共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Zyakun A. M. Kosheleva I. A. Zakharchenko V. N. Kudryavtseva A. I. Peshenko V. A. Filonov A. E. Boronin A. M. 《Microbiology》2003,72(5):592-596
The study deals with a comparative analysis of the relative abundances of the carbon isotopes 12C and 13C in the metabolites and biomass of the Burkholderia sp. BS3702 and Pseudomonas putida BS202-p strains capable of utilizing aliphatic (n-hexadecane) and aromatic (naphthalene) hydrocarbons as sources of carbon and energy. The isotope compositions of the carbon dioxide, biomass, and exometabolites produced during the growth of Burkholderia sp. BS3702 on n-hexadecane (13C = –44.6 ± 0.2) were characterized by the values of 13CCO
2 = –50.2 ± 0.4, 13Cbiom = –46.6 ± 0.4, and 13Cexo = –41.5 ± 0.4, respectively. The isotope compositions of the carbon dioxide, biomass, and exometabolites produced during the growth of the same bacterial strain on naphthalene (13C = –21 ± 0.4) were characterized by the isotope effects 13CCO
2 = –24.1 ± 0.4, 13Cbiom = –19.2 ± 0.4, and 13Cexo = –19.1 ± 0.4, respectively. The possibility of using the isotope composition of metabolic carbon dioxide for the rapid monitoring of the microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment is discussed. 相似文献
2.
Rabbit antisera were raised against -(16)-galactotetraose coupled to bovine serum albumin (Gal4-BSA). The antisera reacted with arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) isolated from seeds, roots, or leaves of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) as revealed by immunodiffusion analysis. Extensive removal of -l-arabinofuranosyl residues from these AGPs enhanced the formation of precipitin with the antisera. The antisera did not react with such other polysaccharides as soybean arabinan-4-galactan, -(14)-galactan, and -(13)-galactan, indicating their high specificity toward the consecutive -(16)-galactosyl side chains of AGPs. The antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography on a column of immobilized -(16)-galactotetraose as ligand. The specificity of the antibodies toward consecutive (16)-linked -galactosyl residues was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hapten inhibition against Gal4-BSA as antigen, which revealed that -(16)-galactotriose and-tetraose were potent inhibitors, while -(13)-or -(14)-galactobioses and -trioses were essentially unreactive. Electron-microscopic observation of immunogold-stained tissues demonstrated that AGPs were localized in the middle lamella as well as at the plasma membrane of primary roots of radish. Agglutination of protoplasts prepared from cotyledons occurred with the antibodies, supporting the evidence for localization of AGPs in the plasma membrane. The antibody-mediated agglutination was inhibited by addition of AGPs or -(16)-galactotetraose.Abbreviations AGP
arabinogalactan-protein
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FITC
fluorescein isothiocyanate
- Gal3-BSA
-(16)-galactotriose coupled to BSA
- Gal4-BSA
-(16)-galactotetraose coupled to BSA
- Ig
immunoglobulin
- 4-Me-GlcpA
4-O-methyl-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid
- Mr
relative molecular mass
The authors wish to thank Dr. J. Ohnishi of Department of Biochemistry, Saitama University, for his help in preparing protoplasts. 相似文献
3.
J. -P. Zhu A. Guggisberg M. Kalt-Hadamowsky M. Hesse 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1990,172(1-4):13-34
According to their alkaloidal products species of the new genusTabernaemontana can be partly differentiated. This differentiation is in agreement with the old genera classification. From the chemotaxonomic point of view a subdivision of subfam.Plumerioideae of theApocynaceae is proposed. 相似文献
4.
