响应面优化伏毛铁棒锤总生物碱微波辅助提取工艺

目的：优化微波辅助提取伏毛铁棒锤总生物碱工艺，并比较不同产地伏毛铁棒锤中总生物碱含量。方法：以单因素试验为基础，结合响应面法，以总生物碱的含量为评价指标，考察温度、料液比、时间和体积分数对提取得率的影响。结果：最佳微波辅助提取工艺参数（条件）为：温度48℃，料液比1∶19(g/mL)，时间12 min，甲醇体积分数39%。结论：该提取方法稳定可靠，操作简便，可用于优化伏毛铁棒锤总生物碱提取工艺。比较不同地区伏毛铁棒锤中总生物碱含量，贵南县伏毛铁棒锤总生物碱含量最高，为0.290%。     

响应曲面法优化伊贝母总生物碱提取工艺

目的:采用响应曲面法(Box-Behnken)优化伊贝母中总生物碱的提取工艺。方法:在单因素试验基础上,选取乙醇体积分数、提取时间和液料比3个因素进行Box-Benhnken中心组合设计,以总生物碱含量和浸膏率的综合评分为响应值,利用响应曲面法对其提取工艺参数进行优化。结果:优选出的伊贝母总生物碱最佳提取工艺为加43.14倍p H 2的69.78%乙醇提取1次,每次1.86 h,考虑到生产实际操作,故将实验条件确定为加40倍p H 2的70%乙醇提取1次,每次1.5 h。在此条件下,伊贝母总生物碱含量达到11.04%,浸膏率达到13.75%,综合评分为98.90。结论:实测值与响应曲面法回归模型的预测值相近,与模型拟合良好,优化的提取工艺准确可靠,具有一定的实用价值,可用于伊贝母总生物碱的提取工艺。     

响应面法优化康定鼠尾草中迷迭香酸提取工艺

利用单因素实验和响应面法优化康定鼠尾草中迷迭香酸提取工艺。采用高效液相色谱法测定迷迭香酸含量,以提取率为参考指标。通过单因素实验筛选出料液比、提取时间和乙醇浓度三个主要因素,通过BoxBehnken设计方案,建立迷迭香酸提取得率的二次回归方程,得到优化组合条件。最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度40%,液固比15∶1,提取时间50 min。最佳提取条件下,迷迭香酸提取得率为12.30 mg/g。优化得到的康定鼠尾草中迷迭香酸的提取工艺合理,操作可行,质量稳定。     

Box-Behnken响应面法优化余甘子总多酚超声提取工艺

以余甘子中总多酚的提取量为评价指标,通过单因素试验结合Box-Behnken响应面法,研究乙醇浓度、超声时间、超声温度对余甘子中总多酚提取工艺的影响,并优化提取工艺。结果表明：影响余甘子总多酚提取的因素主次为乙醇浓度>超声温度>超声时间,最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度64%、超声时间39 min、提取温度43 ℃。验证试验中总多酚提取量为186.17 mg/g,与模型预测值190.33 mg/g较接近。Box-Behnken响应面回归方程拟合度良好,适合用于余甘子总多酚提取工艺的回归分析和参数优化。     

喜树叶中生物碱成分提取工艺优化及抗菌抗氧化活性研究北大核心CSCD

运用响应面法优化喜树叶中总生物碱提取工艺并考察总生物碱提取物的抗菌及抗氧化活性。本文在单因素试验基础上,选定超声提取时间为40 min,并进一步选取料液比、超声功率、甲醇比例为自变量,以总生物碱提取率为响应值,利用Box-Benhnken中心组合设计3因素3水平试验,确定最佳提取工艺条件为:超声时间40 min,甲醇:甲酸:水=17. 5∶1∶1. 5,料液比1∶22 g/m L,超声功率240 W。在此条件下,生物碱的得率为1. 67±0. 08 mg/g。抗菌结果表明喜树叶总生物碱提取物(LAE)对S. aureus、E. coli和P. aeruginosa MIC值分别为4. 38,8. 75,8. 75μg/m L。LAE的总抗氧化能力较好,其FRAP值为0. 16±0. 01 mmol·L-1,对DPPH和ABTS自由基清除半抑制浓度分别为4μg/m L和3μg/m L。本研究为喜树次生代谢产物的进一步开发利用提供了参考依据。     

