比例<80.00%是患者死亡的危险因素（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分联合PCT检测对患者预后评估的敏感度为95.93%,特异度为92.38%。结论：复杂性腹腔感染以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,其死亡危险因素较多,联合检测APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分及PCT评估预后价值较高。     

血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1与脓毒症患儿心肌损伤指标的相关性及与预后的关系

摘要 目的：探讨血清降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、糖原磷酸化酶脑型（GPBB）、高迁移率族蛋白B1（HMGB1）水平与脓毒症患儿心肌损伤指标以及预后的关系。方法：选择2019年3月至2022年3月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二六医院收治的271例脓毒症心肌损伤患儿（心肌损伤组）和同期收治的227例脓毒症感染性疾病但未发生心肌损伤患儿（对照组）。检测两组血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1水平以及心肌损伤指标水平。应用Pearson相关系数分析血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1与心肌损伤指标之间的相关性。根据心肌损伤组患儿28d的预后情况分为死亡组和存活组，脓毒症心肌损伤患儿死亡的危险因素通过多因素Logistic回归分析。结果：心肌损伤组血清PCT、肌红蛋白（Mb）、CRP、GPBB、心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）、HMGB1、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）水平均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1水平均与血清Mb、CK-MB、cTnI水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）。死亡组脓毒症休克比例、APACHE Ⅱ评分、SOFA评分、尿素氮、血肌酐、血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1水平高于存活组（P＜0.05）。前白蛋白低于存活组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，高APACHE Ⅱ评分、存在脓毒症休克、高PCT、高CRP、高GPBB、高HMGB1、高cTnI是脓毒症患儿预后的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症心肌损伤患儿血清PCT、CRP、GPBB、HMGB1水平增高，且与预后不良以及心肌损伤指标有关。     

不同病原学结果血流感染脓毒症患者PT、NLR、PCT/ALB的变化及其与预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨不同病原学结果血流感染（BSI）脓毒症患者凝血酶原时间（PT）、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、降钙素原/白蛋白（PCT/ALB）的变化及其与预后的关系。方法：选取2021年1月～2023年3月复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院收治的BSI脓毒症患者130例,根据不同病原学结果分为真菌组11例、革兰阳性菌（G⁺菌）组49例、革兰阴性菌（G^-菌）组70例。根据28d临床结局将BSI脓毒症患者分为死亡组36例和存活组94例。检测并计算PT、NLR、PCT/ALB。采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响BSI脓毒症患者预后的因素,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析PT、NLR、PCT/ALB对BSI脓毒症患者死亡的预测价值。结果：G^-菌组PT长于真菌组、G⁺菌组,NLR、PCT/ALB高于真菌组、G⁺菌组（P＜0.05）,真菌组与G⁺菌组PT、NLR、PCT/ALB比较无差异（P＞0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示脓毒性休克、PT延长,序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分升高、急性生理和慢性健康评估Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分升高、NLR升高、PCT/ALB升高为影响BSI脓毒症患者预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示PT、NLR、PCT/ALB联合预测BSI脓毒症患者死亡的曲线下面积为0.897,大于PT、NLR、PCT/ALB单独预测（P＜0.05）。结论：相比真菌和G⁺菌,G^-菌BSI脓毒症患者PT、NLR、PCT/ALB明显升高,且PT、NLR、PCT/ALB升高是影响BSI脓毒症患者预后的独立危险因素,三者联合对BSI脓毒症患者预后的预测价值较高。     