The chromosomes of ten species of Cyrtonus and the genome sizes of six are surveyed. Among the total of 15 chromosomally studied species, 11 have 2n=28 chromosomes and a 13+Xyp male meioformula, three have 2n=40 and 19+Xyp and one 2n=46 and 22+Xyp. All but one species with 28 chromosomes show only metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes, whereas the species with 40 and 46 chromosomes display some telocentrics or subtelocentrics, that are probably derived from the former by centric fissions. However, since the number of major chromosome arms is strikingly higher in these latter species (NF=70 and 78) than in the 28-chromosome species (mostly NF=56), other chromosomal rearrangements such as pericentric inversions or heterochromatin accretions could also be involved. The genome sizes display a narrow range, from 1C=0.6–1.22pg, and they are not significantly correlated with the chromosome numbers. Some possible factors implied in the rough chromosomal evolution of Cyrtonus are discussed in relation to a few other genera of the subfamily Chrysomelinae. 相似文献
5.
Willy R. Kinzy David M. Belenky Frank G. Loontiens Nathan Sharon 《Glycoconjugate journal》1992,9(5):225-227
The synthesis of the methyl - and -N-dansyl-d-galactosaminides is described using methyl ,-2-azido-2-deoxy-d-galactopyranoside as starting material. This was reduced to the corresponding methyl ,-2-amino-2-deoxy-d-galactopyranoside and then treated with dansyl chloride to yield a mixture of methyl ,-N-dansyl-d-galactosaminides which was separated into individual anomeric forms by flash chromatography on silica gel. Methyl -N-dansyl-d-galactosaminide was used as a fluorescent indicator ligand in continuous substitution titrations to determine the association constants of nonchromophoric carbohydrates with theN-acetyl-d-galactosamine specific lectin fromErythrina corallodendron.Abbreviations ECorL
Erythrina corallodendron lectin
- MeGalNDns
methyl 2-deoxy-2-(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfamido)--d-galactopyranoside
- MeGalNDns
methyl 2-deoxy-2-(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfamido)--d-galactopyranoside
Dedicated to Hilde De Boeck (1958–1991). 相似文献
6.
Annerose und Fritz Anders 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1963,94(1):1-18
Zusammenfassung Beim wildenPlatypoecilus maculatus aus Mexiko, der im männlichen Geschlecht heterogamet ist (Gordon 1946), ist neben dem gonosomalen noch ein autosomales System von Geschlechtsrealisatoren am Werke (vgl.Öktay 1959). Es vermag in extremen Konstellationen, die zufalls- oder selektionsbedingt sein können, denXY-Mechanismus epistatisch zu überlagern, so da\XY-Individuen zu determiniert werden können.XY- sind voll vital und fertil und ergeben in Paarungen mitXY- nebenXX- undXY- voll vitale und fertileXY-.Auf Grund der vorliegenden Kreuzungsergebnisse und der Befunde anderer Autoren wird angenommen, daß der normalerweise rein gonosomale Geschlechtsbestimmungsmodus vonPlatypoecilus maculatus aus dem primitiveren autosomal polyfaktoriellen, der unter anderem bei einem nahen Verwandten dieser Art,Xiphophorus helleri, vorkommt (Kosswig 1931 ff.), hervorgegangen ist.Mit 1 Textabbildung 相似文献
7.
Ernst Vitek 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1985,148(3-4):215-237
A more precise taxonomic concept ofE. hirtella and its infraspecific synonymy is presented. Its diploid nature (2n = 22) is confirmed. Within the European area ofE. hirtella five different races may be recognised: typical, brandisii, capitulata, Rofan and Bretagne. Taxonomic rank is not yet attributed to these races. The heterogeneous taxonomic assembly E. drosocalyx is disentangled. The type refers to products of hybrid introgression ofE. rostkoviana-characters (long glandular hairs) intoE. minima.
Former contributions of this series areEhrendorfer & Vitek (1984) andGreilhuber & al. (1984). 相似文献
8.