魔芋飞粉总生物碱的提取工艺研究

目的:研究魔芋飞粉总生物碱提取的最佳条件。方法:以盐酸小檗碱为对照,采用酸性染料比色法测定总生物碱含量;通过单因素试验,考察乙醇浓度、料液比、pH、温度、时间、提取次数等对总生物碱提取效果的影响;通过正交实验确定最佳工艺条件。结果:影响魔芋飞粉总生物碱提取效果的因素的主次顺序是:pH>乙醇浓度>料液比>提取温度,其中pH对魔芋飞粉总生物碱提取效果影响显著(P<0.05)。魔芋飞粉总生物碱最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比为1:15,温度为50℃,乙醇浓度为70%,pH值为1。在此工艺条件下,总生物碱提取量可达到89.79mg/100g。结论:本文建立的优化方法简单可行,可为魔芋飞粉的总生物碱提取工业提供理论依据。     

喜树叶中生物碱成分提取工艺优化及抗菌抗氧化活性研究

运用响应面法优化喜树叶中总生物碱提取工艺并考察总生物碱提取物的抗菌及抗氧化活性。本文在单因素试验基础上,选定超声提取时间为40 min,并进一步选取料液比、超声功率、甲醇比例为自变量,以总生物碱提取率为响应值,利用Box-Benhnken中心组合设计3因素3水平试验,确定最佳提取工艺条件为:超声时间40 min,甲醇:甲酸:水=17. 5∶1∶1. 5,料液比1∶22 g/m L,超声功率240 W。在此条件下,生物碱的得率为1. 67±0. 08 mg/g。抗菌结果表明喜树叶总生物碱提取物(LAE)对S. aureus、E. coli和P. aeruginosa MIC值分别为4. 38,8. 75,8. 75μg/m L。LAE的总抗氧化能力较好,其FRAP值为0. 16±0. 01 mmol·L-1,对DPPH和ABTS自由基清除半抑制浓度分别为4μg/m L和3μg/m L。本研究为喜树次生代谢产物的进一步开发利用提供了参考依据。     

响应面法优化合萌总黄酮提取工艺

目的:利用响应面法优化合萌中总黄酮的提取工艺条件。方法:通过单因素试验分别考察提取时间、乙醇体积分数、液固比、提取温度及提取次数对合萌总黄酮得率的影响,并选取提取时间、乙醇体积分数、液固比、提取温度为影响因子,应用响应面法优化提取工艺。结果:合萌总黄酮的最佳提取条件为:提取时间60 min,乙醇浓度65%,液固比(g∶m L)25∶1,提取温度90℃,在此条件下,合萌总黄酮得率为4.08 mg/g,接近模型预测值4.11 mg/g。结论:响应面法在一定程度上可以提高合萌总黄酮得率,表明响应面法用于合萌总黄酮提取工艺的优化具有可行性。     

桑枝中桑皮苷A的提取工艺优化及其含量测定

本文采用响应面法优化桑枝中桑皮苷A的超声提取工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,以桑枝中桑皮苷A为响应值,考察了甲醇比例、溶剂体积、超声时间及超声温度对桑皮苷A含量测定的影响。研究表明,桑枝中桑皮苷A的最佳提取工艺条件为:60%甲醇水溶液,溶剂体积55 mL,超声时间40 min,超声温度35℃。在该条件下,桑枝中桑皮苷A质量分数为7. 63 mg/g,与预测值7. 64 mg/g接近。桑皮苷A在0. 012 8~0. 064 mg/mL范围呈良好的线性关系(r=0. 999 3),9批桑枝药材中桑皮苷A含量范围为4. 97~13. 14 mg/g。结果表明根据Box-Behnken模型、采用响应面分析法得到的桑枝中桑皮苷A提取优化工艺准确可靠,可用于检测桑枝中桑皮苷A的含量。     

