共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
Anna Pérez-Lezaun Francesc Calafell Mark Seielstad Eva Mateu David Comas Elena Bosch Jaume Bertranpetit 《Journal of molecular evolution》1997,45(3):265-270
Eight human short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRs) also known as microsatellites—DYS19, DYS388, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392,
DYS393, DYS389I, and DYS389II, mapping in the Y chromosome—were analyzed in two Iberian samples (Basques and Catalans). Allele
frequency distributions showed significant differences only for DYS392. Fst and gene diversity index (D) were estimated for the Y STRs. The values obtained are comparable to those of autosomal STR if corrections for the smaller
effective population size on the Y chromosome are taken into account. This suggests that Y-chromosome microsatellites might
be as useful as their autosomal counterparts to both human population genetics and forensics. Our results also reinforce the
hypothesis that selective sweeps in the Y chromosome in recent times are unlikely. Haplotypes combining five of the loci were
constructed for 71 individuals, showing 29 different haplotypes. A haplotype tree was constructed, from which an estimate
of 7,000 to 60,000 years for the age of the Y-chromosome variation in Iberia was derived, in accordance with previous estimates
obtained with mtDNA sequences and nuclear markers.
Received: 3 January 1997 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
2.
Characterization of ancestral and derived Y-chromosome haplotypes of New World native populations. 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13 下载免费PDF全文
N O Bianchi C I Catanesi G Bailliet V L Martinez-Marignac C M Bravi L B Vidal-Rioja R J Herrera J S Lpez-Camelo 《American journal of human genetics》1998,63(6):1862-1871
We analyze the allelic polymorphisms in seven Y-specific microsatellite loci and a Y-specific alphoid system with 27 variants (alphah I-XXVII), in a total of 89 Y chromosomes carrying the DYS199T allele and belonging to populations representing Amerindian and Na-Dene linguistic groups. Since there are no indications of recurrence for the DYS199C-->T transition, it is assumed that all DYS199T haplotypes derive from a single individual in whom the C-->T mutation occurred for the first time. We identified both the ancestral founder haplotype, 0A, of the DYS199T lineage and seven derived haplogroups diverging from the ancestral one by one to seven mutational steps. The 0A haplotype (5.7% of Native American chromosomes) had the following constitution: DYS199T, alphah II, DYS19/13, DYS389a/10, DYS389b/27, DYS390/24, DYS391/10, DYS392/14, and DYS393/13 (microsatellite alleles are indicated as number of repeats). We analyzed the Y-specific microsatellite mutation rate in 1,743 father-son transmissions, and we pooled our data with data in the literature, to obtain an average mutation rate of.0012. We estimated that the 0A haplotype has an average age of 22,770 years (minimum 13,500 years, maximum 58,700 years). Since the DYS199T allele is found with high frequency in Native American chromosomes, we propose that 0A is one of the most prevalent founder paternal lineages of New World aborigines. 相似文献
3.
Genetic differentiation in South Amerindians is related to environmental and cultural diversity: evidence from the Y chromosome 下载免费PDF全文
Tarazona-Santos E Carvalho-Silva DR Pettener D Luiselli D De Stefano GF Labarga CM Rickards O Tyler-Smith C Pena SD Santos FR 《American journal of human genetics》2001,68(6):1485-1496
The geographic structure of Y-chromosome variability has been analyzed in native populations of South America, through use of the high-frequency Native American haplogroup defined by the DYS199-T allele and six Y-chromosome-linked microsatellites (DYS19, DYS389A, DYS389B, DYS390, DYS391, and DYS393), analyzed in 236 individuals. The following pattern of within- and among-population variability emerges from the analysis of microsatellite data: (1) the Andean populations exhibit significantly higher levels of within-population variability than do the eastern populations of South America; (2) the spatial-autocorrelation analysis suggests a significant geographic structure of Y-chromosome genetic variability in South America, although a typical evolutionary pattern could not be categorically identified; and (3) genetic-distance analyses and the analysis of molecular variance suggest greater homogeneity between Andean populations than between non-Andean ones. On the basis of these results, we propose a model for the evolution of the male lineages of South Amerindians that involves differential patterns of genetic drift and gene flow. In the western part of the continent, which is associated with the Andean area, populations have relatively large effective sizes and gene-flow levels among them, which has created a trend toward homogenization of the gene pool. On the other hand, eastern populations-settled in the Amazonian region, the central Brazilian plateau, and the Chaco region-have exhibited higher rates of genetic drift and lower levels of gene flow, with a resulting trend toward genetic differentiation. This model is consistent with the linguistic and cultural diversity of South Amerindians, the environmental heterogeneity of the continent, and the available paleoecological data. 相似文献
4.