Taichi Usui Masahiro Suzuki Toshinari Sato Hirokazu Kawagishi Kyoko Adachi Hiroshi Sano 《Glycoconjugate journal》1994,11(2):105-110
Transmannosylation from mannotriose (Man1-4Man1-4Man) to the 4-position at the nonreducing end N-acetylglucosaminyl residue ofN,N-diacetylchitobiose was regioselectively induced through the use of -d-mannanase fromAspergillus niger. The enzyme formed the trisaccharide Man1-4GlcNAc1-4GlcNAc (3.7% of the enzyme-catalysed net decrease ofN,N-diacetylchitobiose) from mannotriose as a donor andN,N-diacetylchitobiose as an acceptor. Mannobiose (Man1-4Man) was also shown to be useful as a donor substrate for the desired trisaccharide synthesis.Abbreviations Man
d-mannose
- (M
n) (n=1–5)
-linkedn-mer of mannose
- GlcNAc2
2-acetamido-2-deoxy--d-glucopyranosyl-(1–4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose 相似文献
9.
Rajkhowa R.C. Goswami Pranab Singh H.D. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2000,16(1):63-68
The mechanism of uptake of water-insoluble -sitosterol by a newly isolated strain of Arthrobacter
simplex SS-7 was studied. The production of an extracellular sterol-pseudosolubilizing protein during growth of A. simplex on -sitosterol was demonstrated by isolating the factor from the cell-free supernatant and its subsequent purification by Sephadex G-150 column chromatography. The M
r of the purified sterol-pseudosolubilizing protein determined by SDS–PAGE was 19kDa. The rate of sterol pseudosolubilization (5.2×10–3g l–1h–1) could not adequately account for the rate of sterol uptake (72×10–3g l–1h–1) and the specific growth rate (56×10–3 h–1). However in the unfavourable growth condition, when the cells were treated with sodium azide at the level of 30–60% of MIC, the sterol pseudosolubilization accounted for nearly 74% of the total growth containing 96% free cells. Cellular adherence to substrate particles was found to play an active role in the normal growth of the strain on -sitosterol. Unlike sodium acetate-grown cells, whose surface activity was negligible (60mNm–1), the sterol-grown cells had strong surface activity (40mNm–1). The high lipid content and long chain fatty acids in the cell-wall of -sitosterol-grown cells probably contribute to the high sterol adherence activity of the cells. 相似文献
10.
In vitro culture of Aloe Barbadensis Mill.: Micropropagation from vegetative meristems 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Lucia Natali Isidro Castorena Sanchez Andrea Cavallini 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1990,20(1):71-74
A method for rapid and highly effective plant micropropagation from vegetative meristems was established for Aloe barbadensis Mill. Plant micropropagation was achieved culturing apices on medium containing 1.1 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2.3 M kinetin for 15–30 days. High morphogenetic ability was maintained by transferring explants (after 60 days) on media containing 0.11 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2.2 M 6-benzylaminopurine. 相似文献
11.
Graeme Wistow 《Journal of molecular evolution》1990,30(2):140-145
Summary A search of sequence databases shows that spherulin 3a, an encystment-specific protein ofPhysarum polycephalum, is probably structurally related to the - and -crystallins, vertebrate ocular lens proteins, and to Protein S, a sporulation-specific protein ofMyxococcus xanthus. The - and -crystallins have two similar domains thought to have arisen by two successive gene duplication and fusion events. Molecular modeling confirms that spherulin 3a has all the characteristics required to adopt the tertiary structure of a single -crystallin domain. The structure of spherulin 3a thus illustrates an earlier stage in the evolution of this protein superfamily. The relationship of - and -crystallins to spherulin 3a and Protein S suggests that the lens proteins were derived from an ancestor with a role in stressresponse, perhaps a response to osmotic stress. 相似文献
12.