栀子中栀子苷和绿原酸的提取工艺研究

本实验以绿原酸含量和栀子苷含量为响应值,在单因素实验基础上选取试验因素与水平,根据中心组合(Box-Benhnken)试验设计原理,采用3因素3水平的响应面分析法,拟合实验因素与响应值的多元二次方程,并对各个因素的显著性及交互作用进行分析。运用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件优化得到栀子超声提取工艺的最佳条件,液料比42.67 m L/g、甲醇浓度56.89%、超声时间15.67 min,在此条件下,绿原酸含量为27.38 mg/g,栀子苷含量为48.47 mg/g,与模型预测值相近,相对偏差分别为0.60%和1.16%,说明响应面优化所得的栀子提取工艺可靠、可行,提取更为完全、充分,更有利于实现栀子质量的综合评价与利用。     

Optimization of the extraction of anthocyanin from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) marc produced during traditional wine processing and characterization of the extracts

The extraction of anthocyanin from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) marc generated during traditional wine processing was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A face-centered cube design (FCD) consisting of 17 experimental runs, including five replicates at the center point, was used to investigate the effects of the three variables (solid-liquid ratio, time, and temperature) on anthocyanin extraction, and the results showed that the relationship between the three variables and the total anthocyanin content followed a quadratic model (R2=0.8853). In addition, the RSM analysis predicted that the optimum conditions for extraction consisted of a solid-liquid ratio of 20, a time of 60min, and a temperature of 60 degrees C. Verification tests performed under these optimum conditions gave 34.7+/-1.4mg/100g of anthocyanin, which was close to predicted value of 37.2mg/100g. Additionally, analysis of water extracts prepared using the predicted optimum conditions revealed that the carbohydrates (sugar and pectin) in Bokbunja marc underwent significant variation toward the formation of by-products (glycerol and uronic acids) during yeast fermentation, and that the amount of anthocyanin produced was reduced 10-fold when compared to the original extraction. Further, the results of HPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysis of the anthocyanins extracted from Bokbunja marc revealed the presence of six anthocyanin components, which were tentatively identified as cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside, cyanidin 3-O-xylosylrutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-?, and delphinidin 3-O-glucuronide.     

响应面优化纤维素酶辅助提取木豆叶总黄酮工艺

为探讨纤维素酶辅助提取木豆叶总黄酮最佳工艺条件,在单因素试验基础上,以酶用量、酶解温度、酶解时间和酶解pH为影响因子,总黄酮得率为响应值,采用Box-behnken中心组合设计建立4个影响因子与总黄酮得率关系的数学模型,进行响应面法分析。结果表明,纤维素酶辅助提取木豆叶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：酶用量为8.65 mg,酶解温度为33.88℃,酶解时间为2.02 h,酶解pH为5.02。在最优条件下总黄酮理论得率为4.86%,实测值为4.88%,拟合得到的模型与实际吻合良好。本研究建立的提取工艺条件稳定可靠,为以后木豆叶总黄酮的应用开发提供实验依据。     

水酶法提取紫苏籽油脂工艺

采用中心组合设计(CCD)-响应面(RSM)优化紫苏籽油脂的水酶法提取工艺。在单因素试验的基础上采用中心组合设计方法,研究了酶的种类、酶解温度、pH、液(mL)固(g)比、加酶量、以及时间相互作用对紫苏油脂提取率的影响。结果显示,拟合得到方程显著,确定的紫苏油脂提取最优条件为:碱性蛋白酶在pH9.5条件下液(mL)固(g)比9.97∶1、加酶量2.75%、温度56.1℃、时间5.25h,该条件下紫苏油脂的提取率可达到37.65%,与理论值38.3%十分接近,建立的模型真实可靠,确定了紫苏油脂的最佳提取工艺。经气相色谱检测紫苏籽油中含有棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸等脂肪酸,水酶法提取紫苏油脂的α-亚麻酸相对含量最高67.9%,且相对溶剂法及冷榨法理化指标最好。     

壮药山风总黄酮提取工艺的优化研究

采用正交试验对超声辅助提取壮药山风中总黄酮的工艺进行优化,通过考察黄酮的提取温度、乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间,得到山风总黄酮的最优提取条件为:提取温度80℃、乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶40 g·mL-1、提取时间20 min,提取率为24.72 mg·g-1,为进一步开发壮药山风的药用及功能性食品利用价值提供理论参考。     

MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND PROCESS OPTIMIZATION FOR SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF POLYPHENOLS FROM RED GRAPES USING BOX–BEHNKEN DESIGN