Allan M. Crawford Steven M. Kappes Korena A. Paterson Mauricio J. deGotari Ken G. Dodds Brad A. Freking Roger T. Stone Craig W. Beattie 《Journal of molecular evolution》1998,46(2):256-260
Previous studies suggest the median allele length of microsatellites is longest in the species from which the markers were
derived, suggesting that an ascertainment bias was operating. We have examined whether the size distribution of microsatellite
alleles between sheep and cattle is source dependent using a set of 472 microsatellites that can be amplified in both species.
For those markers that were polymorphic in both species we report a significantly greater number of markers (P < 0.001) with longer median allele sizes in sheep, regardless of microsatellite origin. This finding suggests that any ascertainment
bias operating during microsatellite selection is only a minor contributor to the variation observed.
Received: 6 January 1997 / Accepted: 19 May 1997 相似文献
5.
Ruiz-Narváez EA Santos FR Carvalho-Silva DR Azofeifa J Barrantes R Pena SD 《Human biology; an international record of research》2005,77(1):71-91
Genetic variation of the Y chromosome in five Chibchan tribes (Bribri, Cabecar, Guaymi, Huetar, and Teribe) of Costa Rica and Panama was analyzed using six microsatellite loci (DYS19, DYS389A, DYS389B, DYS390, DYS391, and DYS393), the Y-chromosome-specific alphoid system (alphah), the Y-chromosome Alu polymorphism (YAP), and a specific pre-Columbian transition (C-->T) (M3 marker) in the DYS 199 locus that defines the Q-M3 haplogroup. Thirty-nine haplotypes were found, resulting in a haplotype diversity of 0.937. The Huetar were the most diverse tribe, probably because of their high levels of interethnic admixture. A candidate founder Y-chromosome haplotype was identified (15.1% of Chibchan chromosomes), with the following constitution: YAP-, DYS199*T, alphah-II, DYS19*13, DYS389A*17, DYS389B*10, DYS390*24, DYS391*10, and DYS393*13. This haplotype is the same as the one described previously as one of the most frequent founder paternal lineages in native American populations. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that the between-population variation was smaller than the within-population variation, and the comparison with mtDNA restriction data showed no evidence of differential structuring between maternally and paternally inherited genes in the Chibchan populations. The mismatch-distribution approach indicated estimated coalescence times of the Y chromosomes of the Q-M3 haplogroup of 3,113 and 13,243 years before present; for the mtDNA-restriction haplotypes the estimated coalescence time was between 7,452 and 9,834 years before present. These results are compatible with the suggested time for the origin of the Chibchan group based on archeological, linguistic, and genetic evidence. 相似文献
6.
Characterization of a Small Family (CAIII) of Microsatellite-Containing Sequences with X-Y Homology 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Patrizia Malaspina Bianca Maria Ciminelli Luigi Viggiano Carla Jodice Fulvio Cruciani Piero Santolamazza Daniele Sellitto Rosaria Scozzari Luciano Terrenato Mariano Rocchi Andrea Novelletto 《Journal of molecular evolution》1997,44(6):652-659
Four X-linked loci showing homology with a previously described Y-linked polymorphic locus (DYS413) were identified and characterized.
By fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), somatic cell hybrids, and YAC screening, the X-linked members of this small family
of sequences (CAIII) all map in Xp22, while the Y members map in Yq11. These loci contribute to the overall similarity of
the two genomic regions. All of the CAIII loci contain an internal microsatellite of the (CA)n type. The microsatellites display extensive length polymorphism in two of the X-linked members as well as in the Y members.
In addition, common sequence variants are found in the portions flanking the microsatellites in two of the X-linked members.
Our results indicate that, during the evolution of this family, length variation on the Y chromosome was accumulated at a
rate not slower than that on the X chromosome. Finally, these sequences represent a model system with which to analyze human
populations for similar X- and Y-linked polymorphisms.
Received: 29 July 1996 / Accepted: 15 January 1997 相似文献
7.