Wei Tong Wang Fumito Matsuura Hernan Nunez Norman Ledonne Jr. Betty Baltzer Charles C Sweeley 《Glycoconjugate journal》1984,1(1):17-35
Ten previously unreported oligosaccharides have been purified from the urines of human subjects using a combination of gel filtration, ion exchange, and thin-layer chromatographies. Their structures were determined by direct probe mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, and proton NMR spectroscopy of the permethylated oligosaccharide alditols.On the basis of composition, the oligosaccharides could be divided into three groups. Five oligosaccharides containing glycerol were characterized as glucosyl1-1glycerol; glucosyl1-1glycerol; galactosyl1-1glycerol; glucosyl-1-1(fucosyl-1-2)glycerol and/or fucosyl-1-1(glucosyl-1-2)glycerol; and glucosyl-1-1(galactosyl-1-2)glycerol or galactosyl-1-1(glucosyl-1-2)glycerol. Four inositol-containing oligosaccharides were characterized as galactosyl1 (fucosyl1)inositol,N-acetylgalactosaminyl1 (fucosyl1)inositol, fucosyl1-2galactosyl1 (N-acetylgalactosaminyl1)inositol and fucosyl1-2galactosyl1-4-N-acetylglucosaminyl1(N-acetylgalactosaminyl1)inositol. Finally, galactosyl1-3(fucosyl1-2)galactosyl1-6galactosyl1-4(fucosyl1-3)glucose, an oligosaccharide with glucose at its reducing end, was tentatively identified. The significance and possible origins of the carbohydrate structures are discussed. 相似文献
13.
The regional difference in the carbohydrate components of the ductus epididymis epithelium of a lizard was delineated by means of 13 lectins. Basal cells expressed only N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Throughout the ductus, the secretory cells showed oligosaccharides with terminal N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac)(2,6)galactose (Gal)/N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and internal mannose (Man) and/or glucose (Glc) in the whole cytoplasm, oligosaccharides terminating in Neu5Ac(2,6)Gal(1,3)GalNAc, Neu5Ac(2,6)Gal (1,4)GlcNAc, GalNAc, GlcNAc, and fucose (Fuc) in the supra-nuclear zone, and also glycans terminating in Neu5Ac(2,3)Gal (1,4)GlcNAc, Neu5Ac(2,6)Gal(1,3)GalNAc, Gal (1,4)GlcNAc on the luminal surface. In the caput and corpus regions, the supra-nuclear cytoplasm was characterized by terminal Gal(1,4)GlcNAc and GalNAc, the luminal surface by GalNAc and Gal. The Golgi zone, showing oligosaccharides with terminal Neu5Ac(2,3)Gal (1,4)GlcNAc, Neu5Ac(2,6)Gal (1,3)GalNAc, Neu5Ac(2,6)Gal (1,4)GlcNAc, and internal GlcNAc, expressed terminal Gal (1,4)GlcNAc and GalNAc in the caput, and terminal GalNAc in the corpus. The granules showed all the investigated carbohydrates in their peripheral zone except terminal GalNAc and Fuc, whereas internal Man/Glc and terminal Gal were expressed in the central core, and Fuc throughout the ductus, terminal GlcNAc in the caput and corpus, and terminal GalNAc only in the corpus. 相似文献
14.
The filtration apparatus of Cladocera: Filter mesh-sizes and their implications on food selectivity 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
Summary The filtering apparatus of eleven Cladoceran species was studied. The distances between the setulae, which act as filters, were measured. Among adult individuals, they vary from 0.2 m in Diaphanosoma brachyurum to 4.7 m in Sida crystallina. Species can be grouped according to the mesh-sizes, as fine mesh filter-feeders: Diaphanosoma brachyurum, Ceriodaphnia quadrangula, Chydorus sphaericus, Daphnia cucullata and Daphnia magna; medium mesh filter-feeders: Daphnia galeata, D. hyalina. D. pulicaria, Bosmina coregoni, and coarse mesh filter-feeders: Holopedium gibberum and Sida crystallina. In Daphnia hyalina, the distances between setulae increase from 0.3–0.4 m in small juveniles, to 0.8–2.0 m in adults. In Daphnia magna, the mesh-size of the filter does not increase significantly with growth. There is good evidence that the relative abundance of the filter-feeding types varies with the trophic state of the lake. In oligotrophic lakes the coarse mesh filter-feeders usually dominate throughout the year. The seasonal succession of zooplankton species in eutrophic lakes can be interpreted as a succession of feeding types; during winter coarse mesh filter-feeders dominate, while fine mesh filter-feeders are most abundant during summer phytoplankton blooms. Our results support the hypothesis that the species composition of filter-feeding zooplankton is strongly influenced by the amount of suspended bacteria which are available as food only for filter-feeding species with fine meshes. 相似文献
15.