脓毒症患者炎性因子、凝血功能与APACHEⅡ评分和预后的关系

目的:研究脓毒症患者炎性因子、凝血功能与急性生理学和慢性健康状况Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分和预后的关系。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月我院收治的脓毒症患者150例为脓毒症组,所有患者根据预后结果分为死亡组(n=49)和存活组(n=101),选择同期在我院住院的非脓毒症患者98例为非脓毒症组,比较脓毒症组与非脓毒症组患者炎性因子、凝血功能指标水平及APACHEⅡ评分,同时比较死亡组和存活组患者炎性因子、凝血功能指标水平及APACHEⅡ评分,并分析脓毒症患者APACHEⅡ评分与炎性因子、凝血功能指标的相关性。结果:脓毒症组患者降钙素原(PCT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)水平及APACHEⅡ评分均高于非脓毒症组,血小板计数(PLT)低于非脓毒症组(P0.05),两组C-反应蛋白(CRP)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。死亡组患者PCT、APTT、PT水平及APACHEⅡ评分均高于存活组,PLT水平低于存活组(P0.05),两组CRP比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Spearman相关性分析结果显示,脓毒症患者APACHEⅡ评分与PCT、APTT、PT均呈正相关关系,与PLT呈负相关关系(P0.05),与CRP无相关性(P0.05)。结论:脓毒症患者PCT、APTT、PT水平明显上升,PLT水平明显下降,且均与患者的APACHEⅡ评分密切相关,临床可通过调节炎症因子水平及凝血功能指标从而改善患者的病情和预后。     

老年肺炎患者血清Apelin-13水平与疾病严重程度和预后的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨与研究老年肺炎患者血清Apelin-13水平与疾病严重程度和预后的相关性。方法：采用回顾性研究方法,2018年3月到2021年2月选择在延安大学咸阳医院住院诊治的老年肺炎患者78例作为研究对象,检测血清Apelin-13水平,使用急性生理学及慢性健康状况评分系统（APACHEⅡ）、CT严重程度指数（CTSI）、序贯性器官功能衰竭评分（SOFA）评定患者的疾病严重程度,随访患者的预后并进行相关性分析。结果：所有患者随访到2021年7月1日,平均随访时间为18.47±2.82个月,死亡18例（死亡组）,占比23.1 %。死亡组的性别、年龄、生活行为、体重指数、病程、合并疾病等与非死亡组对比无差异（P>0.05）,但血清Apelin-13表达水平具有差异,且死亡组较非死亡组低（P<0.05）。死亡组的APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、CTSI评分高于非死亡组（P<0.05）。在78例患者中,Pearson分析显示血清Apelin-13水平与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、CTSI评分存在负相关性（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示：血清Apelin-13水平（OR=3.770）、APACHEⅡ评分（OR=3.624）、SOFA评分（OR=2.422）、CTSI评分（OR=1.842）都为影响患者预后死亡的重要因素（P<0.05）。结论：老年肺炎患者血清Apelin-13水平呈现低表达状况,与患者的APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、CTSI评分等疾病严重程度指标存在相关性,也是影响患者预后死亡的重要因素。     

血清sCD14、CRP、PCT在急性胰腺炎中的表达及与APACHEⅡ、BISAP的相关性

摘要 目的：探讨血清可溶性白细胞分化抗原14（sCD14）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）在急性胰腺炎中的表达及与急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHEII）、急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数（BISAP）的相关性。方法：选择2019年1月～2021年1月于我院进行治疗的急性胰腺炎患者150例患者进行研究,设为病例组,并选择我院同期体检健康者50例作为对照组,分析患者血清sCD14、CRP、PCT水平变化情况及与APACHEⅡ、BISAP之间的相关性。结果：病例组患者血清sCD14、CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ、BISAP水平均显著高于对照组,差异显著（P<0.05）;轻度患者血清sCD14、CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ、BISAP水平均显著低于中度、重度患者,中度患者血清sCD14、CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ、BISAP水平均显著低于重度患者,差异显著（P<0.05）;相关性分析结果显示,血清sCD14、CRP、PCT与APACHEⅡ、BISAP之间均呈正相关（r=0.449,0.649, 0.584,0.488,0.674,0.663,P＜0.05）。结论：急性胰腺炎患者血清sCD14、CRP、PCT均呈高表达,且与APACHEⅡ、BISAP密切相关。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.