Evolution of Microsatellites in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Role of Length and Number of Repeated Units 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The observed and expected frequencies of occurrence of microsatellites in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated. In all cases, the observed frequencies exceeded the expected ones. In contrast to predictions by Messier
et al. (1996), there is no critical number of repeats beyond which the observed frequencies of microsatellites significantly
exceed the frequencies expected in a random DNA sequence of the same size. Rather, the degree of deviation from expectation
was found to be dependent on the length of the microsatellite. That is, a fourfold concatemeric repeat of 3 bp was found to
deviate from expectation as much as threefold concatemeric repeat of 4 bp, unlike the deviation of a fourfold concatemeric
repeat of 4 bp. These findings suggest that microsatellites evolve through strand-slippage events, rather than recombination
events. This, in turn, suggests that the chances of erroneous hybridizations leading to strand-slippage are length dependent.
Received: 1 June 1998 / Accepted: 16 September 1998 相似文献
8.
The rate of microsatellite mutation is dependent upon both the allele length and the repeat motif, but the exact nature of this relationship is still unknown. We analyzed data on the inheritance of human Y-chromosomal microsatellites in father-son duos, taken from 24 published reports and comprising 15,285 directly observable meioses. At the six microsatellites analyzed (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393), a total of 162 mutations were observed. For each locus, we employed a maximum-likelihood approach to evaluate one of several single-step mutation models on the basis of the data. For five of the six loci considered, a novel logistic mutation model was found to provide the best fit according to Akaike's information criterion. This implies that the mutation probability at the loci increases (nonlinearly) with allele length at a rate that differs between upward and downward mutations. For DYS392, the best fit was provided by a linear model in which upward and downward mutation probabilities increase equally with allele length. This is the first study to empirically compare different microsatellite mutation models in a locus-specific fashion. 相似文献
9.
Altuna ME Modesti NM Demarchi DA 《Human biology; an international record of research》2006,78(5):635-639
To assess the paternal history of the Mbyá-Guaraní Amerindians of northeast Argentina, we examined the genetic variation in seven Y-chromosome loci: the binary marker M3 at locus DYS199, and six short tandem repeats (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, and DYS393). The most striking finding is the high frequency among the Mbyá-Guaraní of Q3 lineages with the usually rare alleles DYS391*11 and DYS393*11, which could be the result of a founder effect, given the recent history of the population. 相似文献
10.
Jeffrey T. Lell Michael D. Brown Theodore G. Schurr R. I. Sukernik Yelena B. Starikovskaya Antonio Torroni Lorna G. Moore Gary M. Troup D. C. Wallace 《Human genetics》1997,100(5-6):536-543
We have initiated a study of ancient male migrations from Siberia to the Americas using Y chromosome polymorphisms. The first
polymorphism examined, a C→T transition at nucleotide position 181 of the DYS199 locus, was previously reported only in Native
American populations. To investigate the origin of this DYS199 polymorphism, we screened Y chromosomes from a number of Siberian,
Asian, and Native American populations for this and other markers. This survey detected the T allele in all five Native American
populations studied at an average frequency of 61%, and in two of nine native Siberian populations, the Siberian Eskimo (21%)
and the Chukchi (17%). This finding suggested that the DYS199 T allele may have originated in Beringia and was then spread
throughout the New World by the founding populations of the major subgroups of modern Native Americans. We further characterized
Native American Y chromosome variation by analyzing two additional Y chromosome polymorphisms, the DYS287 Y Alu polymorphic (YAP) element insertion and a YAP-associated A→G transition at DYS271, both commonly found in Africans. We found
neither African allele associated with the DYS199 T allele in any of the Native American or native Siberian populations. However,
we did find DYS287 YAP+ individuals who harbored the DYS199 C allele in one Native American population, the Mixe, and in one
Asian group, the Tibetans. A correlation of these Y chromosome alleles in Native Americans with those of the DYS1 locus, as
detected by the p49a/p49f (p49a,f) probes on TaqI-digested genomic DNA, revealed a complete association of DYS1 alleles (p49a,f haplotypes) 13, 18, 66, 67 and 69 with the
DYS199 T allele, while DYS1 alleles 8 and 63 were associated with both the DYS199 C and T allele.
Received: 18 November 1996 / Accepted: 19 May 1997 相似文献
11.