Fumito Matsuura Masaya Ohta Khoichi Murakami Yujirou Matsuki 《Glycoconjugate journal》1993,10(3):202-213
Structures of the Asn linked oligosaccharides of quail egg-yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) were determined in this study. Asn linked oligosaccharides were cleaved from IgY by hydrazinolysis and labelled withp-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (ABEE) afterN-acetylation. The ABEE labelled oligosaccharides were then fractionated by a combination of Concanavalin A-agarose column chromatography and anion exchange, normal phase and reversed phase HPLC before their structures were determined by sequential exoglycosidase digestion, methylation analysis, HPLC, and 500 MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy. Quail IgY contained only neutral oligosaccharides of the following categories: the glucosylated oligomannose type (0.6%, Glc1-3Glc1-3Man9GlcNAc2; 35.6%, Glc1-3Man7–9GlcNAc2). oligomannose type (15.0%, with the structure Man5–9GlcNAc2) and biantennary complex type with core structures of-Man1-3(-Man1-6)Man1-4GlcNAc1-4GlcNAc (9.9%),-Man1-3(GlcNAc1-4)(-Man1-6)Man1-4GlcNAc1-4GlcNAc (25.1%) and-Man1-3(GlcNAc1-4)(-Man1-6)Man1-4GlcNAc1-4(Fuc1-6)GlcNAc (11.4%). Although never found in mammalian proteins, glucosylated oligosaccharides (Glc1Man7–9GlcNAc2) have been located previously in hen IgY.Abbreviations IgG, IgM, IgA, IgY
immunoglobulin G, M, A and Y, respectively
- ABEE
p-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester 相似文献
16.
In the Baltic Sea area, the cladoceran Daphnia magna is commonly found in brackish water rockpools and it has been suggested that salinity is one of the niche dimensions that affects the distribution of the species. The salinity tolerance of D. magna was studied both in physiological and life history experiments. The experimental salinities were freshwater, 4S and 8S. The highest respiration and ammonium excretion rates were measured in the freshwater treatment with decreasing respiration and ammonium excretion rates at higher salinities. The lowest O/N ratio (oxygen consumption to ammonium excretion), describing the metabolic status of an organism, was obtained at 8S, although the only significant differences were detected when comparing to 4S treatments. Individual growth rate, reproductive output and population growth rate were highest at 4S. At 8S growth and reproduction were reduced as compared to freshwater and 4S. The life history parameters in the performed experiments indicated higher fitness (expressed as r) as well as more favourable conditions for growth and reproduction at 4S, whereas the O/N ratio was more difficult to interpret and, in this case, gave a less clear picture of the salinity influence. 相似文献
17.
Purification and immunocytochemical localization of kafirins inSorghum bicolor (L. Moench) endosperm
Summary Kafirins are the storage proteins of sorghum and are found in protein bodies in the seed endosperm. They have been classified as -, -, and -kafirins according to differences in molecular weight, solubility, and structure. The kafirins were purified, amino acid composition was determined, and immunolocalization methods were used to determine the organization of the protein bodies and distribution of kafirins throughout the endosperm. All three groups of kafirins were low in lysine. -Kafirins and -kafirins were relatively high in cysteine, and -kafirins were relatively high in methionine. Transmission electron microscopy showed that protein bodies in the peripheral endosperm were spheroid with concentric rings and few darkly stained inclusions. In contrast, protein bodies of the central endosperm were irregularly shaped with a higher proportion of darkly stained material. The light staining regions of the protein bodies are composed primarily of -kafirins with minor portions of - and -kafirins. The dark staining regions, however, are composed primarily of - and -kafirins. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that protein bodies in the peripheral endosperm contain predominantly a-kafirin with minor amounts of - and -kafirin. Central endosperm protein bodies are also predominantly -kafirin, but have a higher proportion of -kafirin and -kafirin than the peripheral endosperm protein bodies.Abbreviations GAR-HRP
Goat anti-rabbit horseradish peroxidase
- IgG
immunoglobulin G
- 2-ME
2-mercaptoethanol
- SDS-PAGE
sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- TBS
Tris buffer saline
- TBS-T
Tris buffer saline with Tween
- TBS-T-B
Tris buffer saline with Tween and bovine serum albumin
- TCA
trichloroacetic acid
- UV
ultraviolet 相似文献
18.
