医院门诊自助服务系统使用率的多因素分析

目的 探索医院门诊一站式自助服务系统在不同干预措施下的使用情况和使用患者的反馈。方法 2015年1—12月通过对门诊进行未干预、3种单独干预各1月、两种较强联合干预和全线干预后,计算自助服务系统的使用人次和使用人次占比,之后对患者进行问卷随访,比较患者的满意度、机器正常运行率和节省的时间。结果 在入口处设置醒目标识提示自助服务系统,多途径宣传一站式服务并且在自助机旁配备充足的指导人员的自助服务系统使用率相对最高。结论 自助服务系统使用率的提升不仅需要多途径、多层次,还需要门诊管理者在必要的时机进行适当的策略调整以取得有效模式来配合门诊运转。

     

教学医院急诊日夜就诊病例分析

目的 探讨急诊就诊患者在不同时段的就诊规律,为急诊科管理提供依据。方法 收集门急诊就诊信息系统2009年10月1日—2010年4月30日急诊病例资料。采用多阶段随机抽样方法,共抽取7 634份急诊病例资料。结果 急诊患者中男性多于女性,急诊儿科中位年龄3岁,急诊内科、急诊外科中位年龄32岁。就诊科别以急诊儿科患者占多数。费用类别以自费患者为主。16：00—<00：00时上夜班为就诊高峰时段,在高峰时段,急诊儿科、医疗保险患者增加较明显,但疾病轻重分级以4级及5级轻症病例为主。结论 在就诊高峰时段,要相应调整排班,加强导诊和分诊,可缓解急诊科拥挤现象。学科建设中要加强急诊儿科医师的培养。     

住院病人对医疗机构的评价及影响患者不满意的因素分析

目的 了解住院病人的看法,为提高患者满意度,促进医患和谐提供参考。方法 利用2008年第4次国家卫生服务调查的数据,用描述性方法和Logistic回归,分析住院病人对所住医院的评价以及影响住院病人不满意的因素。结果 一半以上的住院病人比较满意。费用高、设备差、手续繁琐、态度差是最不满意的4个方面。收入、住院时间、自费高低等因素会影响患者满意。 结论 提高住院患者满意度,改善医患关系需要医、患、政府三方共同努力。     

病种质量管理方式探讨 ——以剖宫产为例

目的 以剖宫产为例研究病种管理方式,探讨病种纳入标准。方法 采用统计学分析法,对不同指征剖宫产按照住院天数、住院费用进行分组,并对其住院费用的影响因素进行分析。结果 5组不同指征剖宫产数据根据住院费用指标可分为3组,按照住院天数指标分类则可归纳为2组,并且经分析发现,影响不同指征剖宫产术住院总费用的因素主要为药费、住院天数。结论 可以依据医疗资源消耗的相似性制定病种纳入标准,扩大病种质量控制体系范围;此外,通过控制关键影响因素来加强病种质量管理,降低患者医疗费用。     

护理人员实施关怀护理组织环境因素的质性研究

目的 归纳总结护理人员对患者实施关怀护理的组织环境因素,为护理管理者制定合理应对措施优化实施关怀护理的组织环境提供参考。方法 采用质性研究方法,对15名护理人员进行半结构式访谈,用现象学分析法进行资料分析。结果 护理人员在实际工作中感知到的对患者实施关怀护理的组织环境因素包括物理环境、心理环境、组织资源、组织制度和组织气氛。结论 关怀护理的良好实施需要组织环境的支持。     

心脏外科术后随访数据库的建立及完善

目的 构建新型、双向交互式、远程医疗随访平台,完善心脏术后临床数据的收集,并为患者提供可靠优质的随访服务。方法 运用现代通信、计算机及网络技术,开发与移动网兼容的随诊数据库及软件,以术后随访率、术后重要指标的随访质量,作为评估随访系统的标准。结果 系统正式运行1年余,共录入术后患者1392例,总随访率80.1%,其中超声心动图1065人次,心电图953人次,胸片567人次,国际标准化比值3856人次。结论 三爱医疗随访平台能有效地进行临床资料的收集,并将医疗服务延伸,给患者带来更多的帮助。     

预约挂号爽约病人情况调查与对策探讨

目的 了解爽约人群的特点,分析爽约的原因,提出改进措施,提高预约诊疗服务质量。方法 通过立意抽样的方法,采用自行设计的问卷对2009年10—12月有爽约行为的人进行电话调查。 结果 爽约人群以上班族为主,且以本市居民为主,主要原因是因交通受阻。结论 建议加大社会宣传力度,增加预约者取号提示,增设退号专线方便退号,缩短爽约者预约卡停用时间等措施,降低爽约率,提高预约诊疗服务品质。     

实施“优质护理服务示范工程”的实践探讨

目的 探讨“优质护理服务示范工程”的实施及影响。方法 树立“优质护理服务示范工程”护理服务文化理念,制定“优质护理服务示范工程”护理服务标准及实施方法。结果 提高了病人满意度及护理工作质量、健康教育覆盖率及合格率,增进护患感情。结论 开展“优质护理服务示范工程”, 能提高护理质量, 确保护理安全,能扩大医院的知名度, 提升护理服务的品牌。     

基于患者体验的医疗服务质量关键指标体系构建

??????? 目的 初步构建基于“患者体验”的医疗服务质量关键指标体系。方法 通过检索国内外相关文献,构建指标体系框架和专家咨询表并进行2轮专家咨询,确定了基于“患者体验”的医疗服务质量关键指标体系。结果 构建基于“患者体验”的医疗服务质量关键指标体系,一级指标有有形性、可靠性、反应性、保证性、关怀性和连续性6个,二级指标28个,三级指标83个。结论 基于患者体验的医疗服务质量关键指标体系具有很强的实用性,为患者体验量表开发奠定基础。研究结果对于改进我国医疗服务质量评价手段和策略具有重要意义。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.