Maureen P. Martin Anita Harding Robert Chadwick Mel Kronick Michael Cullen Ling Lin Emmanuel Mignot M. Carrington 《Immunogenetics》1997,47(2):131-138
The human genome contains a large number of interspersed microsatellite repeats which exhibit a high degree of polymorphism
and are inherited in a Mendelian fashion, making them extremely useful genetic markers. Several microsatellites have been
described in the HLA region, but allele nomenclature, a set of broadly distributed controls, and typing methods have not been standardized, which
has resulted in discrepant microsatellite data between laboratories. In this report we present a detailed protocol for genotyping
microsatellites using a semi-automated fluorescence-based method. Twelve microsatellites within or near the major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) were typed in the 10th International Histocompatibility Workshop homozygous typing cell lines (HTCs) and alleles
were designated based on size. All loci were sequenced in two HTCs providing some information on the level of complexity of
the repeat sequence. A comparison of allele size obtained by genotyping versus that obtained by direct sequencing showed minor
discrepancies in some cases, but these were not unexpected given the technical differences in the methodologies. Fluorescence-based
typing of microsatellites in the MHC described herein is highly efficient, accurate, and reproducible, and will allow comparison
of results between laboratories.
Received: 10 May 1997 / Revised: 1 August 1997 相似文献
12.
Matsuoka Y Mitchell SE Kresovich S Goodman M Doebley J 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(2-3):436-450
To evaluate the performance of microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) for evolutionary studies in Zea, 46 microsatellite loci originally derived from maize were applied to diverse arrays of populations that represent all the
diploid species of Zea and 101 maize inbreds. Although null phenotypes and amplification of more than two alleles per plant were observed at modest
rates, no practical obstacle was encountered for applying maize microsatellites to other Zea species. Sequencing of microsatellite alleles revealed complex patterns of mutation including frequent indels in the regions
flanking microsatellite repeats. In one case, all variation at a microsatellite locus came from indels in the flanking region
rather than in the repeat motif. Maize microsatellites show great variability within populations and provide a reliable means
to measure intraspecific variation. Phylogeographic relationships of Zea populations were successfully reconstructed with good resolution using a genetic distance based on the infinite allele model,
indicating that microsatellite loci are useful in evolutionary studies in Zea. Microsatellite loci show a principal division between tropical and temperate inbred lines, and group inbreds within these
two broad germplasm groups in a manner that is largely consistent with their known pedigrees.
Received: 10 February 2001 / Accepted: 21 May 2001 相似文献
13.
Microsatellite length variation was investigated at a highly variable microsatellite locus in four species of Apodemus. Information obtained from microsatellite allele sequences was contrasted with allele sizes, which included 18 electromorphs.
Additional analysis of a 400-bp unique sequence in the flanking region identified 26 different haplotype sequences or ``true'
alleles in the sample. Three molecular mechanisms, namely, (1) addition/deletion of repeats, (2) substitutions and indels
in the flanking region, and (3) mutations interrupting the repeat, contributed to the generation of allelic variation. Size
homoplasy can be inferred for alleles within populations, from different populations of the same species, and from different
species. We propose that microsatellite flanking sequences may be informative markers for investigating mutation processes
in microsatellite repeats as well as phylogenetic relationships among alleles, populations, and species.
Received: 3 November 1999 / Accepted: 2 May 2000 相似文献
14.
Microsatellite DNA sequences have become the dominant source of nuclear genetic markers for most applications. It is important
to investigate the basis of variation between alleles and to know if current assumptions about the mechanisms of microsatellite
mutation (that is to say, variations involving simple changes in the number of repeat) are correct. We have characterized,
by DNA sequencing, the human alleles of a new highly informative (CA)n repeat localized approximately 20 kb centromeric to
the HLA-B gene. Although 12 alleles were identified based on conventional length criteria, sequencing of the alleles demonstrated
that differences between alleles were found to be more complex than previously assumed: A high degree of microsatellite variability
is due to variation in the region immediately flanking the repeat. These data indicate that the mutational process which generates
polymorphism in this region has involved not only simple changes in the number of dinucleotide CA repeats but also perturbations
in the nonrepeated 5′ and 3′ flanking sequences. Three families of alleles (not visible from the overall length of the alleles),
with presumably separate evolutionary histories, exist and can yield to homoplasy of size. Effectively, we can observe alleles
of the same size with different internal structures which are separated by a significant amount of variation. Although allelic
homoplasy for noninterrupted microsatellite loci has been suggested between different species, it has not been unequivocally
demonstrated within species. A strong association is noted between alleles defined at the sequence level and HLA-B alleles.