The objective of the present study is to find out the optimum extraction conditions for extraction of polyphenols from red grapes using Box–Behnken design. Red grapes polyphenols were extracted using acid–ethanol solvent at various extraction temperature (40–60°C), extraction time (20–100 min) and different solid–liquid ratio (1:5–1:15 g:ml). The effect (main and interactive) of extraction conditions on total anthocyanin, phenolic and flavonoid content were studied using Box–Behnken design (three factors at three levels). The results showed that the contribution of the quadratic model was significant for all the responses. Second-order mathematical regression models were developed and were found to fit well with observed data. Derringer's desirability function methodology was performed to find out the optimal conditions based on both individual and combinations of all responses (extraction temperature: 57°C, time: 61 min, and solid–liquid ratio: 1:8.7 g:ml) were established. At this optimal condition, the anthocyanin yield, total phenolic and flavonoid content were 73.92 mg/100 g, 221.4 mg GAE/100 g, and 79.08 mg CE/100 g, respectively. A desirability value of 0.902 was achieved at this point.     

不同来源牡丹皮总黄酮含量分析

通过单因素试验、响应面分析法优化牡丹根皮的总黄酮提取工艺,并用紫外分光光度法测定不同产地野生和栽培牡丹皮总黄酮含量。结果显示,最佳工艺为料液比1:50 (g/mL),乙醇浓度50%,提取温度64 ℃,超声时间65 min,陕西商洛和陕西略阳产野生牡丹皮的总黄酮含量最高达64.035 mg·g-1,云南昆明栽培牡丹皮总黄酮含量最低,仅30.439 mg·g-1。     

正交试验优化乙醇回流提取积雪草苷的工艺研究

为了优化积雪草中积雪草苷的提取工艺,本研究采用乙醇回流法,以积雪液草苷含量为研究指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验设计,考察乙醇浓度、液料比、粉碎粒度以及提取时间等因素对提取结果的影响。结果表明,积雪草苷的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度70%、液料比10∶1、粉碎粒度140目、提取时间6h,该工艺条件下积雪草苷的提取含量达到8.32mg·g-1。     

丽江大黄中多羟基芪类成分的提取工艺研究

本文采用正交实验,以Rhaponfin和Desoxyrhaponticin的总含量为指标,运用HPLC含量分析测定法,研究了丽江大黄中多羟基芪类成分的提取工艺.结果表明:以料液比1:12,提取温度65℃,pH =7,浓度为90％乙醇回流提取2h为最佳提取条件,在此条件下提取的多羟基芪类成分Rhapontin和Desoxyrhaponticin的总含量为104.98 mg/g.     

Use of response surface optimization for the production of biosurfactant from Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574

The production of biosurfactant from Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574 was effectively enhanced by response surface methodology (RSM). Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574 was selected through screening of seven different Rhodococcus strains. The preliminary screening experiments (one-factor at a time) suggested that carbon source: mannitol, nitrogen source: yeast extract and meat peptone and inducer: n-hexadecane are the critical medium components. The concentrations of these four media components were optimized by using central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of RSM. The adequately high R2 value (0.947) and F score 19.11 indicated the statistical significance of the model. The optimum medium composition for biosurfactant production was found to contain mannitol (1.6 g/L), yeast extract (6.92 g/L), meat peptone (19.65 g/L), n-hexadecane (63.8 g/L). The crude biosurfactant was obtained from methyl tert-butyl ether extraction. The yield of biosurfactant before and after optimization was 3.2 g/L of and 10.9 g/L, respectively. Thus, RSM has increased the yield of biosurfactant to 3.4-fold. The crude biosurfactant decreased the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 30.8 mN/m (at 120 mg L(-1)) and achieved a critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 120 mg L(-1).     

响应面设计法优化仙鹤草总多酚的超声提取工艺

在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面分析法对影响超声辅助提取仙鹤草总多酚得率的主要因素(超声温度、料液比和乙醇浓度)进行优化,建立了影响因素与总多酚之间的函数关系。获得最佳工艺条件为:71%乙醇,料液比1∶24,超声提取温度60℃,提取时间20 min。在此最佳条件下,总多酚得率为3.56%,试验结果与模型预测值相符。