H. J. Steinhoff 《European biophysics journal : EBJ》1990,18(1):57-62
The residual motion of spin labels bound to cysteine 93 and to lysines of methemoglobin has been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. To separate the influences of the solvent and the protein environment of the label fluctuations, the correlation times, , were analyzed as a function of temperature for fixed solvent viscosities, . Results show that over a wide range of viscosity the dependence of on may be empirically described by a power law
k
. The exponent k depends strongly on the location of the label on the protein surface. If one regards the spin labels as artificial amino acid side chains, characteristic values of correlation times and amplitudes of the rotational motion at the surface can be given. For =1 cP and T=297 K the correlation time of the labels bound to lysines is found to be =9 · 10–10 s and the rotational diffusion is nearly isotropic. The spin label bound to cysteine 93 occupies a protein pocket, its rotational motion is therefore restricted. The correlation time of the label motion within a limited motion cone of semi angle =30° ± 3° is found to be =1.3 · 10–9 s for =1 cP and T=297 K. 相似文献
19.
Jan B L Damm Hans Voshol Karl Hård Johannis P Kamerling Gijs W K Van Dedem Johannes F G Vliegenthart 《Glycoconjugate journal》1988,5(3):221-233
TheN-linked carbohydrate chains of the-subunit of highly purified urinary human chorionic gonadotropin have been re-investigated. The oligosaccharides were released enzymatically by peptide-N
4-(N-acetyl--glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase-F, and fractionated by a combination of FPLC and HPLC. As a result of the application of improved fractionation methods, apart from the earlier reported carbohydrate chains, also small amounts of trisialo tri- and tri-antennary oligosaccharides were found. The primary structures of the latter carbohydrate chains have been determined by 500-MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy to beAbbreviations hCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
- hCG-
-subunit
- hCG-
-subunit
- PNGase-F
peptide-N
4-(N-acetyl--glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase-F (E.C. 3.5.1.52)
- endo-F
endo--N-acetylglucosaminidase-F (E.C. 3.2.1.96)
- SDS
sodium dodecyl sulphate
- PAGE
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- CBB
coomassie brilliant blue R 250
- GlcNAc
N-acetylglucosamine
- NeuAc
N-acetylneuraminic acid
- Man
mannose
- Gal
galactose
- Fuc
fucose 相似文献
20.
Microbial transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 by Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia lunata 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Of 49 microbial strains screened for their capabilities to transform ginsenoside Rb1, Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia lunata produced four key metabolites: 3-O-[-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)--d-glucopyranosyl]- 20-O-[-d-glucopyranosyl]-3,12, 20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene (1), 3-O-[-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)--d- glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[-d-glucopyranosyl]-3,12, 20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ol (2), 3-O-[-d-gluco- pyranosyl-(1,2)--d-glucopyranosyl]-3, 12, 20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene (3), and 3-O--d-glucopyranosyl-3, 12, 20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene (4), identified by TOF-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data. Metabolites 1, 3 and 4 were from the incubation with R. stolonifer, and 1 and 2 from the incubation with C. lunata. Compound 2 was identified as a new compound. 相似文献