The observation of several families of alleles at the population level provides information about the evolutionary history
and mutation processes of microsatellites and may have implications for the use of these markers in phylogenetic, linkage
disequilibrium studies, and gene mapping.
Received: 14 May 1996 / Accepted: 9 September 1996 相似文献
15.
Ena Urbach David J. Scanlan Daniel L. Distel John B. Waterbury Sallie W. Chisholm 《Journal of molecular evolution》1998,46(2):188-201
Cultured isolates of the unicellular planktonic cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and marine Synechococcus belong to a single marine picophytoplankton clade. Within this clade, two deeply branching lineages of Prochlorococcus, two lineages of marine A Synechococcus and one lineage of marine B Synechococcus exhibit closely spaced divergence points with low bootstrap support. This pattern is consistent with a near-simultaneous
diversification of marine lineages with divinyl chlorophyll b and phycobilisomes as photosynthetic antennae. Inferences from 16S ribosomal RNA sequences including data for 18 marine picophytoplankton
clade members were congruent with results of psbB and petB and D sequence analyses focusing on five strains of Prochlorococcus and one strain of marine A Synechococcus. Third codon position and intergenic region nucleotide frequencies vary widely among members of the marine picophytoplankton
group, suggesting that substitution biases differ among the lineages. Nonetheless, standard phylogenetic methods and newer
algorithms insensitive to such biases did not recover different branching patterns within the group, and failed to cluster
Prochlorococcus with chloroplasts or other chlorophyll b-containing prokaryotes. Prochlorococcus isolated from surface waters of stratified, oligotrophic ocean provinces predominate in a lineage exhibiting low G + C nucleotide
frequencies at highly variable positions.
Received: 18 January 1997 / Accepted: 18 May 1997 相似文献
16.
The Gran Chaco region of central South America has been settled by humans for only the last 4,000-5,000 years. To investigate population structure and variation in this region's indigenous population, we scored males from tribes of the Argentinean part of the Gran Chaco (Pilagá, Wichí, and Toba, representing two major language groups, the Mataco and Guaycurú) for a number of Y-chromosome polymorphisms. The markers included eight microsatellites (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, and DYS439) and the unique native American single nucleotide polymorphism, DYS199. Sixty males (77%) from the total sample carried the DYS199T chromosome, and these were the focus of the present analysis. Unlike most other native Americans, Gran Chaco males show a moderate level of diversity at the DYS19 locus but still less than that seen in non-native Americans. The FST value for Y-chromosome markers in Gran Chaco was 0.107, a value that is more than double that found for mtDNA haplogroups in the same tribes but is not particularly high compared with other Y-chromosome studies. Phylogenetic trees based on all eight microsatellites showed relatively poor correlation of the tribes with either geography or language, and this is possibly explained by their ecology. They are seasonal hunters living in small bands, and under such circumstances drift will be a powerful evolutionary force. An UPGMA tree based on five microsatellites (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393), however, showed a more positive relationship, suggesting that DYS437, DYS438, and DYS439 may behave differently from the other microsatellites. No association was found between maternal and paternal lineage distributions. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the DYS199T chromosome is calculated to lie between 13,000 and 26,000 years. This range is consistent with estimates from other Y-chromosome studies as well as with estimates from mtDNA and the archeology of the colonization of South America. We conclude that the male lineages present in the contemporary Gran Chaco population reflect the level of diversity found in South America and that the region's male founders did not carry a restricted gene pool. 相似文献
17.
We examined the evolution of the repeat regions of three noncoding microsatellite loci in 58 species of the Polistinae, a
subfamily of wasps that diverged over 140 million years ago. A phylogenetic approach allows two new kinds of approaches to
studying microsatellite evolution: character mapping and comparative analysis. The basic repeat structure of the loci was
highly conserved, but was often punctuated with imperfections that appear to be phylogenetically informative. Repeat numbers
evolved more rapidly than other changes in the repeat region. Changes in number of repeats among species seem consistent with
the stepwise mutation model, which is based on slippage during replication as the main source of mutations. Changes in repeat
numbers can occur even when there are very few tandem repeats but longer repeats, especially perfect repeats led to greater
rates of evolutionary change. Species phylogenetically closer to the one from which we identified the loci had longer stretches
of uninterrupted repeats and more different motifs, but not longer total repeat regions. The number of perfect repeats increased
more often than it decreased. However, there was no evidence that some species have consistently greater numbers of repeats
across loci than other species have, once ascertainment bias is eliminated. We also found no evidence for a population size
effect posited by one form of the directionality hypothesis. Overall, phylogenetic variation in repeat regions can be explained
by adding neutral evolution to what is already known about the mutation process. The life cycle of microsatellites appears
to reflect a balance between growth by slippage and degradation by an essentially irreversible accumulation of imperfections.
Received: 13 April 1999 / Accepted: 8 September 1999 相似文献
18.
Alejandro P. Rooney Rodney L. Honeycutt Scott K. Davis James N. Derr 《Journal of molecular evolution》1999,49(5):682-690
A size-selected Balaena mysticetus genomic library was screened for clones containing simple sequence repeat, or microsatellite, loci. A total of 11 novel loci
was identified. These loci were combined with a set of 9 published loci, for a total of 20 markers, and were scored across
a sample of 108 bowhead whales from the Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort Seas population of bowhead whales. Genetic variability was
measured in terms of polymorphism information content values and unbiased heterozygosity. From the latter, estimates of long-term
effective population size were obtained. In addition, gametic phase disequilibrium among loci was investigated. Moderate to
high levels of polymorphism were found overall, and the long-term effective size estimates were large relative to total population
size. Tests of heterozygosity excess (Cornuet and Luikart 1996) and allele frequency distribution (Luikart et al. 1998) indicated
that the possibility of a recent genetic bottleneck in the Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort Seas population of bowhead whales is highly
unlikely. However, the fact that five loci displayed a statistically significant heterozygote deficiency remains to be explained.
Received: 3 November 1998 / Accepted: 28 April 1999 相似文献
19.
Karen Miller Clare Lynch Joanne Martin Elisabeth Herniou Michael Tristem 《Journal of molecular evolution》1999,49(3):358-366
Gypsy LTR-retrotransposons have been identified in the genomes of many organisms, but only a small number of vertebrate examples
have been reported to date. Here we show that members of this family are likely to be widespread in many vertebrate classes
with the possible exceptions of mammals and birds. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that although there are several distinct
lineages of vertebrate gypsy LTR-retrotransposons, the majority clusters into one monophyletic clade. Groups of fungal, plant, and insect elements were
also observed, suggesting horizontal transfer between phyla may be infrequent. However, in contrast to this, there was little
evidence to support sister relationships between elements derived from vertebrate and insect hosts. In fact, the majority
of the vertebrate elements appeared to be most closely related to a group of gypsy LTR-retrotransposons present within fungi. This implies either that at least one horizontal transmission between these two
phyla has occurred previously or that a gypsy LTR-retrotransposon lineage has been lost from insect taxa.
Received: 22 December 1998 / Accepted: 6 April 1999 相似文献
20.
I. V. Kornienko E. V. Bondarenko L. S. Mikhalkovich B. A. Malyarchuk E. N. Kotova 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2009,45(1):118-122
Haplotype frequencies and allele distributions at 11 STR loci of the Y chromosome were evaluated in 180 unrelated individuals from Russian population of Southern Federal district of the Russian Federation (Rostov oblast, Krasnodar krai, and Stavropol krai). Among 153 Y-chromosomal haplotypes discovered, 62 were unique. In the sample of Russian population, the most frequent haplotype (frequency of 5.56%) was 16-11,14-13-30-25-11-11-13-14-11-10 (for the loci DYS19, DYS385a,b, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, and DYS439, respectively). Despite the high diversity of Y-chromosomal haplotypes in the Russian populations from the south of Russia (the h value was 0.997, 0.995, and 0.994 in Rostov, Krasnodar, and Stavropol samples, respectively), analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed the absence of differentiation between the populations (ΦST = 0.1%, P = 0.36). Comparative differentiation analysis performed for 13 Russian populations from the European part of Russia pointed to low among-population differentiation in Y-chromosomal lineages (ΦST = 0.52%, P = 0.03). 相似文献